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Topics
History of theatre * List of years in literature * History of science fiction * History of ideas * Intellectual history••Epic • Romance • Novel Prose • Poetry • Modern History • Books • Authors • Awards • Basic Topics • Literary Terms•Criticism • Theory
Ancient literature
Arabic literature
Chinese literature
Greek literature
Latin literature
Indian literature: Assamese literature* Bengali literature * Hindi literature * Kannada literature * Kashmiri literature* Malayalam literature * Nepali literature * Sanskrit literature * Sindhi literature * Tamil literature * Telugu literature
Persian literature: Pahlavi literature
European Literature
Renaissance literature Matter of Rome * Matter of France * Matter of Britain * Medieval literature
Structuralism * Deconstruction * Poststructuralism * Postmodernism * Post-colonialism * Hypertext fiction * Modernism
American Literature
American literature * Argentine literature * * Canadian literature * * * * Mexican literature * * Literature of the United States
Australasian Literature
Australian literature * New Zealand literature
Asian Literature
Asian literature * Bengali literature * * * Indian writing in English * Japanese literature * Hindi literature* Kannada literature * Malayalam literature * Marathi literature * Pakistani literature * Tamil literature * Urdu literature * Vietnamese literature
African Literature
* * Moroccan literature * South African literature * Swahili literature


World literature refers to literature from all over the world, including African literature, Arabic literature, American literature, Asian literature, European literature, Latin American literature, and so on. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe introduced the concept of Weltliteratur in 1827 to describe the growing availability of texts from other nations. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels used the term in the Communist Manifesto of 1848 to describe the "cosmopolitan character" of bourgeois literary production.

Today, the term "world literature" is often used to denote the supposedly very best in literature: the so-called Western canon. Recent books such as David Damrosch's What Is World Literature? define world literature as a category of literary production, publication and circulation, rather than using the term evaluatively. Arguably, this is closer to the original sense of the term in Goethe and Marx.

World literature is conceptually similar to world cinema and world music.

Further reading

  • The Norton Anthology of World Literature, 6 vols., second edition, 2001-2003.
  • David Damrosch, What Is World Literature?, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2003.
  • Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, Manifesto of the Communist Party, 1848.
  • Jerome Rothenberg & Pierre Joris (editors), Poems for the Millennium: a Global Anthology of Modern & Postmodern Poetry, Berkeley: University of California Press, two vols., 1995, 1998.

See also

External links

Spanish Golden Age Laws on Female Actors In Spain theatre thrived during its Golden Age, a period from about 1550 to 1700. Three types of drama were popular: the religious one acts called autos sacramentales, the secular full- length comedias nuevas, and also the musical zarzuelas
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16th century in literature – 1590s
  • 15th century in literature
  • 14th century in literature – Canterbury Tales – Geoffrey Chaucer
  • 13th century in literature – Parzival – Wolfram von Eschenbach

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    • science fiction is diverse and since there is little consensus of definition among scholars or devotees, its origin is an open question. Some offer works like the Sumerian Epic of Gilgamesh as the primal texts of science fiction.
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    The history of ideas is a field of research in history that deals with the expression, preservation, and change of human ideas over time. The history of ideas is a sister-discipline to, or a particular approach within, intellectual history.
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    Intellectual history refers to the history of the people who create, discuss, write about and in other ways propagate ideas. Although the field emerged from European discourses of Kulturgeschichte and Geistesgeschichte, the historical study of ideas has engaged not only
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    For other meanings of epic, see .
    The epic is long, exalted narrative poetry, generally concerning a serious subject and details the heroic deeds and events important to a culture or nation.
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    romance or chivalric romance refers to a style of heroic prose and verse narrative current in Europe from the Middle Ages to the Renaissance.

    Characteristics of the romance


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    novel (from, Italian novella, Spanish novela, French nouvelle for "new", "news", or "short story of something new") is today a long prose narrative set out in writing.
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    Prose is writing distinguished from poetry by its greater variety of rhythm and its closer resemblance to the patterns of everyday speech. The word prose comes from the Latin prosa, meaning straightforward, hence the term "prosaic," which is often seen as pejorative.
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    Poetry (from the Greek "ποίησις", poiesis, a "making" or "creating") is a form of art in which language is used for its aesthetic and evocative qualities in addition to, or in lieu of, its ostensible
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    For the first part of this article, see .

    Modern Literature, 19th century

    The 19th century was perhaps the most literary of all centuries, because not only were the forms of novel, short story and magazine serial all in existence side-by-side with
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    This is a list of lists of books in Wikipedia:

    General lists

    List of books by title (This list was moved to Wikiproject Books.

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    The following are lists of writers:

    By name

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    A list of famous prizes, medals and awards including cups, trophies, bowls, badges, state decorations etc.

    Lists of people
    By belief
    By nationality
    By occupation
    By office held
    By prize won

    Science and technology


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    Literature is prose, written or oral, including fiction and non-fiction, drama and poetry. See also the list of basic poetry topics. Basic topics in literature include:

    Nature of literature

    Main article: Literature

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    The following is a list of literary terms; that is, those words used in discussion, classification, criticism, and analysis of literature.

    See also: Glossary of poetry terms, Literary criticism, Literary theory



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    Literary criticism is the study, discussion, evaluation, and interpretation of literature. Modern literary criticism is often informed by literary theory, which is the philosophical discussion of its methods and goals.
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    Literary theory is the theory (or the philosophy) of the interpretation of literature and literary criticism. Its history begins with classical Greek poetics and rhetoric and includes, since the 18th century, aesthetics and hermeneutics.
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    The History of literature begins with the history of writing, in Bronze Age Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt, although the oldest literary texts that have come down to us date to a full millennium after the invention of writing, to the late 3rd millennium BC.
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    Arabic literature (Arabic ,الأدب العربي ) Al-Adab Al-Arabi, is the writing produced, both prose and poetry, by speakers (not necessarily native speakers) of the Arabic language.
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    Chinese literature spans back thousands of years, from the earliest recorded dynastic court archives to the matured fictional novel arising in the medieval period to entertain the masses of literate Chinese.
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    Greek literature refers to those writings autochthonic to the areas of Greeks|Greek]influence, typically though not necessarily in one of the Greek dialects, throughout the whole period in which the Greeks|Greek-speaking peoples have existed.
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    Latin literature, the body of written works in the Latin language, remains an enduring legacy of the culture of ancient Rome. The Romans produced many works of poetry, comedy, tragedy, satire, history, and rhetoric, drawing heavily on the traditions of other cultures and
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    Indian literature is generally acknowledged as one of the oldest in the world. India has 22 officially recognized languages, and a huge variety of literature has been produced in these languages over the years. In Indian literature, oral and written forms are both important.
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    Assamese literature is the entire corpus of poetry, novels, short stories, documents etc written in the Assamese language. It also includes such writings and popular ballads in the older forms of the language during its evolution to the contemporary form.
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    The first evidence of Bengali literature is known as Charyapada or Charyageeti, which were Buddhist hymns from the 8th century. Charyapada is in the oldest known written form of Bengali.
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    Hindi literature Hindi poetry is divided into four prominent forms or styles, being Bhakti (devotional - Kabir, Raskhan); Shringar (beauty - Keshav, Bihari); Veer-Gatha (extolling brave warriors); and Adhunik (modern).
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    Kannada literature refers to the literature in Kannada language spoken mainly in the Indian state of Karnataka. Kannada literature has been the most successful among all contemporary Indian literatures, having been awarded seven Jnanpith awards.
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    Kashmiri literature (Kashmiri: कॉशुर साहित्‍य) has a history of at least 2,500 years, going back to its glory days of Sanskrit.
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    Literature written in Malayalam language.

    Art

    Nātyakalpadrumam Theatrical Study by Padma Shri Guru Māni Mādhava Chākyār

    Poetry

    Manipravalam
    Champoos
    Sandesakavyam

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