Information about Woolen
Woolen (British spelling woollen) is the name of a yarn and cloth usually made from wool.
There are several technologies used for spinning roving into thread with or without additional stretching of the yarn; formerly the most important being ring spinning and selfactor spinning; nowadays open end spinning. Regardless of the technique employed, the resulting woolen yarn has relatively high 'bulk' (that is, a lot of empty space between threads) and therefore exhibits good thermal insulation properties compared to worsted yarns which are smooth, shiny, and compact.
The rolag is spun without much stretching of the fibers from the cylindrical configuration. This is done by allowing twist into a short section of the rolag, and then pulling back, without letting the rolag change position in your hands, until the yarn is the desired thickness. The twist will concentrate in the thinnest part of the roving, thus when the yarn is pulled, the thicker sections with less twist will tend to thin out. Once the yarn is the desired thickness, enough twist is added to make the yarn strong. Then the yarn is wound onto the bobbin, and the process starts again.
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Commercial manufacture
The woolen process entails that the wool be opened and subsequently carded (often several times to obtain prerequisite homogeneity). The wool leaves a carding machine as a thin web. In the woolen process, the web, after the final card, is split up into numerous bands which are rubbed into roving and often stored on bobbins awaiting transport to a spinning frame.There are several technologies used for spinning roving into thread with or without additional stretching of the yarn; formerly the most important being ring spinning and selfactor spinning; nowadays open end spinning. Regardless of the technique employed, the resulting woolen yarn has relatively high 'bulk' (that is, a lot of empty space between threads) and therefore exhibits good thermal insulation properties compared to worsted yarns which are smooth, shiny, and compact.
Handspinning woolen yarn
The first step to spin a woolen yarn is to card the fiber into a rolag using handcarders.The rolag is spun without much stretching of the fibers from the cylindrical configuration. This is done by allowing twist into a short section of the rolag, and then pulling back, without letting the rolag change position in your hands, until the yarn is the desired thickness. The twist will concentrate in the thinnest part of the roving, thus when the yarn is pulled, the thicker sections with less twist will tend to thin out. Once the yarn is the desired thickness, enough twist is added to make the yarn strong. Then the yarn is wound onto the bobbin, and the process starts again.
Other Meanings
"Woolen", as an adjective, also refers to a thing which is composed of wool, in the same vein as wheaten, golden, and the somewhat rarer silvern and leathern.Resources
- Woolen, Semi-Woolen,Semi-Worsted, and Worsted Spinning - Gives a detailed explanation on the different ways fiber preparation and technique can created different yarns.
Spinning | ||
|---|---|---|
| Materials: | Noil Rolag Roving Sliver Staple Tow Woolen Worsted | ) |
| Techniques: | Carding Combing Twist per inch | |
| Tools: | Distaff Spindle Spinning wheel Spinners weasel | |
| Industrial Spinning: | Cotton-spinning machinery Spinning frame Spinning jenny Spinning Mule Waterframe | |
Yarn is a long continuous length of interlocked fibers, suitable for use in the production of textiles, sewing, crocheting, knitting, weaving, embroidery and ropemaking. Thread is a type of yarn intended for sewing by hand or machine.
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textile is a flexible material comprised of a network of natural or artificial fibers often referred to as thread or yarn. Yarn is produced by spinning raw wool fibers, linen, cotton, or other material on a spinning wheel to produce long strands known as yarn.
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Wool is the fibre derived from the fur of animals of the Caprinae family, principally sheep, but the hair of certain species of other mammals such as goats, llamas and rabbits may also be called wool. This article deals explicitly with the wool produced from domestic sheep.
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Carding is the processing of brushing raw or washed fibers to prepare them as textiles. A large variety of fibers can be carded, anything from dog hair, to llama, to soy silk (a fiber made from soy beans). Cotton, wool and bast are probably the most common fibers to be carded.
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A roving is a long and narrow bundle of fiber with a twist to hold the fiber together. It is usually used to spin worsted yarn, but can be used to spin woolen yarn as well.
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A bobbin is a spindle or cylinder, with or without flanges, on which wire, yarn, thread or film is wound. Bobbins are typically found in sewing machines, cameras, and within electronic equipment.
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Open end spinning is a technology for creating yarn without using a spindle. It was invented and developed in Czechoslovakia in Vızkumnı ústav bavlnářskı / Cotton Researching Institute in Ústí nad Orlicí in the year 1963.
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Worsted is the name of a yarn, the cloth made from this yarn, as well as a yarn weight category. The name derives from the village of Worstead in the English county of Norfolk.
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Carding is the processing of brushing raw or washed fibers to prepare them as textiles. A large variety of fibers can be carded, anything from dog hair, to llama, to soy silk (a fiber made from soy beans). Cotton, wool and bast are probably the most common fibers to be carded.
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A rolag is a roll of fiber generally used to spin woolen yarn. A rolag is created by first carding the fiber, using handcards, and then by gently rolling the fiber off of the cards. If properly prepared, a rolag will be uniform in width, distributing the fibers evenly.
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Wool is the fibre derived from the fur of animals of the Caprinae family, principally sheep, but the hair of certain species of other mammals such as goats, llamas and rabbits may also be called wool. This article deals explicitly with the wool produced from domestic sheep.
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GOLD refers to one of the following:
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- GOLD (IEEE) is an IEEE program designed to garner more student members at the university level (Graduates of the Last Decade).
- GOLD (parser) is an open source BNF parser.
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Silver (IPA: /ˈsɪlvə(ɹ)/) is a chemical element with the symbol Ag (Latin: argentum) and atomic number 47.
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Leather is a material created through the tanning of hides and skins of animals, primarily cattlehide. The tanning process converts the putrescible skin into a durable, long-lasting and versatile natural material for various uses.
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Spinning is the process of creating yarn (or thread, rope, cable) from various raw fiber materials.
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Process
In spinning, separate fibers are twisted together to bind them into a long, stronger yarn...... Click the link for more information.
Noil is the short fiber left over from combing wool or spinning silk. Silk noil is also called "raw silk", although that is a misnomer. As noil is a relatively short fiber, fabric made from noil is weaker and considered less valuable.
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A rolag is a roll of fiber generally used to spin woolen yarn. A rolag is created by first carding the fiber, using handcards, and then by gently rolling the fiber off of the cards. If properly prepared, a rolag will be uniform in width, distributing the fibers evenly.
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A roving is a long and narrow bundle of fiber with a twist to hold the fiber together. It is usually used to spin worsted yarn, but can be used to spin woolen yarn as well.
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A sliver (rhymes with diver) is a long bundle of fiber that is generally used to spin worsted yarn. A sliver is created by carding or combing the fiber, which is then drawn into long strips where the fiber is parallel.
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Staple is a term referring to fiber that comes in discrete and consistent lengths, measured in millimeters. It is often used in the phrase, "staple length" to describe exactly what lengths the fibers are on average.
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Tow is related to :
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- Textile: see tow
- Towing, the process of pulling or drawing behind a chain or line.
- Tow truck
- BGM-71 TOW, a US anti-tank missile
- The take off weight of an aircraft, see Maximum Take-Off Weight.
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Worsted is the name of a yarn, the cloth made from this yarn, as well as a yarn weight category. The name derives from the village of Worstead in the English county of Norfolk.
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Carding is the processing of brushing raw or washed fibers to prepare them as textiles. A large variety of fibers can be carded, anything from dog hair, to llama, to soy silk (a fiber made from soy beans). Cotton, wool and bast are probably the most common fibers to be carded.
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Combing is a method for preparing fiber for spinning by use of combs. The combs used have long metal teeth, and hardly resemble the comb used on hair. They are used in a similar fashion though, with one comb holding the fiber while the other is moved through, slowly transferring
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TPI (twists per inch or turns per inch) is a term used in the textile industry. It is the number of twists inserted to yarn per inch during the spinning process.
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distaff (also called a rock) is a tool used in spinning. It is designed to hold the unspun fibers, keeping them untangled and thus easing the spinning process. It is most commonly used to hold flax, and sometimes wool, but can be used for any type of fiber.
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spindle (sometimes called a drop spindle) is a wooden spike weighted at one end with a circular whorl; it may have an optional hook at either end of the spike. It is used for spinning wool and other fibers into thread.
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spinning wheel is a device for spinning thread or yarn from natural or man-made fibers, where spinning is the process of twisting fibers together to create yarn.
The first improvement in spinning technology was the spinning wheel, which was invented in India between 500 and
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The first improvement in spinning technology was the spinning wheel, which was invented in India between 500 and
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