Information about Womyn
| Feminism |
Concepts Movement Theory Film theory Economics Feminist sexology Women's rights Pro-feminism Anti-feminism History Women's history Feminist history History of feminism Suffrage Women's suffrage Timeline Suffragette New Zealand U.K. U.S. Waves of Feminism First Second Third Subtypes
Amazon Anarchist Black Chicana Christian Cultural Difference Eco Equity Equality Fat Gender Individualist Islamic Jewish Lesbian Liberal Marxist New Postcolonial Postmodern Pro-life Radical Religious Separatist Sex-positive Socialist Third world Trans Womanism By country or region Lists Feminists Literature Topics |
Background
The original meaning of the English word "man" (from Proto-Germanic mannaz, "person") and words derived therefrom was used as a designation for any or all human beings regardless of gender or age. This is the oldest usage of "man". In Old English the words wer and wyf (also wæpman and wifman) were used to refer to "a male" and "a female" respectively, and the word "man" was gender neutral. (This is still seen even today in certain words. For an example, there is the word "werewolf", which literally means man-wolf.) Later, in Middle English, "man" displaced wer as the term for male humans, whilst wyfman, which eventually evolved into "woman", was retained for female humans. Since then, the word "man" has been used to refer both to humanity as a whole (e.g., "") and to male humans.The earliest use of the term "womyn" attested in the Oxford English Dictionary is in the name of a 1975 "womyn's festival" mentioned in a lesbian publication.
Arguments for
Feminists who prefer to use these words feel that the terms "woman/women" relate to the historical and ongoing social subordination of women, since the word "man" is seen as an exclusively male term, implying that women are a subset of men, or a deviation from the norm. Those who argue in favour of the terms "womon/womyn" contend that they have the right to choose how a term referring to them is spelled, rather than be compelled to use words that evolved in what they see as a patriarchal society. Others further argue that "womyn" is based on a medieval spelling of the word, and that returning to the old model of waeman and wyfman meaning man and woman, respectively, would be more egalitarian. Feminists in favor of the modification argue that language is a powerful tool that shapes the way people perceive their surroundings, and even how they understand gender and gender roles (see Sapir-Whorf hypothesis). They also feel that the current form of the words does not value women. Therefore, some feminists see these changes as part of a movement to correct what they consider inherent biases in language.Criticisms against
Usage of "womyn" and related terms is essentially nonexistent outside of some segments of feminism. Opponents of it see it as unnecessary, and argue that it is based on a misinterpretation of the words "man"/"men" and "male." They cite the etymology of the terms "man" and "woman," and note that both the origin and current usage of the two words are already gender-neutral. Furthermore, since "womyn" and its related terms have not been accepted as standard English words, using these terminologies outside of the small circles that have universally adopted them will often be seen as grammatically incorrect or semantically meaningless. Subsequently, those who choose to use the terms will often be taken less seriously and credibly by serious academics and common people alike.Other opponents of the terms see the adjustments as an example of excessive political correctness. Still others note that, given that word etymology shows that the word "woman" is not sexist to begin with, unnecessarily eliminating "men" from it exhibits an anti-male gender bias or outright misandry. Further, many feminists themselves object to using "womyn," noting that it serves as an unnecessary distraction from what they consider more important feminist goals.
Cultural references
- James Finn Garner made frequent satirical use of the "womyn" spelling in his book Politically Correct Bedtime Stories.
- There was a 1995 episode of Beavis and Butt-head called Womyn where they find themselves at a feminist convention, thinking the word was spelled wrong by accident.
Notes
Further reading
Sol Steinmetz. “Womyn: The Evidence” American Speech, Vol. 70, No. 4 (Winter, 1995), pp. 429-437See also
- Feminism
- Non-sexist language
- Radical feminism
- Sexism
- Misogyny
- Misandry
- Gender-neutral pronoun
- Herstory
Sexual Identities | |
|---|---|
| Gender | Male Female Androgyny Boi Cisgender Gender identity Gender identity disorder Genderqueer Gender role Intersex Pangender Third gender Transgender Transman Transwoman Transsexualism |
| Sexual orientations | Bisexuality Heterosexuality Homosexuality Pansexuality Asexuality |
| Third genders | Fa'afafine Fakaleiti Hijra Kathoey Khanith Mukhannathun Muxe Sworn virgin Two-spirit |
| Other | Butch and femme Homosexuality and transgender Polyamory Swinging Queer Womyn Top / bottom |
Feminism is an ideology focusing on equality of the sexes.[1] Feminism comprises a number of social, cultural and political movements, theories and moral philosophies concerned with gender inequalities and discrimination against women.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
The feminist movement (also known as the Women's Movement or Women's Liberation) is a series of campaigns on issues such as reproductive rights (including abortion), domestic violence, maternity leave, equal pay, sexual harassment, and sexual violence.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Feminist theory is the extension of feminism into theoretical, or philosophical, ground. It encompasses work done in a broad variety of disciplines, prominently including the approaches to women's roles and lives and feminist politics in anthropology and sociology, economics,
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Feminist film theory is theoretical work within film criticism which is derived from feminist politics and feminist theory. Feminists have taken many different approaches to the analysis of cinema.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Feminist economics broadly refers to a developing branch of economics that applies feminist insights and critiques to economics. Research under this heading is often interdisciplinary, critical, or heterodox.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Feminist Sexology is an offshoot of traditional studies of sexology that focuses on the intersectionality of sex and gender in relation to the sexual lives of women. Feminist sexology shares many principles with the overarching field of sexology; in particular, it does not try to
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Women’s rights, as a term, typically refers to the freedoms inherently possessed by women and girls of all ages, which may be institutionalized, ignored or illegitimately suppressed by law, custom, and behavior in a particular society.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Pro-feminism refers to support of the cause of feminism without implying that the supporter is a member of the feminist movement. The term is most often used in reference to men who are actively supportive of feminism and of efforts to bring about gender equality.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Antifeminism is opposition to feminism in some or all of its forms.[1] It addresses a range of points either criticizing feminist ideology and practice or arguing that it be restrained.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Women's history is the history of female human beings.
..... Click the link for more information.
Rights and equality
Women's rights refers to the social and human rights of women. One of the first women's rights declaration was the "Declaration of Sentiments"...... Click the link for more information.
Feminist history refers to the re-reading and re-interpretation of history from a female perspective. It is not the same as the history of feminism, which outlines the origins and evolution of the feminist movement.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
The term women's suffrage refers to an economic and political reform movement aimed at extending suffrage — the right to vote — to women. The movement's origins are usually traced to the United States in the 1820s.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
1755 Corsica (rescinded upon annexation by France in 1769) 1756 colonial, Massachusetts, Lydia Taft, Uxbridge, Massachusetts town meeting 1776
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
suffragette (also occasionally spelled suffraget) was given to members of the women's suffrage movement, originally in the United Kingdom. The word was originally coined to describe a more radical faction of the suffrage movement in the UK, mainly members of the Women's
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Women's suffrage in New Zealand was an important political issue at the turn of the 19th century. Among self-governing countries still extant today, New Zealand was the first to give women the vote in national elections.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Suffragist is a more general term for members of the movement, whether radical or conservative, male or female. American women preferred this more inclusive title, but people in the United States who were hostile to suffrage for the American woman used the UK word.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
women's suffrage in the United States was a primary effort of those involved in the greater women's rights movement of the 19th century. Women's suffrage was permanently granted in 1920 with the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
First-wave feminism refers to a period of feminist activity during the nineteenth century and early twentieth century in the United Kingdom and the United States. It focused on de jure (officially mandated) inequalities, primarily on gaining the right of women's suffrage.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Second-wave feminism refers to a period of feminist activity which began during the early 1960s and lasted through the late 1980s.
..... Click the link for more information.
Overview
Second Wave Feminism is generally identified with a period beginning in the early nineteen sixties...... Click the link for more information.
- See also: and
..... Click the link for more information.
Amazon feminism is dedicated to the image of the female hero in fiction and in fact, as it is expressed in art and literature in the physiques and feats of female athletes, martial artists, and other powerfully built women, and in gender-related and sexual orientations.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Anarcha-feminism (also called anarchist feminism and anarcho-feminism) combines anarchism with feminism . It views patriarchy as a manifestation of hierarchy and thus a fundamental problem of society .
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Black feminism essentially argues that sexism and racism are inextricable from one another[1]. Forms of feminism that strive to overcome sexism and class oppression but ignore or minimize race can perpetuate racism and thereby contribute to the oppression of many
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Chicana feminism, also called Xicanisma, is a group of social theories that analyze the historical, social, political, and economic roles of Mexican American, Chicana, and Hispanic women in the United States. It is especially concerned with issues of gender.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Christian feminism, a branch of feminist theology, seeks to interpret and understand Christianity in the scope of the equality of men and women morally, socially, spiritually and in leadership.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Cultural feminism is the ideology of a female nature or female essence reappropriated by feminists themselves in an effort to revalidate undervalued female attributes. (Alcoff, 1988).
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Difference feminism is a philosophy that stresses that men and women are ontologically different versions of the human being. Many Catholics adhere to and have written on the philosophy, though the philosophy is not specifically Catholic.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Ecofeminism is a minor social and political movement which unites environmentalism and feminism[1], with some currents linking deep ecology and feminism.[2]
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Equity feminism and gender feminism are terms coined by Christina Hoff Sommers in her book Who Stole Feminism?.[]
..... Click the link for more information.
Equity feminism
Hoff Sommers describes Equity feminism as an ideology that aims for full civil and legal equality and distinguish it from..... Click the link for more information.
Equality feminism is a submovement of feminism. It is fundamentally at odds with difference feminism and expresses the crucial similarities between the 'male' and 'female' sexes.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
This article is copied from an article on Wikipedia.org - the free encyclopedia created and edited by online user community. The text was not checked or edited by anyone on our staff. Although the vast majority of the wikipedia encyclopedia articles provide accurate and timely information please do not assume the accuracy of any particular article. This article is distributed under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License.
Herod_Archelaus