Information about Wolf Tone
- For similar sounding terms, see wolf tone (disambiguation)
The even-tempered scale
In tuning, a wolf tone is one which is not perfectly aligned in the harmonic series. An octave is the interval between two notes the upper of which is exactly twice the frequency of the lower; dividing this interval into twelve cannot be done through a mathematical series without compromises. Modern instruments are tuned to even temperament, previously "just intonation" had been used.Stringed instruments
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On the cello, a wolf tone eliminator is typically placed on the G string between the bridge and the tailpiece.
Wolf tones are usually only noticed on bowed instruments, most notably the violin and surrounding family, since the tones produced are played for much longer periods, and thus are easier to hear. Frequently, the wolf is present on or in between the pitch E and F.
A wolf can be eliminated with a piece of equipment called a wolf tone eliminator. This is a metal tube and mounting screw with an interior rubber sleeve that fits around the offending string below the bridge. Different placements of this tube along the string influences or eliminates the frequency at which the wolf occurs. It is essentially an attenuator that cuts down on the odd reverberation.
An older device on cellos was a fifth string that could be tuned to the wolf frequency; fingering an octave above also attenuates the effect somewhat, as does the trick of squeezing with the knees.
Lou Harrison was said to have written a piece (evidently reworked as the second mvt. of the Suite for Cello and Harp) that exploited the wolf specific to Seymour Barab's new cello.
Brass instruments
Brass instruments use a standing wave of air which is amplified by the bore shape and bell flare to produce a note. The notes in the harmonic series are carefully tuned by the instrument designers, but most instruments will have some notes in the harmonic series which are slightly off pitch, and these are known as wolf tones. Wolf tone suggests:
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- A wolf tone, a spurious sound which can affect instruments of the violin family
- Theobald Wolfe Tone, an Irish republican
- The Wolfe Tones, an Irish band named after both the above
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Perfect octave
Inverse unison
Name
Other names -
Abbreviation P8
Size
Semitones 12
Interval class 0
Just interval 2:1
Cents
Equal temperament 1200
Just intonation 1200 In music, an octave
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Inverse unison
Name
Other names -
Abbreviation P8
Size
Semitones 12
Interval class 0
Just interval 2:1
Cents
Equal temperament 1200
Just intonation 1200 In music, an octave
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In music, just intonation is any musical tuning in which the frequencies of notes are related by ratios of whole numbers. Any interval tuned in this way is called a just interval; in other words, the two notes are members of the same harmonic series.
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A string instrument (or stringed instrument) is a musical instrument that produces sound by means of vibrating strings. In the Hornbostel-Sachs scheme of musical instrument classification, used in organology, they are called chordophones.
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- ''For the Anne Rice novel, see Violin (novel)
The violin is a bowed string instrument with four strings tuned in perfect fifths. It is the smallest and highest-pitched member of the violin family of string instruments, which also includes the viola and
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Lou Silver Harrison (May 14, 1917 – February 2, 2003) was an American composer. He was a student of Henry Cowell, Arnold Schoenberg, and K.R.T. Wasitodiningrat (Pak Cokro).
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violoncello, usually abbreviated to cello, or 'cello (the c is pronounced [tʃ] as in the ch of "check"), is a bowed stringed instrument, a member of the violin family.
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