Information about Wheal

A wheal is a firm, elevated, rounded or flat topped[1], generally pale red papule or plaque<ref name="stephen" />, that is evanescent, typically disappearing within 24-48[2] hours; a lesion that is well demarcated<ref name="goldman" />, and may be round, oval, gyrate, annular<ref name="stephen" /> or irregular/serpiginous with pseudopods. This dermatologic finding is due to the infiltration of edema into the papillary body of the dermis. Therefore, while the borders are sharp, they are not stable, and as this short-lived papillary edema shifts, each wheal transiently moves[3] from involved to adjacent uninvolved areas over a period of hours. Also note, while this finding is usually pale red, if the amount of edema is adequate to compresses superficial vessels, the wheal may have a white center.[4] The epidermis is not affected and there is no scaling.<ref name="fitz1" /> A rash consisting of wheals may be called a uticarial exanthem, or urticaria, and may be an allergic response to innumerable initiating agents such as drugs or insect bites. Wheals may also be produced with Darier's sign, and by stroking the skin of certain normal persons who demonstrate the phenomenon called dermatographism.<ref name="fitz1" />

Footnotes

1. ^ Goldman and Ausiello. Cecil Textbook of Medicine. Saunders. 2003. Page 2451. ISBN 072169652X.
2. ^ Stephen and Longo. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 15th Edition. McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing. 2001. Pages 95, 306. ISBN 0070072728.
3. ^ Habif, Thomas P. Clinical Dermatology: A Color Guide to Diagnosis and Therapy. Mosby, Inc. 2004. Page 825. ISBN 0323013198.
4. ^ Fitzpatrick, Thomas B, et al. Dermatology in General Medicine. McGraw-Hill. 1986. Pages 29-30. ISBN 9780070796898.
A papule is a small, solid and usually conical elevation of the skin. Papules do not contain pus, which distinguishes them from pustules. Papules often occur in clusters and can accompany rashes.

A condition that causes a papule is called a "Papulosis".
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Plaque or placque may refer to:
  • Commemorative plaque, a flat ornamental plate or tablet fixed to a wall, used to mark a significant event, person, etc.
  • Plaque (cooking), a solid, flat heating element often found in French kitchens.

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An evanescent wave is a nearfield standing wave exhibiting exponential decay with distance. Evanescent waves are always associated with matter, and are most intense within one-third wavelength from any acoustic, optical, or electromagnetic transducer.
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Urticaria
Classification & external resources

ICD-10 L 50.
ICD-9 708

DiseasesDB 13606

eMedicine emerg/628   Urticaria (or hives
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Darier's sign is a change observed after stroking the skin of a person with systemic mastocytosis or urticaria pigmentosa. In general, the skin becomes swollen, itchy and red. This is a result of compression of mast cells, which are hyperactive in these diseases.
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Dermatographic urticaria
Classification & external resources

Dermatographic urticaria is sometimes called "skin writing".
ICD-10 L 50.3
ICD-9 708.3

OMIM 125635
DiseasesDB 12736

eMedicine derm/446   Dermatographic urticaria
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