Information about Vasoconstrictor
A vasoconstrictor, also vasopressor or simply pressor, is any substance that acts to cause vasoconstriction (narrowing of the lumena of blood vessels) and usually results in an increase of the blood pressure. (The opposite process, vasodilation, is the opening of blood vessels. )
Many vasoconstrictors also cause pupil dilation.
Vasoconstriction also occurs in superficial blood vessels of warm-blooded animals when their ambient environment is cold; this process diverts the flow of heated blood to the center of the animal, preventing the loss of heat.
Many vasoconstrictors also cause pupil dilation.
Uses
Vasoconstrictors are used in medicine to treat hypotension and as topical decongestants.Mechanism
Many vasoconstrictors act on specific receptors, such as vasopressin receptors or adrenoreceptors.Causes
Vasoconstrictors are also used clinically to increase blood pressure or to reduce local blood flow. Exposure to moderately high levels of stress also induces vasoconstriction.Vasoconstriction also occurs in superficial blood vessels of warm-blooded animals when their ambient environment is cold; this process diverts the flow of heated blood to the center of the animal, preventing the loss of heat.
Examples of vasoconstrictors
Vasoconstrictors include systemic and topical. For example, pseudoephedrine is available systemic (i.e. orally ingested tablets like Sudafed), and topical (such as nose sprays like phenylephrine Neo-synephrine, and eye drops for pupil dilation purposes)- Adenosine triphosphate
- Amphetamines
- Antihistamines
- Asymmetric dimethylarginine
- Bright light
- Catecholamines
- Cocaine
- Cold (water, air, etc.)
- Decongestants
- Elevated sound levels
- Endothelin
- Ergine
- LSD
- Methylphenidate
- Neuropeptide Y
- Norepinephrine
- Phenylephrine
- Pseudoephedrine
- Psilocybin
- Stimulants
- Tetrahydrozoline hydrochloride (in eye drops)
- Thromboxane
See also
- Addison's disease
- Inotrope
- Hypotension
- Nitric oxide
- Pheochromocytoma
- Shock
- Vasodilation
- Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome
External links
- Definition of Vasoconstriction on HealthScout
- Cannabis arteritis revisited--ten new case reports
- Are coronary heart disease and peripheral arterial disease associated with tobacco or cannabis consumption
- Vasoconstrictor effects of Cannabis appear to inhibit Migraine (headache) attacks
A lumen (pl. lumina) is an inner space, lining or cavity.
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- The interior of a vessel within the body, such as the small central space in an artery or vein, or any of their relating vessels through which blood flows.
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The blood vessels are part of the cardiovascular system and function to transport blood throughout the body. The most important types, arteries and veins, carry blood away from or towards the heart, respectively.
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Blood pressure (strictly speaking: vascular pressure) refers to the force exerted by circulating blood on the walls of blood vessels, and constitutes one of the principal vital signs.
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A vasodilator is a drug or chemical that relaxes the smooth muscle in blood vessels, which causes them to dilate. Dilation of arterial blood vessels (mainly arterioles) lead to a decrease in blood pressure.
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Mydriasis
Classification & external resources
An abnormally dilated pupil.
ICD-10 H 57.0
ICD-9 379.43
OMIM 159420 159410 106240
DiseasesDB 8603
Mydriasis is an excessive dilation of the pupil due to disease or drugs.
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Classification & external resources
An abnormally dilated pupil.
ICD-10 H 57.0
ICD-9 379.43
OMIM 159420 159410 106240
DiseasesDB 8603
Mydriasis is an excessive dilation of the pupil due to disease or drugs.
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MeSH D007022
In physiology and medicine, hypotension refers to an abnormally low blood pressure. This is best understood as a physiologic state, rather than a disease. It is often associated with shock, though not necessarily indicative of it.
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In physiology and medicine, hypotension refers to an abnormally low blood pressure. This is best understood as a physiologic state, rather than a disease. It is often associated with shock, though not necessarily indicative of it.
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Topical decongestants are decongestants applied directly to the nasal cavity. By applying them directly to the site of action, topical decongestants relieve nasal congestion while reducing the side effects associated with systemically-acting decongestants, such as high blood
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Arginine vasopressin (AVP), also known as argipressin or antidiuretic hormone (ADH), is a hormone found in most mammals, including humans. One of its most important roles is to regulate the body's retention of water, being released when the body is
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Catecholamines are chemical compounds derived from the amino acid tyrosine containing catechol and amine groups. Some of them are biogenic amines. Catecholamines are water soluble and are 50% bound to plasma proteins, so they circulate in the bloodstream.
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Blood pressure (strictly speaking: vascular pressure) refers to the force exerted by circulating blood on the walls of blood vessels, and constitutes one of the principal vital signs.
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Please help recruit one or [ improve this article] yourself. See the talk page for details.
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Please help recruit one or [ improve this article] yourself. See the talk page for details.
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Warm-blooded animals maintain thermal homeostasis; that is, they keep their body temperature at a constant level. This involves the ability to cool down or produce more body heat. Warm-blooded animals mainly control their body temperature by regulating their metabolic rates (e.g.
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Pseudoephedrine (commonly abbreviated as PSE) is a sympathomimetic amine commonly used as a decongestant. The salts pseudoephedrine hydrochloride and pseudoephedrine sulfate
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Sudafed is a brand name and registered trademark for a family of over-the-counter (OTC) decongestants manufactured by Pfizer Inc. for sale in the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia and Canada.
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Mydriasis
Classification & external resources
An abnormally dilated pupil.
ICD-10 H 57.0
ICD-9 379.43
OMIM 159420 159410 106240
DiseasesDB 8603
Mydriasis is an excessive dilation of the pupil due to disease or drugs.
..... Click the link for more information.
Classification & external resources
An abnormally dilated pupil.
ICD-10 H 57.0
ICD-9 379.43
OMIM 159420 159410 106240
DiseasesDB 8603
Mydriasis is an excessive dilation of the pupil due to disease or drugs.
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Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) is a multifunctional nucleotide that is most important as a "molecular currency" of intracellular energy transfer. In this role, ATP transports chemical energy within cells for metabolism.
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Amphetamine or Amfetamine(Alpha-Methyl-PHenEThylAMINE), also known as beta-phenyl-isopropylamine and benzedrine, is a prescription stimulant commonly used to treat Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults and children.
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This article or section may be confusing or unclear for some readers.
Please [improve the article] or discuss this issue on the talk page. This article has been tagged since September 2007.
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Please [improve the article] or discuss this issue on the talk page. This article has been tagged since September 2007.
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Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is a naturally occurring chemical found in blood plasma. It is a metabolic by-product of continual protein modification processes in the cytoplasm of all human cells. It is closely related to L-arginine, a conditionally-essential amino acid.
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Over-illumination is the presence of lighting intensity (illuminance) beyond that required for a specified activity. Over-illumination was commonly ignored between 1950 and 1995,[2]
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Catecholamines are chemical compounds derived from the amino acid tyrosine containing catechol and amine groups. Some of them are biogenic amines. Catecholamines are water soluble and are 50% bound to plasma proteins, so they circulate in the bloodstream.
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A decongestant is a broad class of medications used to relieve nasal congestion. Generally, they work by reducing swelling of the mucous membranes in the nasal passages.
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Mechanism
Most decongestants cause response from adrenoreceptor a1..... Click the link for more information.
Noise health effects, the collection of health consequences of elevated sound levels, constitute one of the most widespread public health threats in industrialized countries. Roadway noise is the main source of environmental noise exposure.
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Identifiers
Symbol EDN2
Entrez 1907
HUGO 3177
OMIM 131241
RefSeq NM_001956
UniProt P20800
Other data
Locus Chr. 1 p34 Endothelin is a 21-amino acid vasoconstricting peptide that plays a key part in vascular homeostasis.
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Symbol EDN2
Entrez 1907
HUGO 3177
OMIM 131241
RefSeq NM_001956
UniProt P20800
Other data
Locus Chr. 1 p34 Endothelin is a 21-amino acid vasoconstricting peptide that plays a key part in vascular homeostasis.
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LSA, also known as d-lysergic acid amide, d-lysergamide, ergine, and LA-111, is an alkaloid of the ergoline family that occurs in various species of vines of the Convolvulaceae and some species of fungi.
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Lysergic acid diethylamide, LSD, LSD-25, or acid, is a semisynthetic psychedelic drug of the tryptamine family. Probably the best known psychedelic, it has been used mainly as; a recreational drug, an entheogen, and a tool to aid various methods for
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Indicated for:
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- ADD
- ADHD
- narcolepsy
- Stimulant / "Speed" / "Uppers"
- treatment-resistant depression
- appetite suppressant
- antidepressant augmentation
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Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a 36 amino acid peptide neurotransmitter found in the brain and autonomic nervous system. It augments the vasoconstrictor effects of noradrenergic neurons.
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Norepinephrine (INN)(abbr. norepi or NE) or noradrenaline (BAN) is a catecholamine and a phenethylamine with chemical formula C8H11NO3. The natural stereoisomer is L -(−)-(R)-norepinephrine.
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Phenylephrine or Neo-Synephrine is an α-adrenergic receptor agonist used primarily as a decongestant, as an agent to dilate the pupil and to increase blood pressure. Phenylephrine has recently been marketed as a substitute for pseudoephedrine, (e.g.
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