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Information about Tympanic Nerve

Nerve:
Plan of upper portions of glossopharyngeal, vagus, and accessory nerves. (Tympanic nerve visible in upper right.)
Latinnervus tympanicus
subject #204 910
Totympanic plexus
Dorlands/Elsevier n_05/12566985
The tympanic nerve (nerve of Jacobson) arises from the petrous ganglion, and ascends to the tympanic cavity through a small canal on the under surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone on the ridge which separates the carotid canal from the jugular fossa.

In the tympanic cavity it divides into branches which form the tympanic plexus and are contained in grooves upon the surface of the promontory.

Jacobson's nerve contains both sensory and secretory fibers.
  • Sensory fibers supply the middle ear and parasympathetic secretory fibers serve the parotid gland.
  • The secretory fibers enter the otic ganglion.
The postganglionic parasympatheticfibers are then distributed via the auriculotemporal nerve (branch of the trigeminal nerve) to the parotid gland.

Additional images


Sympathetic connections of the otic and superior cervical ganglia.


External links

This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. As such, some of the information contained herein may be outdated. Please edit the article if this is the case, and feel free to remove this notice when it is no longer relevant.

 •  • [ e]
Nerves of head and neck: the cranial nerves
I-IVolfactory • optic • oculomotor (superior branch, inferior branch) • trochlear
V: trigeminaltrigeminal ganglion • ophthalmic • maxillary • mandibular
VI: abducensno significant branches
VII: facialnervus intermedius • geniculate • inside facial canal (greater petrosal, nerve to the stapedius, chorda tympani) • at exit from stylomastoid foramen (posterior auricular, digastric • stylohyoid) • on face (temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular, cervical)
VIII: vestibulocochlearcochlear (striae medullares, lateral lemniscus) • vestibular (Scarpa's ganglion)
IX: glossopharyngealnucleus ambiguus • ganglia (superior, petrous) • tympanic (tympanic plexus, lesser petrosal) • carotid sinus • pharyngeal branches • pharyngeal plexus
X: vagusganglia (jugular, nodose) • Alderman's nerve • in the neck (pharyngeal branch, superior laryngeal ext and int, recurrent laryngeal) • in the thorax (pulmonary branches, esophageal plexus) • in the abdomen (gastric plexuses, celiac plexus, gastric plexus)
XI-XIIaccessory • hypoglossal
The glossopharyngeal nerve is the ninth of twelve pairs of cranial nerves. It exits the brainstem out from the sides of the upper medulla, just rostral (closer to the nose) to the vagus nerve.
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The vagus nerve (also called pneumogastric nerve or cranial nerve X) is the tenth of twelve paired cranial nerves, and is the only nerve that starts in the brainstem (within the medulla oblongata) and extends, through the jugular foramen, down below the head, to the
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In anatomy, the accessory nerve is a nerve that controls specific muscles of the neck. As a part of it is traditionally believed to originate in the brain, it is considered a cranial nerve.
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Latin}}} 
Official status
Official language of: Vatican City
Used for official purposes, but not spoken in everyday speech
Regulated by: Opus Fundatum Latinitas
Roman Catholic Church
Language codes
ISO 639-1: la
ISO 639-2: lat
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In the tympanic cavity the tympanic nerve divides into branches which form the tympanic plexus and are contained in grooves upon the surface of the promontory.

This plexus gives off:
  • (1) the lesser superficial petrosal nerve

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Elsevier, the world's largest publisher of medical and scientific literature, forms part of the Reed Elsevier group. Based in Amsterdam, the company has substantial operations in the UK, USA and elsewhere.
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The inferior ganglion of the glossopharyngeal nerve (petrous ganglion) is larger than the superior ganglion and is situated in a depression in the lower border of the petrous portion of the temporal bone.
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The tympanic cavity is a small cavity surrounding the bones of the middle ear.

It is formed from the tubotympanic sulcus, an expansion of the first pharyngeal pouch.
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The temporal bones are situated at the sides and base of the skull.

The temporal bone supports that part of the face known as the temple.

Parts

Each consists of five parts:
  • Squama temporalis
  • Mastoid portion
  • Petrous portion
  • Tympanic part

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carotid canal, which ascends at first vertically, and then, making a bend, runs horizontally forward and medialward; it transmits into the cranium the internal carotid artery, and the carotid plexus of nerves.

Sympathetics to the head also pass through the carotid canal.
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The jugular fossa is a deep depression in the inferior part of the base of the skull. More specifically, it is located in the temporal bone, behind the openings for the carotid canal and the aquæductus cochleæ.
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In the tympanic cavity the tympanic nerve divides into branches which form the tympanic plexus and are contained in grooves upon the surface of the promontory.

This plexus gives off:
  • (1) the lesser superficial petrosal nerve

..... Click the link for more information.
The otic ganglion is a small, ovalshaped, flattened parasympathetic ganglion of a reddish-gray color, located immediately below the foramen ovale.

Location and relations


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postganglionic fibers.

Neurotransmitters

The neurotransmitters used for postganglionic fibers differ:
  • In the parasympathetic division, they are cholinergic (that is, they use acetylcholine as their neurotransmitters.

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parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) is one of three divisions of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). The ANS -a subdivision of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)- is subdivided into the sympathetic (SNS), parasympathetic (PSNS) and enteric (bowels) nervous system (ENS).
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The auriculotemporal nerve is a branch of the mandibular nerve that runs with the superficial temporal artery and vein, and provides sensory innervation to various regions on the side of the head.
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The trigeminal nerve (the fifth cranial nerve, also called the fifth nerve or simply V) is responsible for sensation in the face. It is similar to the spinal nerves C2–S5, which are responsible for sensation in the rest of the body.
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For the toad wart, see parotoid gland.

The parotid gland is the largest of the salivary glands. It is found wrapped around the mandibular ramus, and it secretes saliva through Stensen's duct into the oral cavity, to facilitate mastication and swallowing.
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eMedicine is an online clinical medical knowledge base that was founded in 1996 by Scott Plantz and Richard Lavely, two medical doctors. It was sold to WebMD in January 2006.
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Georgetown University is a private, Jesuit, research university, located in Washington, D.C.'s Georgetown neighborhood. Father John Carroll founded the school in 1789, though its roots extend back to 1634.
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Public domain comprises the body of knowledge and innovation (especially creative works such as writing, art, music, and inventions) in relation to which no person or other legal entity can establish or maintain proprietary interests within a particular legal jurisdiction.
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Henry Gray's Anatomy of the Human Body (or Gray's Anatomy as it has commonly been shortened) is an English-language human anatomy textbook widely regarded as a classic work on the subject.
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A nerve is an enclosed, cable-like bundle of axons (the long, slender projection of a neuron). Neurons are sometimes called nerve cells, though this term is technically imprecise since many neurons do not form nerves, and nerves also include the glial cells that
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Head and neck anatomy focuses on the structures of the head and neck of the human body, including the brain, bones, muscles, blood vessels, nerves, glands, nose, mouth, teeth, tongue, and throat.
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Cranial nerves are nerves that emerge directly from the brain in contrast to spinal nerves which emerge from segments of the spinal cord. Although thirteen cranial nerves in humans fit this description, twelve are conventionally recognized.
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The olfactory nerve, or cranial nerve I, is the first of twelve cranial nerves. The specialized olfactory receptor neurons of the olfactory nerve are located in the olfactory mucosa of the upper parts of the nasal cavity.
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Optic Nerve may be a reference to:
  • Optic nerve, the anatomical structure;
  • Optic Nerve (comic), the comic book series;
  • Optic Nerve (1998), the seminal release from the Irish hip hop act known as Exile Eye; or

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The oculomotor nerve is the third of twelve paired cranial nerves. It controls most of the eye movements (cranial nerves IV and VI also do some), constriction of the pupil, and holding the eyelid open.
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The superior branch of the oculomotor nerve or the superior division, the smaller, passes medialward over the optic nerve.

It supplies the Superior rectus and Levator palpebrae superioris.
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The inferior branch of the oculomotor nerve or the inferior division, the larger, divides into three branches.
  • One passes beneath the optic nerve to the medial rectus.
  • Another, to the inferior rectus.

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