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Information about True Parrots

For other uses, see Parrot (disambiguation).
True parrots
Enlarge picture
Blue-and-gold Macaws

Scientific classification
Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Aves
Order:Psittaciformes
Family:Psittacidae
Illiger, 1811
Subfamily
Loriinae (lories and lorikeets)
Psittacinae (typical parrots and allies)


The true parrots are about 330 species of bird belonging to the Psittacidae family, one of the two families in the biological order Psittaciformes (parrots). The other family is the Cacatuidae (cockatoos) which are also parrots, but not classified as true parrots. True parrots are more widespread than cockatoos, with species in the Americas, Africa, Asia, Australia and eastwards across the Pacific Ocean as far as Polynesia.

The true parrot family is composed of two sub-familes, the Psittacinae (typical parrots and allies) and the Loriinae (Lories and lorikeets); however, there are other systems of classification and these two groups are sometimes ascribed full family status, being called Psittacidae and Loriidae.

Like most parrots the Psittacidae are primarily seed eaters. There is some variation in the diet of individual species, with fruits, nuts, leaves and even insects and other animal prey being taken on occasion by some species. The lorikeets are predominately nectar feeders; many other parrots will drink nectar as well. Most Psittacidae are cavity nesting birds which form monogamous pair bonds.

Phylogeny

Further information: Parrot
The order Psittaciformes (parrots) contains two families of parrots, the cockatoos and the true parrots.

Image gallery


Black-hooded Parakeet or Nanday Conure, a popular South American species.

Chestnut-fronted Macaws Mealy Amazons and Dusky-headed Conures at a clay lick in Ecuador

Puerto Rican Amazons at nesting site

Senegal Parrots

Rose-ringed Parakeet, a common species in Africa and Asia and feral in Europe.

The Red-crowned Parakeet of New Zealand

The Pale-headed Rosella of Australia

The Kea of New Zealand

The Musk Lorikeet of Ausralia

Yellow-streaked Lory of New Guinea

Blue-fronted Amazon parrot

The Budgerigar of Australia


Species lists

Books

  • Bruce Thomas Boehner - Parrot Culture. Our 2,500-year-Long Fascination with the World's Most Talkative Bird (2004)

External links

Parrot can refer to:
  • Parrots (psittacines), any of about 353 species of bird belonging to the biological order Psittaciformes, which includes
  • True parrots
  • Cockatoos

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A. ararauna

Binomial name
Ara ararauna
(Linnaeus, 1758)

The Blue-and-yellow Macaw (Ara ararauna), also known as the Blue-and-gold Macaw
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Scientific classification or biological classification is a method by which biologists group and categorize species of organisms. Scientific classification also can be called scientific taxonomy, but should be distinguished from folk taxonomy, which lacks scientific basis.
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Chordata
Bateson, 1885

Typical Classes

See below

Chordates (phylum Chordata) are a group of animals that includes the vertebrates, together with several closely related invertebrates.
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Aves
Linnaeus, 1758

Orders

About two dozen - see section below

Birds (class Aves) are bipedal, warm-blooded, egg-laying vertebrate animals.
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Psittaciformes
Wagler, 1830

Systematics

(but see below)

Family Cacatuidae (cockatoos)
  • Subfamily Microglossinae (Palm Cockatoo)
  • Subfamily Calyptorhynchinae (dark cockatoos)
  • Subfamily Cacatuinae (white cockatoos)

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Johann Karl Wilhelm Illiger (November 19, 1775 - May 1813) was a German entomologist and zoologist.

Illiger was the son of a merchant in Brunswick. He studied under the entomologist Johann Hellwig, and later worked on the zoological collections of Johann Centurius
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Loriinae
Selby, 1836

Genera

Chalcopsitta
Eos
Pseudeos
Trichoglossus
Lorius
Phigys
Vini
Glossopsitta
Charmosyna
Oreopsittacus

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Psittacinae

Tribes

Psittrichadini (Pesquet's Parrot)
Nestorini (Kea and relatives)
Strigopini (Kakapo)
Micropsittini (Pygmy parrots)
Cyclopsitticini (Fig parrots)
Platycercini (Broad-tailed parrots)
Psittaculini (Asian psittacines)
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family (Latin: familia, plural familiae) is a rank, or a taxon in that rank. Exact details of formal nomenclature depend on the Nomenclature Code which applies.
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order (Latin: ordo, plural ordines) is a rank between class and family (termed a taxon at that rank). The superorder is a rank between class and order. Exact details of formal nomenclature depend on the Nomenclature Code which applies.
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Psittaciformes
Wagler, 1830

Systematics

(but see below)

Family Cacatuidae (cockatoos)
  • Subfamily Microglossinae (Palm Cockatoo)
  • Subfamily Calyptorhynchinae (dark cockatoos)
  • Subfamily Cacatuinae (white cockatoos)

..... Click the link for more information.
Cacatuidae
GR Gray, 1840

Subfamily

Microglossinae
Calyptorhynchinae
Cacatuinae

A cockatoo is any of the 21 bird species belonging to the family Cacatuidae.
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Psittaciformes
Wagler, 1830

Systematics

(but see below)

Family Cacatuidae (cockatoos)
  • Subfamily Microglossinae (Palm Cockatoo)
  • Subfamily Calyptorhynchinae (dark cockatoos)
  • Subfamily Cacatuinae (white cockatoos)

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Americas are the lands of the Western hemisphere or New World consisting of the continents of North America[1] and South America with their associated islands and regions. The Americas cover 8.3% of the Earth's total surface area (28.
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Africa is the world's second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. At about 30,221,532 km² (11,668,545 sq mi) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area, and 20.4% of the total land area.
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Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent. It covers 8.6% of the Earth's total surface area (or 29.4% of its land area) and, with almost 4 billion people, it contains more than 60% of the world's current human population.
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Anthem
Advance Australia Fair [1]


Capital Canberra

Largest city Sydney
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Earth's oceans
(World Ocean)
  • Arctic Ocean
  • Atlantic Ocean
  • Indian Ocean
  • Pacific Ocean
  • Southern Ocean


The Pacific Ocean (from the Latin name Mare Pacificum
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Polynesia (from Greek: πολύς many, νῆσος island) is a subregion of Oceania, comprising a large grouping of over 1,000 islands scattered over the central and southern Pacific Ocean.
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Psittacinae

Tribes

Psittrichadini (Pesquet's Parrot)
Nestorini (Kea and relatives)
Strigopini (Kakapo)
Micropsittini (Pygmy parrots)
Cyclopsitticini (Fig parrots)
Platycercini (Broad-tailed parrots)
Psittaculini (Asian psittacines)
..... Click the link for more information.
Loriinae
Selby, 1836

Genera

Chalcopsitta
Eos
Pseudeos
Trichoglossus
Lorius
Phigys
Vini
Glossopsitta
Charmosyna
Oreopsittacus

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Nectar is a sugar-rich liquid produced by plants. It is produced either by the flowers, in which it attracts pollinating animals or by or extrafloral nectaries, which provide a nutrient source to animal mutualists providing anti-herbivore protection.
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Psittaciformes
Wagler, 1830

Systematics

(but see below)

Family Cacatuidae (cockatoos)
  • Subfamily Microglossinae (Palm Cockatoo)
  • Subfamily Calyptorhynchinae (dark cockatoos)
  • Subfamily Cacatuinae (white cockatoos)

..... Click the link for more information.
Loriinae
Selby, 1836

Genera

Chalcopsitta
Eos
Pseudeos
Trichoglossus
Lorius
Phigys
Vini
Glossopsitta
Charmosyna
Oreopsittacus

..... Click the link for more information.
Psittacinae

Tribes

Psittrichadini (Pesquet's Parrot)
Nestorini (Kea and relatives)
Strigopini (Kakapo)
Micropsittini (Pygmy parrots)
Cyclopsitticini (Fig parrots)
Platycercini (Broad-tailed parrots)
Psittaculini (Asian psittacines)
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Arini

Genera

c.32, see list

The Neotropical parrots (tribe Arini, sometimes subfamily Arinae) belong to the family of the true parrots Psittacidae. Some species have become extinct in recent centuries.
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Cyclopsitticini

Genera

Cyclopsitta
Psittaculirostris
Bolbopsittacus

Cyclopsitticini are a tribe of parrots of the Psittacidae family. The subdivisions within the tribe are controversial.
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Micropsittini

Genus: Micropsitta (Pygmy Parrots)
Lesson, 1831

Species

Micropsitta pusio
Micropsitta keiensis
Micropsitta geelvinkiana
Micropsitta meeki

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