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Information about Transceiver

A transceiver is a device that has both a transmitter and a receiver which are combined and share common circuitry or a single housing. If no circuitry is common between transmit and receive functions, the device is a transmitter-receiver. The term originated in the early 1920s. Technically, transceivers must combine a significant amount of the transmitter and receiver handling circuitry. Similar devices include transponders, transverters, and repeaters.

Transceivers are called Medium Attachment Units (MAUs) in IEEE 802.3 documents.

Computer networks

Transceivers known as Medium Attachment Units were widely used in 10base2 and 10base5 Ethernet networks. Fibre-optic gigabit and 10 gigabit Ethernet utilize transceivers known as GBIC, SFP, XFP and XAUI.

Radio technology

Main article: Two-way radio
In radio terminology, a transceiver means a unit which contains both a receiver and a transmitter. It was quite common to have these units separated. Ham radio operators can build their own equipment and it is always easier to design and build a simple unit having one of the functions, transmitting or receiving. Almost every modern amateur radio equipment is now a transceiver but there is an active market for pure radio receivers, mainly for Shortwave listening operators. An example of a transceiver would be a walkie-talkie, or a CB radio.

Telephony

On a wired telephone, the handset contains the transmitter and receiver for the audio. The whole unit is colloquially referred to as a "receiver." On a mobile telephone or other radiotelephone, the entire unit is a transceiver, for both audio and radio.

A cordless telephone uses an audio and radio transceiver for the handset, and a radio transceiver for the base station. If a speakerphone is included in a wired telephone base or in a cordless base station (less common), the base also becomes an audio transceiver in addition to the handset.

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External articles

Patents
General
transmitter (sometimes abbreviated XMTR) is an electronic device which with the aid of an antenna propagates an electromagnetic signal such as radio, television, or other telecommunications.
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A radio receiver is an electronic circuit that receives its input from an antenna, uses electronic filters to separate a wanted radio signal from all other signals picked up by this antenna, amplifies it to a level suitable for further processing, and finally converts through
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An electronic circuit is an electrical circuit that also contains active electronic devices such as transistors or vacuum tubes. They can display highly complex behaviors, even though they are governed by the same laws as simple electrical circuits.
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transponder (short-for Transmitter-responder and sometimes abbreviated to XPDR, XPNDR or TPDR) has the following meanings:
  • An automatic device that receives, amplifies, and retransmits a signal on a different frequency (see also broadcast translator).

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A transverter is a radio frequency device that consists of an upconverter and a downconverter in one unit. Transverters are used in conjunction with transceivers to change the range of frequencies over which the transceiver can communicate.
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A repeater is an electronic device that receives a signal and retransmits it at a higher level or higher power, or onto the other side of an obstruction, so that the signal can cover longer distances without degradation.
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A transmission medium (plural transmission media) is a material substance (solid, liquid or gas) which can propagate energy waves. For example, the transmission medium for sound received by the ears is usually air, but solids and liquids may also act as transmission media
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MAU is an acronym for Medium Attachment Unit which converts signals on an Ethernet cable to and from AUI signals.

On original 10base5 (Thick) Ethernet, the MAU was typically clamped to the Ethernet cable.
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IEEE 802.3 is a collection of IEEE standards defining the Physical Layer and the media access control (MAC) sublayer of the data link layer of wired Ethernet. This is generally a LAN technology with some WAN applications.
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MAU is an acronym for Medium Attachment Unit which converts signals on an Ethernet cable to and from AUI signals.

On original 10base5 (Thick) Ethernet, the MAU was typically clamped to the Ethernet cable.
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10BASE2 (also known as cheapernet, thin ethernet, thinnet or thinwire) is a variant of Ethernet that uses thin coaxial cable (RG-58 or similar, as opposed to the thicker RG-8 cable used in 10BASE5 networks), terminated with
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10BASE5 (also known as thicknet) is the original "full spec" variant of Ethernet cable, using special cable similar to RG-8/U coaxial cable. This is a stiff, 0.375 inch (approx. 9.
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Ethernet is a family of frame-based computer networking technologies for local area networks (LANs). The name comes from the physical concept of the ether. It defines a number of wiring and signaling standards for the physical layer, through means of network access at the Media
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An optical fiber (or fibre) is a glass or plastic fiber designed to guide light along its length. Fiber optics is the overlap of applied science and engineering concerned with such optical fibers.
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Gigabit Ethernet (GbE or 1 GigE) is a term describing various technologies for transmitting Ethernet frames at a rate of a gigabit per second, as defined by the IEEE 802.3-2005 standard.
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10 gigabit Ethernet or 10GbE or 10 GigE is the most recent (as of 2006) and fastest of the Ethernet standards. It defines a version of Ethernet with a nominal data rate of 10 Gbit/s, ten times as fast as gigabit Ethernet.
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gigabit interface converter (GBIC) is a standard for transceivers, commonly used with Gigabit Ethernet and fibre channel. By offering a standard, hot swappable electrical interface, one gigabit ethernet port can support a wide range of physical media, from copper to
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small form-factor pluggable (SFP) is a compact optical transceiver used in optical communications for both telecommunication and data communications applications. It interfaces a network device mother board (for a switch, router or similar device) to a fiber optic or
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XAUI (a concatenation of the Roman numeral X, meaning ten, and the initials of "Attachment Unit Interface") is a standard for connecting 10 Gigabit Ethernet (10GbE) ports to each other and to other electronic devices on a printed circuit board. It is designed to the IEEE 802.
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A two-way radio is a radio that can both transmit and receive (a transceiver), unlike a broadcast receiver which only receives content one way. A push-to-talk or (Press To Transmit) button is often present to activate the transmitter.
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Radio is the wireless transmission of signals, by modulation of electromagnetic waves with frequencies below those of visible light. Electromagnetic radiation travels by means of oscillating electromagnetic fields that pass through the air and the vacuum of space.
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Amateur radio, often called ham radio, is both a hobby and a service that uses various types of radio communications equipment to communicate with other radio amateurs for public service, recreation and self-training.
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Shortwave listening is the hobby of listening to shortwave radio broadcasts. Shortwave listeners, or SWLs, do not transmit, in contrast to amateur radio operators.

Medium quality shortwave units tend to be relatively inexpensive and easily accessible.
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walkie-talkie (more formally known as a handheld transceiver) is a hand-held portable, two-way radio transceiver. The first walkie-talkies were developed for military use during World War II, and spread to public safety and eventually commercial and jobsite work after the
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Citizens' Band radio (CB) is, in most countries, a system of short-distance, simplex[1] radio communications between individuals on a selection of 40 channels within the 27 MHz (11 meter) band.
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The telephone is a telecommunications device which is used to transmit and receive sound (most commonly speech). Most telephones operate through transmission of electric signals over a complex telephone network which allows almost any phone user to communicate with almost anyone.
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Sound recording and reproduction is the electrical or mechanical inscription and re-creation of sound waves, usually used for the voice or for music.

The two main classes of sound recording technology are analog recording and digital recording.
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mobile phone or cell phone is a long-range, portable electronic device used for mobile communication. In addition to the standard voice function of a telephone, current mobile phones can support many additional services such as SMS for text messaging, email, packet switching
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A radiotelephone is a communications device that allows two or more people to talk using radio. There is disagreement about the definition of the term. There is a conflict between British English usage, American English usage, and historic use.
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A cordless telephone or portable telephone is a telephone with a wireless handset which communicates via radio waves with a base station connected to a fixed telephone line (POTS) and can only be operated near (typically within 100 meters or 328 ft from) its base station
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