Information about Ternary Name

In botanical nomenclature, the ICBN prescribes a "three part name" (ternary name) for any taxon below the rank of species. The ranks below that of species explicitly allowed in the ICBN are
  • subspecies (subspecies) - recommended abbreviation: subsp., but "ssp." is also in use
  • varietas (variety) - recommended abbreviation: var.
  • subvarietas (subvariety) - recommended abbreviation: subvar.
  • forma (form) - recommended abbreviation: f.
  • subforma (subforma) - recommended abbreviation: subf.
Such a taxon is called an infraspecific taxon. Its name consists of three parts:
a genus name, a specific epithet and an infraspecific epithet.


A connecting term should be placed before the infraspecific epithet to indicate the rank. It is customary to italicize all three part of a ternary name. For example:
  • Acanthocalycium klimpelianum var. macranthum
  • Astrophytum myriostigma subvar. glabrum Backeb.
The publishing author(s) of the name may (or may not) be indicated after the infraspecific epithet (except in case of an autonym). In addition publishing author(s) may be indicated after the specific epithet. A full citation would also include details of where the name was published (and possible further details).

Examples

  • Adenia aculeata subsp. inermis de Wilde
Identifying de Wilde as the author who published this name. Note that here it was decided not to indicate authority for the species
  • Pinus nigra var. pallasiana (Lambert) Asch. & Graebn.
Here, Lambert published the epithet in a name at the rank of species (Pinus pallasiana) and the taxon was subsequently reduced to a variety of Pinus nigra subsp. nigra.
  • Pinus nigra J.F.Arnold subsp. salzmannii (Dunal) Franco
Here, J.F.Arnold is the author who gave the species, European black pine, its botanical name; Dunal is the author who published Pinus salzmanii being the first to use the epithet salzmannii for this taxon; Franco is the author who reduced the taxon to a subspecies in Pinus nigra


Sometimes a listing will include more than three parts, but this is not a botanical name, but a classification. The zoological equivalent of a ternary name is a trinominal name or trinomen.
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subvariety (subvarietas) is a taxon at a rank below that of variety (varietas) but above that of form (forma): it is an infraspecific taxon. Its name consists of three parts: a genus name, a specific epithet and an infraspecific epithet.
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In botanical nomenclature, a form (forma) is a taxon at a rank below that of variety; it is an infraspecific taxon. Its name consists of three parts: a genus name, a specific epithet, and an infraspecific epithet. The abbreviation "f.
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In botanical nomenclature (which also covers fungi), autonyms are automatically-created names. They apply only to taxa resulting from the subdivision of a genus (Article 22 of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature) or of a species (Article 26), and therefore only to
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P. nigra

Binomial name
Pinus nigra
J.F.Arnold

The European Black Pine Pinus nigra (generally called Black Pine
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botanical name is a formal scientific name conforming to the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN). The purpose of formal name is to have a single name that is accepted and used worldwide for a particular plant or plant group.
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Scientific classification or biological classification is a method by which biologists group and categorize species of organisms. Scientific classification also can be called scientific taxonomy, but should be distinguished from folk taxonomy, which lacks scientific basis.
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In zoology, a trinomen, or trinominal name, refers to the name of a subspecies.

A trinomen is a name consisting of three names: generic name, specific name and subspecific name. All three names are typeset in italics, and only the generic name is capitalised.
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