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Information about Temporal Bone

Bone:
Cranial bones
Facial bones.
Latinos temporales
subject #34 138
Articulationsoccipital, parietal, sphenoid, mandible and zygomatic
The temporal bones are situated at the sides and base of the skull.

The temporal bone supports that part of the face known as the temple.

Parts

Each consists of five parts:

Composition

The structure of the squama is like that of the other cranial bones: the mastoid portion is spongy, and the petrous portion dense and hard.

Additional images


The skull from the front.

Sphenoid bone visible center right.

Side view of the skull.

Left infratemporal fossa.

Sagittal section of skull.

Articulation of the mandible. Lateral aspect.

Base of the skull. Upper surface.


See also

External links

This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. As such, some of the information contained herein may be outdated. Please edit the article if this is the case, and feel free to remove this notice when it is no longer relevant.

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Bones of head and neck: the cranium
OccipitalForamen magnum - Squama occipitalis (Inion - Nuchal lines - Planum occipitale - Planum nuchale - Cruciform eminence - Internal occipital protuberance - Sagittal sulcus - Internal occipital crest)
Lateral parts (Occipital condyle - Hypoglossal canal - Condyloid fossa - Condylar canal - Jugular process - Jugular tubercle) - Basilar part (Pharyngeal tubercle)
ParietalParietal eminence - Temporal line - Parietal foramen
FrontalSquama frontalis (Frontal suture - Frontal eminence - Superciliary arches - Glabella - Supraorbital foramen - Zygomatic process - Sagittal sulcus - Frontal crest - Foramen cecum) - Pars orbitalis (Ethmoidal notch - Lacrimal fossa - Trochlear fovea - Posterior ethmoidal foramen - Anterior ethmoidal foramen - Frontal sinus - Frontonasal duct)
TemporalSquama temporalis (Articular tubercle - Suprameatal triangle - Mandibular fossa - Petrotympanic fissure) - Mastoid portion (Mastoid foramen - Mastoid process - Mastoid notch - Occipital groove - Sigmoid sulcus - Mastoid antrum) - Petrous portion (Facial canal - Hiatus of the facial canal - Internal auditory meatus - Subarcuate fossa - Carotid canal - Aqueduct of cochlea - Jugular fossa - Inferior tympanic canaliculus - Mastoid canaliculus - Styloid process - Stylomastoid foramen - Petrosquamous suture) - Tympanic part (Suprameatal spine) - Zygomatic process
SphenoidBody Superior surface (Ethmoidal spine, Chiasmatic groove, Optic foramen, Sella turcica, Fossa hypophyseos, Middle clinoid process, Dorsum sellae, Posterior clinoid processes, Petrosal process, Clivus) - Lateral surface (Carotid groove - Sphenoidal lingula) - Anterior surface (Sphenoidal sinuses) - Great wings (Spine, Foramen rotundum, Foramen ovale, Foramen Vesalii, Foramen spinosum, Infratemporal crest, Sulcus tubae auditivae) - Small wings (Superior orbital fissure, Anterior clinoid process, Optic foramen) - Pterygoid processes (Pterygoid fossa, Scaphoid fossa, Lateral pterygoid plate, Medial pterygoid plate, Pterygoid canal, Pterygoid hamulus) - Sphenoidal conchae
EthmoidCribriform plate (Crista galli) - Perpendicular plate - Labyrinth (Ethmoid sinus) - Lateral surface Lamina papyracea - Uncinate process - Medial surface Middle nasal concha - Superior meatus - Superior nasal concha - Middle meatus
Latin}}} 
Official status
Official language of: Vatican City
Used for official purposes, but not spoken in everyday speech
Regulated by: Opus Fundatum Latinitas
Roman Catholic Church
Language codes
ISO 639-1: la
ISO 639-2: lat
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The occipital bone, a saucer-shaped membrane bone situated at the back and lower part of the cranium, is trapezoid in shape and curved on itself. It is pierced by a large oval aperture, the foramen magnum, through which the cranial cavity communicates with the vertebral canal.
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Parietal may refer to:
  • Parietal lobe of the brain
  • Parietal bone of the skull
  • Parietal scales of a snake lie in the general region of the parietal bone.
  • Parietal cell in the stomach
  • Parietal pleura
  • Parietal pericardium

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The sphenoid bone (from Greek sphenoeides, "wedgelike") is a bone situated at the base of the skull in front of the temporals and basilar part of the occipital bone.

The sphenoid bone somewhat resembles a butterfly or bat with its wings extended.
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mandible (from Latin mandibūla, "jawbone") or inferior maxillary bone is, together with the maxilla, the largest and strongest bone of the face . It forms the lower jaw and holds the lower teeth in place.
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The zygomatic bone (malar bone) is a paired bone of the human skull. It articulates with the maxilla, the temporal bone, the sphenoid bone and the frontal bone. It forms part of the orbit and is commonly referred to as the cheekbone.
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skull is a bony structure found in many animals which serves as the general framework for the head. The skull supports the structures of the face and protects the head against injury.

The skull can be subdivided into two parts: the cranium and the mandible.
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The squama of the temporal bone forms the anterior and upper part of the bone, and is scale-like, thin, and translucent.

Surfaces

Its outer surface is smooth and ; it affords attachment to the temporalis muscle, and forms part of the temporal fossa; on its hinder
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The mastoid portion of the temporal bone forms the posterior part of the temporal bone.

Surfaces

Its outer surface is rough, and gives attachment to the Occipitalis and Auricularis posterior.
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The petrous portion of the temporal bone or pyramid is pyramidal and is wedged in at the base of the skull between the sphenoid and occipital. Directed medialward, forward, and a little upward, it presents for examination a base, an apex, three surfaces, and three angles,
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The tympanic part of the temporal bone is a curved plate of bone lying below the squama and in front of the mastoid process.

Surfaces

Its postero-superior surface is concave, and forms the anterior wall, the floor, and part of the posterior wall of the bony
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The styloid process is pointed piece of bone that extends down from the human skull, just below the ear.

Structure

The styloid process is a slender pointed piece of bone just below the ear.
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Figure 7 : Temporal bone at birth. Outer aspect.]] The temporal bone is ossified from eight centers, exclusive of those for the internal ear and the tympanic ossicles: one for the squama including the zygomatic process, one for the tympanic part, four for the petrous and mastoid
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In sciences dealing with the anatomy of animals, precise anatomical terms of location are necessary for a variety of reasons. Non-scientists often wonder why zoological and human anatomists use complex terminology to describe locations on a body, when common terms like "up",
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Temporomandibular joint is the jaw joint and is frequently referred to as TMJ. There are two TMJs, one on either side, working in unison. The name is derived from the two bones which form the joint: the upper temporal bone
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Elsevier, the world's largest publisher of medical and scientific literature, forms part of the Reed Elsevier group. Based in Amsterdam, the company has substantial operations in the UK, USA and elsewhere.
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Public domain comprises the body of knowledge and innovation (especially creative works such as writing, art, music, and inventions) in relation to which no person or other legal entity can establish or maintain proprietary interests within a particular legal jurisdiction.
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Henry Gray's Anatomy of the Human Body (or Gray's Anatomy as it has commonly been shortened) is an English-language human anatomy textbook widely regarded as a classic work on the subject.
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Bones are rigid organs that form part of the endoskeleton of vertebrates. They function to move, support, and protect the various organs of the body, produce red and white blood cells and store minerals.
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Head and neck anatomy focuses on the structures of the head and neck of the human body, including the brain, bones, muscles, blood vessels, nerves, glands, nose, mouth, teeth, tongue, and throat.
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skull is normally made up of 22 bones. Except for the mandible, all of the bones of the skull are joined together by sutures, synarthrodial (immovable) joints formed by bony ossification, with Sharpey's fibres permitting some flexibility.
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The occipital bone, a saucer-shaped membrane bone situated at the back and lower part of the cranium, is trapezoid in shape and curved on itself. It is pierced by a large oval aperture, the foramen magnum, through which the cranial cavity communicates with the vertebral canal.
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In anatomy, in the occipital bone, the foramen magnum (Latin: 'great hole') is one of the several oval or circular apertures in the base of the skull (the foramina), through which the medulla oblongata (an extension of the spinal cord) enters and exits the skull vault.
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The squama of the occipital bone, situated above and behind the foramen magnum, is curved from above downward and from side to side.

External surface

The external surface
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The inion is the most prominent projection of the occipital bone at the lower rear part of the skull. The ligamentum nuchae and trapezius muscle attach to it.

The term external occipital protuberance (protuberantia occipitalis externa
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The nuchal lines are four curved lines on the external surface of the occipital bone:
  • The upper, often faintly marked, is named the highest nuchal line, and to it the galea aponeurotica is attached.

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planum occipitale (or occipital plane), and is covered by the Occipitalis muscle.

This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. As such, some of the information contained herein may be outdated.
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planum nuchale (or nuchal plane), is rough and irregular for the attachment of several muscles.

This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. As such, some of the information contained herein may be outdated.
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cruciform eminence ( or cruciate eminence).
  • The upper two fossae are triangular and lodge the occipital lobes of the cerebrum.
  • The lower two are quadrilateral and accommodate the hemispheres of the cerebellum.

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internal occipital protuberance.

See also

  • external occipital protuberance

External links

  • Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator, at Elsevier 34257.000-2
  • Diagram at uni-mainz.

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