Information about Television Studio
A television studio is an installation in which television or video productions take place, either for live television, for recording live to tape, or for the acquisition of raw footage for postproduction. The design of a studio is similar to, and derived from, movie studios, with a few amendments for the special requirements of television production. A professional television studio generally has several rooms, which are kept separate for noise and practicality reasons. These rooms are connected via intercom, and personnel will be divided among these workplaces. Generally, a television studio consists of the following rooms:
The studio floor is the actual stage on which the actions that will be recorded take place. A studio floor has the following characteristics and installations:
The production control room (also known as the 'gallery') is the place in a television studio in which the composition of the outgoing program takes place. Facilities in a PCR include:
Modern stage lighting is a flexible tool in the production of theatre, dance, opera and other performance arts.
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Studio floor
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The BBC's Studio N6, home of the national news bulletins.
- decoration and/or sets
- cameras on pedestals
- microphones
- lighting rigs and the associated controlling equipment.
- several video monitors for visual feedback from the production control room
- a small public address system for communication
- A glass window between PCR and studio floor for direct visual contact is usually desired, but not always possible
- The on-screen "talent" themselves, and any guests - the subjects of the show.
- A floor director, who has overall charge of the studio area, and who relays timing and other information from the director.
- One or more camera operators who operate the television cameras, though in some instances these can also be operated from PCR using remote heads.
- Possibly a teleprompter operator, especially if this is a news broadcast.
Production control room
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Production control room for The NewsHour with Jim Lehrer, taken November 7, 2005 during an interview with Gen. Peter Pace.
- a video monitor wall, with monitors for program, preview, videotape machines, cameras, graphics and other video sources
- switcher a device where all video sources are controlled and taken to air. Also known as a special effects generator
- audio mixing console and other audio equipment such as effects devices
- character generator creates the majority of the names and full screen graphics that are inserted into the program
- digital video effects and/or still frame devices (if not integrated in the vision mixer)
- technical director's station, with waveform monitors, vectorscopes and the camera control units or remote control panels for the camera control units (CCUs)
- VTRs may also be located in the PCR, but are also often found in the central machine room
Master control room
The master control room houses equipment that is too noisy or runs too hot for the production control room. It also makes sure that wire lengths and installation requirements keep within manageable lengths, since most high-quality wiring runs only between devices in this room. This can include:- The actual circuitry and connection boxes of the vision mixer, DVE and character generator devices
- camera control units
- VTRs
- patch panels for reconfiguration of the wiring between the various pieces of equipment.
Other facilities
A television studio usually has other rooms with no technical requirements beyond program and audio monitors. Among them are:- one or more make-up and changing rooms
- a reception area for crew, talent, and visitors, commonly called the green room.
See also
External links
- SetStudio, the Internet's television news set design resource
- The Pinewood Studios Group, Teddington and Pinewood Television studios
Television (often abbreviated to TV, T.V., or more recently, tv; sometimes called telly, the tube, boob tube, or idiot box in British English) is a widely used telecommunication system for broadcasting and receiving moving pictures
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Video (Latin for "I see", first person singular present, indicative of videre, "to see") is the technology of electronically capturing, recording, processing, storing, transmitting, and reconstructing a sequence of still images representing scenes in motion.
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In film and video, footage is the raw, unedited material as it has been recorded by the camera, which usually must be edited to create a motion picture, video clip, television show or similar completed work.
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Post-production occurs in the making of audio recordings, films/movies, photography and digital art, videos and television programs. It is the general term for all stages of production occurring after the actual recording and ending with the completed work.
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A film studio is a controlled environment for the making of a film. This environment may be interior (sound stage), exterior (backlot), or both. In general parlance, the term is synonymous with "major film production company," due largely to the fact that the leading production
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intercom (intercommunication device) is an electronic communications system within a building or group of buildings. Intercoms are generally composed of fixed microphone/speaker units which connect to a central control panel.
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Set construction is a process by which a set designer works in collaboration with the director of the production to create the set for a theatrical production. The set designer produces a scale model, scale drawings (including, but not limited to: a groundplan, elevation, and section of
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Professional video camera (often called a Television camera even though the use has spread) is a high-end device for recording electronic moving images (as opposed to a movie camera, that records the images on film).
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Pedestal (from French piedestal, Italian piedistallo, foot of a stall) is a term generally applied to the support of a statue or a vase.
Although in Syria, Asia Minor and Tunisia the Romans occasionally raised the columns of their temples or propylaea on
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Although in Syria, Asia Minor and Tunisia the Romans occasionally raised the columns of their temples or propylaea on
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microphone, sometimes referred to as a mike or mic (both IPA pronunciation: [maɪk]), is an acoustic to electric transducer or sensor that converts sound into an electrical signal.
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Stagecraft collaboration!
Please help improve it to good article standard .
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Modern stage lighting is a flexible tool in the production of theatre, dance, opera and other performance arts.
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A video monitor is a device similar to a television, used to monitor the output of a video generating device, such as a video camera, VCR, or DVD player. It may or may not have audio monitoring capability.
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A public address or "PA" system is an electronic amplification system with a mixer, amplifier and loudspeakers, used to reinforce a given sound (e.g.,a person making a speech, prerecorded music, or message) and distributing the 'sound' to the general public around a
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Stage management is a sub-discipline of stagecraft.
Although a somewhat fluid line of work, in essence the stage management team (which can consist of a production stage manager, several assistant stage managers, and any number of production assistants) is responsible for
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Although a somewhat fluid line of work, in essence the stage management team (which can consist of a production stage manager, several assistant stage managers, and any number of production assistants) is responsible for
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Professional video camera (often called a Television camera even though the use has spread) is a high-end device for recording electronic moving images (as opposed to a movie camera, that records the images on film).
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- Telescript redirects here. For the programming language of the same name, see General Magic.
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NeWS (for Network extensible Window System) was a windowing system developed by Sun Microsystems in the late 1980s. Its primary architect was James Gosling, who subsequently designed Java.
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A video monitor is a device similar to a television, used to monitor the output of a video generating device, such as a video camera, VCR, or DVD player. It may or may not have audio monitoring capability.
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A vision mixer (also called video switcher, video mixer or production switcher) is a device used to select between several different video sources and in some cases composite (mix) video sources together and add special effects.
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In professional audio, a mixing console, digital mixing console, mixing desk (Brit.), or audio mixer, also called a sound board or soundboard, is an electronic device for combining (also called "mixing"), routing, and changing the level, tonality and/or
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character generator, often abbreviated as CG, is a device or software that produces static or animated text (such as crawls and rolls) for keying into a video stream. Modern character generators are computer-based, and can generate graphics as well as text.
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The Technical Director (TD) or Technical Producer (TP) is usually the most senior technical person within a theatrical company or television studio. This person usually possesses the highest level of competence in a specific technical field and may be
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waveform monitor is a special type of oscilloscope used in television applications. It is typically used to measure and display the level, or voltage, of a video signal with respect to time.
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vectorscope is a special type of oscilloscope used in both audio and video applications. Whereas an oscilloscope or waveform monitor normally displays a plot of signal vs. time, a vectorscope displays an X-Y plot of two signals, revealing valuable details about the relationship
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The camera control unit (CCU) is installed in the production control room (PCR), and allows various aspects of the video camera on the studio floor to be controlled remotely.
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Master control is the technical hub of a broadcast operation common among most over-the-air television stations and networks. It is distinct from production control rooms in television studios where the activities such as switching from camera to camera are coordinated.
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A vision mixer (also called video switcher, video mixer or production switcher) is a device used to select between several different video sources and in some cases composite (mix) video sources together and add special effects.
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character generator, often abbreviated as CG, is a device or software that produces static or animated text (such as crawls and rolls) for keying into a video stream. Modern character generators are computer-based, and can generate graphics as well as text.
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The camera control unit (CCU) is installed in the production control room (PCR), and allows various aspects of the video camera on the studio floor to be controlled remotely.
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patch panel or patch bay is a panel, typically rackmounted, that houses cable connections. One typically shorter patch cable will plug into the front side, while the back will hold the connection of a much longer and more permanent cable.
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