Information about Superior Mesenteric Artery
| Artery: | |
|---|---|
| The pancreas and duodenum from behind. (Superior mesenteric artery labeled at upper right.) | |
) | |
| Frontal view of the superior mesenteric artery and its branches. The large vessel (blue) beside the SMA is the superior mesenteric vein. A considerable number of different branching patterns exist. | |
| Latin | arteria mesenterica superior |
| subject #154 606 | |
| Supplies | intestine |
| Source | abdominal aorta |
| Branches | inferior pancreaticoduodenal middle colic right colic intestinal branches (jejunal, ileal) ileocolic |
| Vein | superior mesenteric vein |
| MeSH | Mesenteric+Artery,+Superior |
| Dorlands/Elsevier | a_61/12155072 |
Location and path
It arises anterior to vertebra L1 in an adult. It is usually 1cm lower than the celiac trunk. It initially travels in an anterior/inferior direction, passing behind/under the neck of the pancreas and the splenic vein. Located under this portion of the superior mesenteric artery, between it and the aorta, are the following:- left renal vein - travels between the left kidney and the inferior vena cava (can be compressed by the SMA at this location, leading to the so-called nutcracker syndrome.
- the third part of the duodenum, part of the small intestines
- uncinate process of the pancreas - this is a small part of the pancreas that hooks around the SMA
Branches
| Branch | Supplies |
| inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery | head of the pancreas and to the descending and inferior parts of the duodenum |
| middle colic artery | to the transverse colon |
| right colic artery | to ascending colon |
| intestinal arteries | branches to ileum, branches to jejunum |
| ileocolic artery | (terminal branch of the SMA) supplies last part of ileum, cecum, and appendix |
The middle, right, and ileocecal branches anastomose with each other to form a marginal artery along the inner border of the colon. This artery is completed by branches of the left colic which is a branch of the inferior mesenteric artery.
Pathology
- Compared to other vessels of similar size, the SMA is largely spared the effects of atherosclerosis. This is likely due to protective haemodynamic conditions
- Occlusion of the SMA almost invariably leads to intestinal ischemia and often has devastating consequences; up to 80% of SMA occlusions lead to death.[1]
- The SMA can compress the left renal vein, leading to the nutcracker syndrome and/or the third (horizontal) part of the duodenum, leading to SMA syndrome.
Additional images
The celiac artery and its branches; the stomach has been raised and the peritoneum removed. | ) Abdominal part of digestive tube and its attachment to the primitive or common mesentery. Human embryo of six weeks. | ) Posterior abdominal wall, after removal of the peritoneum, showing kidneys, suprarenal capsules, and great vessels. | The anterior surfaces of the kidneys, showing the areas of contact of neighboring viscera. |
Front of abdomen, showing surface markings for arteries and inguinal canal. |
References
1. ^ Redaelli CA, Schilling MK, Buchler MW. Intraoperative laser Doppler flowmetry: a predictor of ischemic injury in acute mesenteric infarction. Dig Surg. 1998;15(1):55-9. PMID 9845564. Full Text.
External links
- SUNY Figs 39:02-01 - "Branches of the inferior mesenteric artery."
- SUNY Labs 40:11-0102 - "Posterior Abdominal Wall: Branches of the Abdominal Aorta"
- SUNY Anatomy Image 8008
- SUNY Anatomy Image 8404
- SUNY Anatomy Image 8815
- SUNY Anatomy Image 8841
- Atlas of anatomy at UMich abdo_wall70 - "Posterior Abdominal Wall, Dissection, Anterior View"
- Norman/Georgetown sup&infmesentericart
Arteries of torso - abdomen | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ABDOMINAL AORTA: Anterior |
| ||||||
| ABDOMINAL AORTA: Posterior |
Visceral: middle suprarenal –
renal
(inferior suprarenal) –
testicular/ovarian Parietal: inferior phrenic (superior suprarenal) – lumbar – median sacral Terminal branches: common iliac | ||||||
| INTERNAL ILIAC: Anterior |
umbilical
(superior vesical,
to ductus deferens) –
inferior vesical –
middle rectal –
uterine
(azygos of the vagina) –
vaginal –
obturator
(anterior branch,
posterior branch) –
internal pudendal
(inferior rectal,
perineal,
artery of the urethral bulb,
urethral,
deep artery of the penis,
dorsal artery of the penis) –
inferior gluteal
(accompanying of ischiadic nerve,
crucial anastomosis)
| ||||||
| INTERNAL ILIAC: Posterior | |||||||
| EXTERNAL ILIAC | |||||||
In anatomy, the superior mesenteric vein (SMV) is a blood vessel that drains blood from the small intestine (jejunum and ileum). At its termination behind the neck of the pancreas, the SMV combines with the splenic vein to form the hepatic portal vein.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Latin}}}
Official status
Official language of: Vatican City
Used for official purposes, but not spoken in everyday speech
Regulated by: Opus Fundatum Latinitas
Roman Catholic Church
Language codes
ISO 639-1: la
ISO 639-2: lat
..... Click the link for more information.
Official status
Official language of: Vatican City
Used for official purposes, but not spoken in everyday speech
Regulated by: Opus Fundatum Latinitas
Roman Catholic Church
Language codes
ISO 639-1: la
ISO 639-2: lat
..... Click the link for more information.
In anatomy, the intestine is the segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
The abdominal aorta is the largest artery in the abdominal cavity. As part of the aorta, it is a direct continuation of descending aorta (of the thorax).
..... Click the link for more information.
Path
It begins at the level of the diaphragm, crossing it via the aortic hiatus at the vertebral level of T12...... Click the link for more information.
The inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery is given off from the superior mesenteric or from its first intestinal branch, opposite the upper border of the inferior part of the duodenum.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
The middle colic artery is a branch of the superior mesenteric artery that mostly supplies the transverse colon. It arises just below the pancreas, and, passing downward and forward between the layers of the transverse mesocolon, divides into two branches: right and left.
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..... Click the link for more information.
The Right Colic Artery arises from about the middle of the concavity of the superior mesenteric artery, or from a stem common to it and the ileocolic.
It passes to the right behind the peritoneum, and in front of the right internal spermatic or ovarian vessels, the right
..... Click the link for more information.
It passes to the right behind the peritoneum, and in front of the right internal spermatic or ovarian vessels, the right
..... Click the link for more information.
The Ileocolic Artery is the lowest branch arising from the concavity of the superior mesenteric artery.
It passes downward and to the right behind the peritoneum toward the right iliac fossa, where it divides into a superior and an inferior branch; the inferior anastomoses
..... Click the link for more information.
It passes downward and to the right behind the peritoneum toward the right iliac fossa, where it divides into a superior and an inferior branch; the inferior anastomoses
..... Click the link for more information.
In anatomy, the superior mesenteric vein (SMV) is a blood vessel that drains blood from the small intestine (jejunum and ileum). At its termination behind the neck of the pancreas, the SMV combines with the splenic vein to form the hepatic portal vein.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) is a huge controlled vocabulary (or metadata system) for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books in the life sciences. Created and updated by the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), it is used by the MEDLINE/PubMed
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Elsevier, the world's largest publisher of medical and scientific literature, forms part of the Reed Elsevier group. Based in Amsterdam, the company has substantial operations in the UK, USA and elsewhere.
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Human anatomy is primarily the scientific study of the morphology of the adult human body.[1] It is subdivided into gross anatomy and microscopic anatomy.[1]
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..... Click the link for more information.
The abdominal aorta is the largest artery in the abdominal cavity. As part of the aorta, it is a direct continuation of descending aorta (of the thorax).
..... Click the link for more information.
Path
It begins at the level of the diaphragm, crossing it via the aortic hiatus at the vertebral level of T12...... Click the link for more information.
The celiac artery, also known as the celiac trunk and also spelled as coeliac, is the first major branch of the abdominal aorta and branches from the aorta around the level of the T12 vertebra in humans.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
In anatomy, the intestine is the segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
In anatomy of the digestive system, the duodenum is a hollow jointed tube about 25-30 cm long connecting the stomach to the jejunum. It is the first and shortest part of the small intestine and it is where most chemical digestion takes place.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Colic flexure can refer to:
..... Click the link for more information.
- Hepatic flexure ("right")
- Splenic flexure ("left")
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The pancreas is a gland organ in the digestive and endocrine systems of vertebrates<ref name="New Standard" />. It is both exocrine (secreting pancreatic juice containing digestive enzymes) and endocrine (producing several important hormones, including
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
In anatomy, the splenic vein (in the past called the lienal vein) is the blood vessel that drains blood from the spleen.
It joins with the superior mesenteric vein, to form the hepatic portal vein and follows a course superior to the pancreas, along side of the
..... Click the link for more information.
It joins with the superior mesenteric vein, to form the hepatic portal vein and follows a course superior to the pancreas, along side of the
..... Click the link for more information.
The renal veins are veins that drain the kidney. They connect the kidney to the inferior vena cava.
It is usually singular to each kidney, except in the condition "multiple renal veins".
..... Click the link for more information.
It is usually singular to each kidney, except in the condition "multiple renal veins".
..... Click the link for more information.
The kidneys are organs that filter wastes (such as urea) from the blood and excrete them, along with water, as urine. The medical field that studies the kidneys and diseases of the kidney is called nephrology[1].
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The inferior vena cava (or IVC) is the large vein that carries de-oxygenated blood from the lower half of the body into the heart.
It is posterior to the abdominal cavity and runs along side of the vertebral column on its right side (i.e. it is a retroperitoneal structure).
..... Click the link for more information.
It is posterior to the abdominal cavity and runs along side of the vertebral column on its right side (i.e. it is a retroperitoneal structure).
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nutcracker syndrome.]] In medicine, the nutcracker syndrome — also known as nutcracker phenomenon, renal vein entrapment syndrome, or mesoaortic compression of the left renal vein
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
In anatomy of the digestive system, the duodenum is a hollow jointed tube about 25-30 cm long connecting the stomach to the jejunum. It is the first and shortest part of the small intestine and it is where most chemical digestion takes place.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
In biology the small intestine is the part of the gastrointestinal tract (gut) between the stomach and the large intestine and includes the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. It is where the vast majority of digestion takes place.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
The pancreas is a gland organ in the digestive and endocrine systems of vertebrates<ref name="New Standard" />. It is both exocrine (secreting pancreatic juice containing digestive enzymes) and endocrine (producing several important hormones, including
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
In anatomy, the superior mesenteric vein (SMV) is a blood vessel that drains blood from the small intestine (jejunum and ileum). At its termination behind the neck of the pancreas, the SMV combines with the splenic vein to form the hepatic portal vein.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
The inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery is given off from the superior mesenteric or from its first intestinal branch, opposite the upper border of the inferior part of the duodenum.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
The pancreas is a gland organ in the digestive and endocrine systems of vertebrates<ref name="New Standard" />. It is both exocrine (secreting pancreatic juice containing digestive enzymes) and endocrine (producing several important hormones, including
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
In anatomy of the digestive system, the duodenum is a hollow jointed tube about 25-30 cm long connecting the stomach to the jejunum. It is the first and shortest part of the small intestine and it is where most chemical digestion takes place.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
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