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Information about Structure

Structure is a fundamental and sometimes intangible notion covering the recognition, observation, nature, and stability of patterns and relationships of entities. From a child's verbal description of a snowflake, to the detailed scientific analysis of the properties of magnetic fields, the concept of structure is an essential foundation of nearly every mode of inquiry and discovery in science, philosophy, and art.[1]

Overview

Structure is how a story, narrative, anecdote or other writings of information and knowledge are made. More generally, a structure is the composition of knowledge as elements and their combinations. The content is the information and experiences created by individuals, institutions and technology to benefit audiences in contexts that they value.

Types of structure

Abstract structure

An abstract structure is a formal object that is defined by a set of laws, properties, and relationships in a way that is logically if not always historically independent of the structures and their properties. An important example is a mathematical structure.

Algebraic structure

Main article: Structure (mathematical logic)
In mathematical logic, a structure is an object that gives semantic meanings to the symbols in a logical language. The most common setting is with first-order languages, but structures for typed and higher-order languages are also important.

Chemical structure

Main article: Chemical structure
Chemistry is the science treating matter at the atomic to macromolecular scale, the reactions, transformations and aggregations of matter, as well as accompanying energy and entropy changes during these processes. The chemical structure refers to both molecular geometry and to electronic structure. The structural formula of a chemical compound is a graphical representation of the molecular structure showing how the atoms are arranged. A protein structure is the three dimensional coordinates of the atoms within (macro) molecules made of protein.

Musical composition

Music is an art form consisting of sound and silence expressed through time. The term musical form, a type of structure, refers to two related concepts:
  • the type of composition (for example, a musical work can have the form of a symphony, a concerto, or other generic type
  • the structure of a particular piece (for example, a piece can be written in binary form, sonata form, as a fugue, etc.

Social structure

Main article: Social structure
A social structure is a pattern of relations. They are social organization of individuals and various life. Structures are applicable to people in how a society is as a system organized by a characteristic pattern of relationships. This is known as the social organization of the group. Sociologists have studied the changing structure of theses groups. Structure and agency is the two confronted theories about human behaviour. The debate surrounding the influence of structure and agency on human thought and behaviour is one of the central issues in sociology. In this context "agency" refers to the capacity of individual humans to act independently and to make their own free choices. "Structure" here to those factors such as social class, religion, gender, ethnicity, customs etc. which seem to limit or influence the opportunities that individuals have.

References

1. ^ Pullan, Wendy (2000). Structure. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521782589. 

See also

SNOW 1.0 and 2.0 are two word-based synchronous stream ciphers developed by Thomas Johansson and Patrik Ekdahl at Lund University.

SNOW 1.0, originally simply SNOW, was submitted to the NESSIE project.
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magnetic field is a field that permeates space and which exerts a magnetic force on moving electric charges and magnetic dipoles. Magnetic fields surround electric currents, magnetic dipoles, and changing electric fields.
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Science (from the Latin scientia, 'knowledge'), in the broadest sense, refers to any systematic knowledge or practice.[1] Examples of the broader use included political science and computer science, which are not incorrectly named, but rather named according to
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Philosophy is the discipline concerned with questions of how one should live (ethics); what sorts of things exist and what are their essential natures (metaphysics); what counts as genuine knowledge (epistemology); and what are the correct principles of reasoning (logic).
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ART is a three-letter acronym that can mean:

Medicine

  • Antiretroviral therapy. It is used in the treatment of HIV infection.
  • assisted reproductive technology

Other

  • Adaptive resonance theory

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Content may refer to:
  • Content (media and publishing), information and experiences created to benefit audiences in contexts that they value
  • Volume generalized to arbitrarily many dimensions in mathematics and physics

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An abstract structure is a formal object that is defined by a set of laws, properties, and relationships in a way that is logically if not always historically independent of the structure of contingent experiences, for example, those involving physical objects.
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In mathematics, a structure on a set, or more generally a type, consists of additional mathematical objects that in some manner attach to the set, making it easier to visualize or work with, or endowing the collection with meaning or significance.
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In mathematical logic, a structure is an object that gives semantic meanings to the symbols in a logical language. The most common setting is with first-order languages, but structures for typed and higher-order languages are also important.
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Mathematical logic is a branch of mathematics, which grew out of symbolic logic. Subfields include model theory, proof theory, set theory, and recursion theory. Research in mathematical logic has contributed to, and been motivated by, the study of foundations of mathematics, but
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First-order logic (FOL) is a formal deductive system used by mathematicians, philosophers, linguists, and computer scientists. It goes by many names, including: first-order predicate calculus (FOPC), the lower predicate calculus,
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In mathematics, logic and computer science, type theory is any of several formal systems that can serve as alternatives to naive set theory, or the study of such formalisms in general.
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In mathematics, higher-order logic is distinguished from first-order logic in a number of ways.

One of these is the type of variables appearing in quantifications; in first-order logic, roughly speaking, it is forbidden to quantify over predicates.
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Chemical structure refers to both molecular geometry and to electronic structure. Molecular geometry refers to the spatial arrangement of atoms in a molecule and the chemical bonds that hold the atoms together.
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Chemical structure refers to both molecular geometry and to electronic structure. Molecular geometry refers to the spatial arrangement of atoms in a molecule and the chemical bonds that hold the atoms together.
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The structural formula of a chemical compound is a graphical representation of the molecular structure showing how the atoms are arranged. The chemical bonding within the molecule is also shown, either explicitly or implicitly.
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Protein structure, from primary to quaternary structure.]] Biochemistry refers to four distinct aspects of a protein's structure:
  • Primary structure - the amino acid sequence of the peptide chains.

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The term musical form refers to two related concepts:
  • the type of composition (for example, a musical work can have the form of a symphony, a concerto, or other generic type -- see Multi-movement forms below)

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Social structure is a term frequently used in sociology and more specifically in social theory — yet rarely defined or clearly conceptualised (Jary and Jary 1991, Abercrombie et al 2000).
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An organization (or organisation — see spelling differences) is a social arrangement which pursues collective goals, which controls its own performance, and which has a boundary separating it from its environment.
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The debate surrounding the influence of structure and agency on human thought and behaviour is one of the central issues in sociology. In this context "agency" refers to the capacity of individual humans to act independently and to make their own free choices.
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In mathematics, a structure on a set, or more generally a type, consists of additional mathematical objects that in some manner attach to the set, making it easier to visualize or work with, or endowing the collection with meaning or significance.
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data structure is a way of storing data in a computer so that it can be used efficiently. Often a carefully chosen data structure will allow the most efficient algorithm to be used. The choice of the data structure often begins from the choice of an abstract data type.
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primary structure of a biological molecule is the exact specification of its atomic composition and the chemical bonds connecting those atoms (including stereochemistry). For a typical unbranched, un-crosslinked biopolymer (such as a molecule of DNA, RNA or typical intracellular
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Protein structure, from primary to quaternary structure.]] Biochemistry refers to four distinct aspects of a protein's structure:
  • Primary structure - the amino acid sequence of the peptide chains.

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Structural geology is the study of the three dimensional distribution of rock bodies and their planar or folded surfaces, and their internal fabrics.
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In biochemistry and chemistry, the tertiary structure of a protein or any other macromolecule is its three-dimensional structure, as defined by the atomic coordinates.[1]

Relationship to primary sequence


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