Information about Standard Definition Television
“SDTV” redirects here. For Arizona State University's campus channel, see Sun Devil Television.
Standard-definition television or SDTV refers to television systems that have a resolution that meets standards but not considered either enhanced definition or high definition. The term is usually used in reference to digital television, in particular when broadcasting at the same (or similar) resolution as analog systems.
In ATSC, SDTV can be broadcast in 704 pixels × 480 lines with aspect ratio (40:33 rectangular pixel), 704 pixels × 480 lines with aspect ratio (10:11 rectangular pixel) or 640 pixels × 480 lines with ratio (and square pixels). The refresh rate can be any of 24, 30 or 60 frames per second.
Digital SDTV in 4:3 aspect ratio has the same appearance as the regular analog TV (NTSC, PAL, PAL2, SECAM) minus the ghosting, snowy images and static noises. However, if the reception is poor, one may encounter various other artifacts such as blockiness and stuttering.
Standards that can broadcast digital SDTV include DVB, ATSC and ISDB. The last two were originally developed for HDTV, but they have proved to be more often used for their ability to deliver multiple SD video and audio streams via multiplexing, than to use the entire bitstream for one HD channel.
See also
- Digital television
- digital audio broadcasting
- DVB
- ATSC Standards
- ISDB
- SBTVD
- Enhanced-definition television
- High-definition television
- MPEG
| Designation | Usage examples | Definition (lines) | Rate (Hz) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Interlaced (fields) | Progressive (frames) | |||
| Low; MP@LL | LDTV, VCD | 240; 288 (SIF) | 24, 30; 25 | |
| Standard; MP@ML | SDTV, SVCD, DVD, DV | 480 (NTSC, PAL-M) | 60 | 24, 30 |
| 576 (PAL, SECAM) | 50 | 25 | ||
| Enhanced | EDTV | 480; 576 | 60; 50 | |
| High; MP@HL | HDTV, HD DVD, Blu-ray Disc, HDV | 720 | 24, 30, 60; 25, 50 | |
| 1080 | 50, 60 | 24, 30; 25 | ||
) Visual comparison of common video/TV display resolutions | ||||
| This table illustrates total horizontal and vertical pixel resolution via box size. It does not accurately reflect the screen shape (aspect ratio) of these formats, which is either 4:3 or 16:9. | ||||
| [ edit ] Video formats |
|---|
| Analog broadcast |
| 525 lines: NTSC | NTSC-J | PAL-M |
| 625 lines: PAL | PAL-N | PALplus | SECAM |
| Defunct systems: Pre-1940 | 405 lines | 819 lines | Baird-Nipkow | MAC | MUSE |
| Multichannel audio: BTSC (MTS) | NICAM-728 | Zweiton (A2, IGR) |
| Hidden signals: Captioning | Teletext | CGMS-A | GCR | PDC | VBI | VEIL | VITC | WSS | XDS |
| Digital broadcast |
| Interlaced: SDTV (480i, 576i) | HDTV (1080i) |
| Progressive: LDTV (240p, 288p, 1seg) | EDTV (480p, 576p) | HDTV (720p, 1080p) |
| Digital TV standards: MPEG-2: ATSC, DVB, ISDB | MPEG-4: SBTVD |
| Multichannel audio: AAC (5.1) | Musicam | PCM | LPCM |
| Hidden signals: Captioning | Teletext | (CPCM/Broadcast flag) | AFD | EPG |
| Digital cinema: UHDV (2540p, 4320p) | DCI | 22.2 audio |
| Technical issues: | MPEG transport | Standards conversion | Video processing | VOD |
Sun Devil Television (On-Air Identity: SDTV, Channel 2) is an independent, student-operated television station based in ASU's campus in Tempe, Arizona.
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History
Early Years
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Enhanced-definition television, extended-definition television, or EDTV is a CEA marketing shorthand term for certain digital television (DTV) formats and devices.
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High-definition television (HDTV) is a digital television broadcasting system with a significantly higher resolution than traditional formats (NTSC, SECAM, PAL). While some early analog HDTV formats were broadcast in Europe and Japan, HDTV is usually broadcast digitally,
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Digital television (DTV) is a telecommunication system for broadcasting and receiving moving pictures and sound by means of digital signals, in contrast to analog signals used by analog (traditional) TV.
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ATSC Standards document a digital television format which will replace (in the United States) the analog NTSC television system[1] (NTSC is used mostly in North America and Japan). It was developed by the Advanced Television Systems Committee.
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The aspect ratio of an image is its displayed width divided by its height (usually expressed as "x:y" or "x×y," with the joining colon or multiplication symbol articulated as the preposition "by" or sometimes "to").
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The refresh rate (or "vertical refresh rate", "vertical scan rate" for CRTs) is the number of times in a second that a display is illuminated. This is distinct from the measure of frame rate in that the refresh rate includes the repeated illumination of identical frames, while
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A film frame, or just frame, is one of the many single photographic images in a motion picture. The individual frames are separated by frame lines. Normally, 24 frames are needed for one second of film.
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hertz (symbol: Hz) is the SI unit of frequency. Its base unit is cycle/s or s-1 (also called inverse seconds, reciprocal seconds). In English, hertz is used as both singular and plural.
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The aspect ratio of an image is its displayed width divided by its height (usually expressed as "x:y" or "x×y," with the joining colon or multiplication symbol articulated as the preposition "by" or sometimes "to").
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PAL, short for Phase Alternating Line, is a colour encoding system used in broadcast television systems in large parts of the world. Other common analogue television systems are SECAM and NTSC.
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SECAM, also written SÉCAM (Séquentiel couleur à mémoire, French for "Sequential Color with Memory"), is an analog color television system first used in France.
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Ghosting can have different meanings:
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- ghosting (television), a double image when receiving a distorted or multipath input signal in analog television broadcasting.
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White noise is a random signal (or process) with a flat power spectral density. In other words, the signal's power spectral density has equal power in any band, at any centre frequency, having a given bandwidth.
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DVB, short for Digital Video Broadcasting, is a suite of internationally accepted open standards for digital television. DVB standards are maintained by the DVB Project, an industry consortium with more than 270 members, and they are published by a
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ATSC Standards document a digital television format which will replace (in the United States) the analog NTSC television system[1] (NTSC is used mostly in North America and Japan). It was developed by the Advanced Television Systems Committee.
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Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting (ISDB) is the digital television (DTV) and digital radio format that Japan has created to allow radio and television stations there to convert to digital.
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Introduction
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Video (Latin for "I see", first person singular present, indicative of videre, "to see") is the technology of electronically capturing, recording, processing, storing, transmitting, and reconstructing a sequence of still images representing scenes in motion.
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Sound is a disturbance of mechanical energy that propagates through matter as a wave (through fluids as a compression wave, and through solids as both compression and shear waves).
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In electronics, telecommunications and computer networks, multiplexing (short muxing) is a term used to refer to a process where multiple analog message signals or digital data streams are combined into one signal. The aim is to share an expensive resource.
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bitstream or bit stream is a time series of bits.
A bytestream is a series of bytes, typically of 8 bits each, and can be regarded as a special case of a bitstream.
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A bytestream is a series of bytes, typically of 8 bits each, and can be regarded as a special case of a bitstream.
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Channel, in communications (sometimes called communications channel), refers to the used to convey information from a sender (or transmitter) to a receiver.
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Digital television (DTV) is a telecommunication system for broadcasting and receiving moving pictures and sound by means of digital signals, in contrast to analog signals used by analog (traditional) TV.
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Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB), also known as Eureka 147, is a technology for broadcasting of audio using digital radio transmission.
The original objectives of converting to digital transmission were to enable higher fidelity, more stations and more resistance to
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The original objectives of converting to digital transmission were to enable higher fidelity, more stations and more resistance to
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DVB, short for Digital Video Broadcasting, is a suite of internationally accepted open standards for digital television. DVB standards are maintained by the DVB Project, an industry consortium with more than 270 members, and they are published by a
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ATSC Standards document a digital television format which will replace (in the United States) the analog NTSC television system[1] (NTSC is used mostly in North America and Japan). It was developed by the Advanced Television Systems Committee.
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Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting (ISDB) is the digital television (DTV) and digital radio format that Japan has created to allow radio and television stations there to convert to digital.
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Introduction
ISDB is maintained by the Japanese organisation ARIB...... Click the link for more information.
SBTVD, short for Sistema Brasileiro de Televisão Digital (English: Brazilian Digital Television System) is a proposed digital television standard for Brazil. Developed by an association including Brazilian government, Brazilian universities and communication companies, the
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