Information about Speech Processing
Speech processing is the study of speech signals and the processing methods of these signals.
The signals are usually processed in a digital representation whereby speech processing can be seen as the intersection of digital signal processing and natural language processing.
Speech processing can be divided in the following categories:
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Noise reduction is the process of removing noise from a signal. Noise reduction techniques are conceptually very similar regardless of the signal being processed, however a priori knowledge of the characteristics of an
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It can be represented and delineated in written language in many ways.
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The signals are usually processed in a digital representation whereby speech processing can be seen as the intersection of digital signal processing and natural language processing.
Speech processing can be divided in the following categories:
- Speech recognition, which deals with analysis of the linguistic content of a speech signal.
- Speaker recognition, where the aim is to recognize the identity of the speaker.
- Enhancement of speech signals, e.g. audio noise reduction,
- Speech coding, a specialized form of data compression, is important in the telecommunication area.
- Voice analysis for medical purposes, such as analysis of vocal loading and dysfunction of the vocal cords.
- Speech synthesis: the artificial synthesis of speech, which usually means computer generated speech.
- Speech enhancement: enhancing the perceptual quality of speech signal by removing the destructive effects of noise, limited capacity recording equipment, impairments, etc.
See also
- Audio signal processing
- Linguistics
- Phonetics
- Utterance
- Speech signal processing
- Packet Loss Concealment
External links
- Center for Language and Speech Processing at JHU
- Speech Processing Group
- Speech Processing Group at the Laboratory of Applied Physics
- Speech and Language Processing
- Speech Processing
- Speech Processing Discussion Group
- Philips Speech Processing
- Philips Speech Recognition Systems
- IDIAP Research Institute Speech Processing
- Nuance Communications
- Crescendo Speech Processing for Healthcare
| Digital signal processing |
|---|
| Theory — Nyquist–Shannon sampling theorem, estimation theory, detection theory |
| Sub-fields — audio signal processing | control engineering | digital image processing | speech processing | statistical signal processing |
| Techniques — Discrete Fourier transform (DFT) | Discrete-time Fourier transform (DTFT) | bilinear transform | Z-transform, advanced Z-transform |
| Sampling — oversampling | undersampling | downsampling | upsampling | aliasing | anti-aliasing filter | sampling rate | Nyquist rate/frequency |
Speech communication refers to the processes associated with the production and perception of sounds used in spoken language. A number of academic disciplines study speech and speech sounds, including acoustics, psychology, speech pathology, linguistics, and computer science.
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A digital system is one that uses discrete values (often electrical voltages), representing numbers or non-numeric symbols such as letters or icons, for input, processing, transmission, storage, or display, rather than a continuous range of values (ie, as in an analog system).
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Digital signal processing ('DSP') is the study of signals in a digital representation and the processing methods of these signals. DSP and analog signal processing are subfields of signal processing.
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Natural language processing (NLP) is a subfield of artificial intelligence and computational linguistics. It studies the problems of automated generation and understanding of natural human languages.
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Speech recognition (in many contexts also known as automatic speech recognition, computer speech recognition or erroneously as voice recognition) is the process of converting a speech signal to a sequence of words in the form of digital data, by means of an
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For the journal, see .
Linguistics is the scientific study of language, which can be theoretical or applied. Someone who engages in this study is called a linguist...... Click the link for more information.
Speaker recognition, or voice recognition is the task of recognizing people from their voices. Such systems extract features from speech, model them and use them to recognize the person from his/her voice.
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Identity is an umbrella term used throughout the social sciences to describe an individual's comprehension of him or herself as a discrete, separate entity. This term, though generic, can be further specified by the disciplines of psychology and sociology, including the two forms
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For sound proofing, see .
Noise reduction is the process of removing noise from a signal. Noise reduction techniques are conceptually very similar regardless of the signal being processed, however a priori knowledge of the characteristics of an
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Speech coding is the application of data compression of digital audio signals containing speech. Speech coding uses speech-specific parameter estimation using audio signal processing techniques to model the speech signal, combined with generic data compression algorithms to
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data compression or source coding is the process of encoding information using fewer bits (or other information-bearing units) than an un-encoded representation would use through use of specific encoding schemes.
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Telecommunication is the transmission of signals over a distance for the purpose of communication. In modern times, this process typically involves the sending of electromagnetic waves by electronic transmitters, but in earlier times telecommunication may have involved the use of
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Voice analysis is the study of speech sounds for purposes other than linguistic content, such as in speech recognition. Such studies include mostly medical analysis of the voice i.e. phoniatrics, but also speaker identification.
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Vocal loading is the stress inflicted on the speech organs when speaking for long periods.
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Background
Of the working population, about 15% have professions where their voice is their primary tool...... Click the link for more information.
The vocal folds, also known popularly as vocal cords, are composed of twin infoldings of mucous membrane stretched horizontally across the larynx. They vibrate, modulating the flow of air being expelled from the lungs during phonation.
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Speech synthesis is the artificial production of human speech. A computer system used for this purpose is called a speech synthesizer, and can be implemented in software or hardware.
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Audio signal processing, sometimes referred to as audio processing, is the processing of a representation of auditory signals, or sound. The representation can be digital or analog.
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For the journal, see .
Linguistics is the scientific study of language, which can be theoretical or applied. Someone who engages in this study is called a linguist...... Click the link for more information.
Phonetics (from the Greek word φωνή, phone meaning 'sound, voice') is the study of the sounds of human speech. It is concerned with the actual properties of speech sounds (phones), and their production, audition and perception, while phonology, which
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For the legal term, see .
An utterance is a complete unit of speech in spoken language. It is generally but not always bounded by silence.It can be represented and delineated in written language in many ways.
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Speech signal processing refers to the acquisition, manipulation, storage, transfer and output of human utterances by a computer. The main goals are the recognition, synthesis and compression of human speech:
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Packet Loss Concealment (PLC) is a technique to mask the effects of packet loss in VoIP communications. Because the voice signal is sent as packets on a VoIP network, they may travel different routes to get to destination.
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Digital signal processing ('DSP') is the study of signals in a digital representation and the processing methods of these signals. DSP and analog signal processing are subfields of signal processing.
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Estimation theory is a branch of statistics and signal processing that deals with estimating the values of parameters based on measured/empirical data. The parameters describe the physical scenario or object that answers a question posed by the estimator.
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Detection theory, or signal detection theory, is a means to quantify the ability to discern between signal and noise. Much of the early work in detection theory was done by radar researchers. [1] Detection theory was used in 1966 by John A. Swets and David M.
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Audio signal processing, sometimes referred to as audio processing, is the processing of a representation of auditory signals, or sound. The representation can be digital or analog.
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Control engineering is the engineering discipline that focuses on mathematical modelling of systems of a diverse nature, analyzing their dynamic behavior, and using control theory to create a controller that will cause the systems to behave in a desired manner.
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Digital image processing is the use of computer algorithms to perform image processing on digital images. Digital image processing has the same advantages over analog image processing as digital signal processing has over analog signal processing — it allows a much wider
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Statistical signal processing is an area of signal processing that treats signals as stochastic processes, dealing with their statistical properties (e.g., mean, covariance, etc.).
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discrete Fourier transform (DFT), occasionally called the finite Fourier transform, is a transform for Fourier analysis of finite-domain discrete-time signals. As with most Fourier analyses, it expresses an input function in terms of a sum of sinusoidal components by determining
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