Information about Solenodon
| Solenodon[1] | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cuban Solenodon (Solenodon cubanus) | ||||||||||||
| Scientific classification | ||||||||||||
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| Type species | ||||||||||||
| Solenodon paradoxus Brandt, 1833 | ||||||||||||
| Species | ||||||||||||
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†Solenodon arredondoi Solenodon cubanus †Solenodon marcanoi Solenodon paradoxus | ||||||||||||
Solenodons are nocturnal, burrowing, insectivorous mammals belonging to the family Solenodontidae Only one genus, the Solenodon is known, although a few other genera were erected at one time and are now regarded as (junior) synonyms.
Often compared to shrews, solenodons resemble rats with extremely elongated cartilaginous snouts, long, naked, scaly tails, small eyes, and coarse, dark brown to black hair. Between 70-80 centimeters (28-32 inches) long from nose to tail and weighing between 700–1,000g (25–35oz),[2] solenodons are known to become very easily agitated and may squeal or bite with little or no provocation.
The two living solenodon species are the Cuban Solenodon (Solenodon cubanus) of Cuba and the Haitian or Hispaniolan Solenodon (Solenodon paradoxus) of Hispaniola (island shared by the Dominican Republic and Haiti). Both became endangered species due to predation by the Small Asian Mongoose (specifically subspecies Herpestes javanicus auropunctatus), which was introduced in colonial times to hunt snakes and rats, as well as by feral cats and dogs. The Hispaniolan Solenodon is practically extinct, with sightings of specimens or their markings occurring rather infrequently. The Cuban Solenodon was thought to have been extinct until a live specimen was found in 2003. The Marcano's Solenodon (Solenodon marcanoi) went extinct in the Holocene.
Solenodons have a few intriguing traits, two of them being the position of the teats (2) on the female, almost on the buttocks of the animal, and the second being the venomous saliva that flows from modified salivary glands in the mandible through grooves on the second lower incisors ("solenodon" derives from the Greek "grooved tooth"). Solenodons are among a handful of venomous mammals.
The Solenodontidae family is interesting to phylogenetics researchers due to its retention of primitive mammal characteristics; their species resemble very closely those that lived near the end of the age of the dinosaurs.
References
1. ^ Hutterer, Rainer (16 November 2005). in Wilson, D. E., and Reeder, D. M. (eds): Mammal Species of the World, 3rd edition, Johns Hopkins University Press, 222-223. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.2005&rft.edition=3rd%20edition&rft.pub=Johns%20Hopkins%20University%20Press&rft.pages=222-223">
2. ^ Macdonald (Ed), Professor David W. (2006). The Encyclopedia of Mammals. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-920608-2.
2. ^ Macdonald (Ed), Professor David W. (2006). The Encyclopedia of Mammals. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-920608-2.
External links
S. cubanus
Binomial name
Solenodon cubanus
Peters, 1861
The Cuban Solenodon (Solenodon cubanus), known as the Almiqui in Cuba, is a soricomorph endemic to Cuba.
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Binomial name
Solenodon cubanus
Peters, 1861
The Cuban Solenodon (Solenodon cubanus), known as the Almiqui in Cuba, is a soricomorph endemic to Cuba.
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Scientific classification or biological classification is a method by which biologists group and categorize species of organisms. Scientific classification also can be called scientific taxonomy, but should be distinguished from folk taxonomy, which lacks scientific basis.
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Chordata
Bateson, 1885
Typical Classes
See below
Chordates (phylum Chordata) are a group of animals that includes the vertebrates, together with several closely related invertebrates.
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Bateson, 1885
Typical Classes
See below
Chordates (phylum Chordata) are a group of animals that includes the vertebrates, together with several closely related invertebrates.
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Mammalia
Linnaeus, 1758
Subclasses & Infraclasses
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Linnaeus, 1758
Subclasses & Infraclasses
- Subclass †Allotheria*
- Subclass Prototheria
- Subclass Theria
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Soricomorpha
Gregory, 1910
Families
The order Soricomorpha ("Shrew-form") is a biological clade within the class of mammals.
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Gregory, 1910
Families
- Nesophontidae
- Solenodontidae
- Soricidae
- Talpidae
The order Soricomorpha ("Shrew-form") is a biological clade within the class of mammals.
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Theodore Nicholas Gill (March 21, 1837 – September 25, 1914) was an American ichthyologist.
Gill was professor of zoology at George Washington University. He was also a member of the Megatherium Club at the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C.
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Gill was professor of zoology at George Washington University. He was also a member of the Megatherium Club at the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C.
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Johann Friedrich von Brandt (May 25, 1802 - July 15, 1879) was a German naturalist.
Brandt was born near Brandenburg and educated at Wittenberg and Berlin University. In 1831 he was appointed director of the Zoological Department at the St Petersburg Academy of Sciences.
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Brandt was born near Brandenburg and educated at Wittenberg and Berlin University. In 1831 he was appointed director of the Zoological Department at the St Petersburg Academy of Sciences.
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In biology, a type is that which fixes a name to a taxon. Depending on the nomenclature code which is applied to the organism in question, a type may be a specimen, culture, illustration, description or taxon.
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S. paradoxus
Binomial name
Solenodon paradoxus
Brandt, 1833
The Hispanioan Solenodon (Solenodon paradoxus), also known as the Haitian Solenodon or Agouta
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Binomial name
Solenodon paradoxus
Brandt, 1833
The Hispanioan Solenodon (Solenodon paradoxus), also known as the Haitian Solenodon or Agouta
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Johann Friedrich von Brandt (May 25, 1802 - July 15, 1879) was a German naturalist.
Brandt was born near Brandenburg and educated at Wittenberg and Berlin University. In 1831 he was appointed director of the Zoological Department at the St Petersburg Academy of Sciences.
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Brandt was born near Brandenburg and educated at Wittenberg and Berlin University. In 1831 he was appointed director of the Zoological Department at the St Petersburg Academy of Sciences.
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S. cubanus
Binomial name
Solenodon cubanus
Peters, 1861
The Cuban Solenodon (Solenodon cubanus), known as the Almiqui in Cuba, is a soricomorph endemic to Cuba.
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Binomial name
Solenodon cubanus
Peters, 1861
The Cuban Solenodon (Solenodon cubanus), known as the Almiqui in Cuba, is a soricomorph endemic to Cuba.
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S. marcanoi
Binomial name
Solenodon marcanoi
(Patterson, 1962)
The Marcano's Solenodon (Solenodon marcanoi) was a species of mammal in the Solenodontidae family.
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Binomial name
Solenodon marcanoi
(Patterson, 1962)
The Marcano's Solenodon (Solenodon marcanoi) was a species of mammal in the Solenodontidae family.
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S. paradoxus
Binomial name
Solenodon paradoxus
Brandt, 1833
The Hispanioan Solenodon (Solenodon paradoxus), also known as the Haitian Solenodon or Agouta
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Binomial name
Solenodon paradoxus
Brandt, 1833
The Hispanioan Solenodon (Solenodon paradoxus), also known as the Haitian Solenodon or Agouta
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nocturnality describes sleeping during the daytime and being active at night - the opposite of the diurnal human lifestyle, and that of those animals with which we are most familiar. The intermediate crepuscular schedule (twilight activity) is also common.
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insectivore is a carnivore with a diet that consists chiefly of insects and similar small creatures.
Although individually small, insects exist in enormous numbers and make up a very large part of the animal biomass in almost all non-marine environments.
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Although individually small, insects exist in enormous numbers and make up a very large part of the animal biomass in almost all non-marine environments.
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Mammalia
Linnaeus, 1758
Subclasses & Infraclasses
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Linnaeus, 1758
Subclasses & Infraclasses
- Subclass †Allotheria*
- Subclass Prototheria
- Subclass Theria
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family (Latin: familia, plural familiae) is a rank, or a taxon in that rank. Exact details of formal nomenclature depend on the Nomenclature Code which applies.
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Soricidae
G. Fischer, 1814
Subfamilies
Crocidurinae
Myosoricinae
Soricinae
Shrews are small, superficially mouse-like mammals of the family Soricidae.
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G. Fischer, 1814
Subfamilies
Crocidurinae
Myosoricinae
Soricinae
Shrews are small, superficially mouse-like mammals of the family Soricidae.
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S. cubanus
Binomial name
Solenodon cubanus
Peters, 1861
The Cuban Solenodon (Solenodon cubanus), known as the Almiqui in Cuba, is a soricomorph endemic to Cuba.
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Binomial name
Solenodon cubanus
Peters, 1861
The Cuban Solenodon (Solenodon cubanus), known as the Almiqui in Cuba, is a soricomorph endemic to Cuba.
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Motto
Patria y Libertad (Spanish)
"Patriotism and Liberty" a
Anthem
La Bayamesa
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Patria y Libertad (Spanish)
"Patriotism and Liberty" a
Anthem
La Bayamesa
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S. paradoxus
Binomial name
Solenodon paradoxus
Brandt, 1833
The Hispanioan Solenodon (Solenodon paradoxus), also known as the Haitian Solenodon or Agouta
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Binomial name
Solenodon paradoxus
Brandt, 1833
The Hispanioan Solenodon (Solenodon paradoxus), also known as the Haitian Solenodon or Agouta
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Hispaniola
Native name: La Española<nowiki />
Topography map of Hispaniola
Geography
<nowiki/>
Location Caribbean Sea <nowiki />
Archipelago
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Native name: La Española<nowiki />
Topography map of Hispaniola
Geography
<nowiki/>
Location Caribbean Sea <nowiki />
Archipelago
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Motto
"Dios, Patria, Libertad" (Spanish)
"God, Homeland, Liberty"
Anthem
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"Dios, Patria, Libertad" (Spanish)
"God, Homeland, Liberty"
Anthem
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Motto
"L'Union Fait La Force" (French)
"Unity makes Strength"
Anthem
La Dessalinienne
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"L'Union Fait La Force" (French)
"Unity makes Strength"
Anthem
La Dessalinienne
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endangered species is a population of an organism which is at risk of becoming extinct because it is either few in number, or threatened by changing environmental or predation parameters.
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H. javanicus
Binomial name
Herpestes javanicus
(É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1818)
Subspecies
H. j. javanicus
H. j. auropunctatus
H. j. exilis
H. j.
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Binomial name
Herpestes javanicus
(É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1818)
Subspecies
H. j. javanicus
H. j. auropunctatus
H. j. exilis
H. j.
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S. marcanoi
Binomial name
Solenodon marcanoi
(Patterson, 1962)
The Marcano's Solenodon (Solenodon marcanoi) was a species of mammal in the Solenodontidae family.
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Binomial name
Solenodon marcanoi
(Patterson, 1962)
The Marcano's Solenodon (Solenodon marcanoi) was a species of mammal in the Solenodontidae family.
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Venom (literally, poison of animal origin) is any of a variety of toxins used by certain types of animals, for the purpose of defense and hunting. Generally, venom is injected while other toxins are absorbed by ingestion or through the skin.
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