iPedia Free Information Center

Information about Quintillion

The "standard dictionary numbers"

Throughout this article, exponential or scientific notation is used. 106 could also be written as the number 1 followed by six 0s, 1 000 000; 109 could be written as 1 000 000 000; and so on.

Names of numbers larger than a quadrillion are almost never used, for reasons discussed further below. It is debatable which of them should be considered real working English vocabulary and which are merely trivia, curiosities, or coinages. The following table lists those names of numbers which are found in many English dictionaries and thus have a special claim to being "real words". The "Traditional British" values shown are unused in American English and are becoming obsolete in British English, but are dominant in many non-English-speaking areas, including continental Europe and Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America; see Long and short scales.

Name Short scale
(USA and Modern British)		 Long scale
(Traditional British)		 Authorities
AHD4[1] COD[2] OED2[3] OEDnew[4] RHD2[5] SOED3[6] W3[7] UM[8]
million106106✓✓✓✓✓✓[9]
milliard 109✓✓✓[9]
billion1091012✓✓✓✓✓✓✓[9]
billiard 1015    [9] [9]✓
trillion10121018✓✓✓✓✓✓✓[9]
trilliard 1021[9]   [9] [9]✓
quadrillion10151024✓✓✓✓✓✓[9]
quintillion10181030✓✓✓✓✓✓[9]
sextillion10211036✓✓✓✓✓✓[9]
septillion10241042✓✓✓✓✓✓[9]
octillion10271048✓✓✓✓✓✓[9]
nonillion10301054✓✓✓✓✓✓[9]
decillion10331060✓✓✓✓✓✓[9]
undecillion10361066✓✓✓[9]
duodecillion10391072✓✓✓[9]
tredecillion10421078✓✓✓[9]
quattuordecillion10451084✓✓✓[9]
quindecillion (quinquadecillion)10481090✓✓✓[9]
sexdecillion (sedecillion)10511096✓✓✓[9]
septendecillion105410102✓✓✓[9]
octodecillion105710108✓✓✓[9]
novemdecillion (novendecillion)106010114✓✓✓[9]
vigintillion106310120✓✓✓✓✓✓[9]
googol1010010100✓✓✓✓✓✓[9]
centillion1030310600✓✓✓[9]
googolplex10101001010100✓✓✓✓✓✓ [9]
Skewes' number10101034✓✓✓


Centillion[10] appears to be the highest name ending in -illion that is included in these dictionaries. Trigintillion, often cited as a word in discussions of names of large numbers, is not included in any of them, nor are any of the names that can easily be created by extending the naming pattern (unvigintillion, duovigintillion, duoquinquagintillion, etc.).

All of the dictionaries included googol and googolplex, generally crediting it to the Kasner and Newman book and to Kasner's nephew. None include any higher names in the googol family (googolduplex, etc.). The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary comments that googol and googolplex are "not in formal mathematical use".

Usage of names of large numbers

Some large numbers have real referents in human experience, and their names are encountered in many contexts. For example, on one day in 2004, Google News showed 78 600 hits on billion, starting with "Turkey Repays USD 1.6 Billion In Foreign Debt". It showed 9870 hits on trillion and 56 on quadrillion: for example, "The US Department of Energy reports that in 2002, the United States economy consumed 97.6 quadrillion BTUs (quad BTUs)."

Names of larger numbers, however, have a tenuous, artificial existence. Although they may be found in dictionaries, these names are rarely found outside definitions, lists, and discussions of the ways in which large numbers are named. Even well-established names like sextillion are rarely used, since in the contexts of science, astronomy, and engineering, where large numbers often occur, numbers are usually written using scientific notation. In this notation, used since the 1800s, powers of ten are expressed as 10 with a numeric superscript, e.g., "The X-ray emission of the radio galaxy is 1.3·1045 ergs." When a number such as 1045 needs to be referred to in words, it is simply read out: "ten to the forty-fifth." This is just as easy to say, easier to understand, and less ambiguous than "quattuordecillion" (which means something different in the long scale and the short scale). When a number represents a quantity rather than a count, SI prefixes can be used; one says "femtosecond", not "one quadrillionth of a second", although often powers of ten are used instead of some of the very high and very low prefixes. In some cases, specialized units are used, such as the astronomer's parsec and light year or the particle physicist's barn.

Nevertheless, large numbers have an intellectual fascination and are of mathematical interest, and giving them names is one of the ways in which people try to conceptualize and understand them.

One of the first examples of this is The Sand Reckoner, in which Archimedes gave a system for naming large numbers. To do this, he called the numbers up to a myriad myriad (108) "first numbers" and called 108 itself the "unit of the second numbers". Multiples of this unit then became the second numbers, up to this unit taken a myriad myriad times, 108·108=1016. This became the "unit of the third numbers", whose multiples were the third numbers, and so on. Archimedes continued naming numbers in this way up to a myriad myriad times the unit of the 108-th numbers, i.e., and embedded this construction within another copy of itself to produce names for numbers up to Archimedes then estimated the number of grains of sand that would be required to fill the known Universe, and found that it was no more than "one thousand myriad of the eighth numbers" (1063.)

Since then, many others have engaged in the pursuit of conceptualizing and naming numbers that really have no existence outside of the imagination. One motivation for such a pursuit is that attributed to the inventor of the word googol, who was certain that any finite number "had to have a name". Another possible motivation is competition between students in computer programming courses, where a common exercise is that of writing a program to output numbers in the form of English words.

It should be noted, too, that most names proposed for large numbers belong to systematic schemes which are extensible. Thus, many names for large numbers are simply the result of following a naming system to its logical conclusion—or extending it further.

In this article, we present some names that have been given to large numbers, and the context and authority for the names. These numbers are almost pure mathematical abstractions, not physical realities. The names for such numbers are very rarely used. They may have a claim staked out for them in reference books, but they remain more in the nature of curiosities, trivia, or mathematical recreation than genuine working English vocabulary.

Adam, Chuquet and the origins of the "standard dictionary numbers"



The words bymillion and trimillion were first recorded in 1475 in a manuscript of Jehan Adam. Subsequently, Nicolas Chuquet wrote a book Triparty en la science des nombres which was not published during Chuquet's lifetime. However, most of it was copied by Estienne de La Roche for a portion of his 1520 book, L'arismetique. Chuquet's book contains a passage in which he shows a large number marked off into groups of six digits, with the comment:

Ou qui veult le premier point peult signiffier million Le second point byllion Le tiers poit tryllion Le quart quadrillion Le cinqe quyllion Le sixe sixlion Le sept.e septyllion Le huyte ottyllion Le neufe nonyllion et ainsi des ault's se plus oultre on vouloit preceder


(Or if you prefer the first mark can signify million, the second mark byllion, the third mark tryllion, the fourth quadrillion, the fifth quyillion, the sixth sixlion, the seventh septyllion, the eighth ottyllion, the ninth nonyllion and so on with others as far as you wish to go).


Chuquet is sometimes credited with inventing the names million, billion, trillion, quadrillion, and so forth. This is an oversimplification.
  • Million was certainly not invented by Adam or Chuquet. Milion is an Old French word thought to derive from Old Italian milione, an intensification of mille, a thousand. That is, a million is a big thousand, much as 1728 is a great gross.
  • From the way in which Adam and Chuquet use the words, it can be inferred that they were recording usage rather than inventing it. One obvious possibility is that words similar to billion and trillion were already in use and well-known, but that Chuquet, an expert in exponentiation, extended the naming scheme and invented the names for the higher powers.
  • Notice that Chuquet's names are only similar to, not identical to, the modern ones.
Adam and Chuquet used the long scale of powers of a million; that is, Adam's bymillion (Chuquet's byllion) denoted 1012, and Adam's trimillion (Chuquet's tryllion) denoted 1018.

An aide-memoire

An easy way to find the value of the above numbers in the short scale is to take the number indicated by the prefix (such as 2 in billion, 4 in quadrillion, 18 in octodecillion, etc.), add one to it, and multiply that result by 3. For example, in a trillion, the prefix is tri, meaning 3. Adding 1 to it gives 4. Now multiplying 4 by 3 gives us 12, which is the power to which 10 is to be raised to express a short-scale trillion in scientific notation: one trillion = 1012.

In the long scales, this is done simply by multiplying the number from the prefix by 6. For example, in a billion, the prefix is bi, meaning 2. Multiplying 2 by 6 gives us 12, which is the power to which 10 is to be raised to express a long-scale billion in scientific notation: one billion = 1012.

These mechanisms are illustrated in the table in long and short scales.

The googol family

The names googol and googolplex were invented by Edward Kasner's nephew, Milton Sirotta, and introduced in Kasner and Newman's 1940 book, Mathematics and the Imagination,[12] in the following passage:

Words of wisdom are spoken by children at least as often as by scientists. The name "googol" was invented by a child (Dr. Kasner's nine-year-old nephew) who was asked to think up a name for a very big number, namely 1 with a hundred zeroes after it. He was very certain that this number was not infinite, and therefore equally certain that it had to have a name. At the same time that he suggested "googol" he gave a name for a still larger number: "Googolplex". A googolplex is much larger than a googol, but is still finite, as the inventor of the name was quick to point out. It was first suggested that a googolplex should be 1, followed by writing zeros until you got tired. This is a description of what would actually happen if one actually tried to write a googolplex, but different people get tired at different times and it would never do to have Carnera a better mathematician than Dr. Einstein, simply because he had more endurance. The googolplex is, then, a specific finite number, with so many zeros after the 1 that the number of zeros is a googol.


Value Name Authority
10100GoogolKasner and Newman, dictionaries (see above)
10googol = GoogolplexKasner and Newman, dictionaries (see above)


Conway and Guy [13] have suggested that N-plex be used as a name for 10N. This gives rise to the name googolplexplex for 10googolplex; however, the word googleplexian is given by one site. In addition, the terms googolduplex, googoltriplex, etc. have been coined by various persons for the numbers 10googolplex, 10googolduplex, etc. Conway and Guy [13] have proposed that N-minex be used as a name for 10-N, giving rise to the name googolminex for the reciprocal of a googolplex. None of these names are in wide use, nor are any currently found in dictionaries.

Extensions of the standard dictionary numbers

This section needs additional to facilitate its .
Please help [ improve this article] by adding reliable references
Unverifiable material may be .
This article has been tagged since June 2006.
This article or section may contain original research or unverified claims.
Please help Wikipedia by adding references. See the for details.
This article has been tagged since January 2007.


This table illustrates several systems for naming large numbers, and shows how they can be extended past decillion.

Traditional British usage assigned new names for each power of one million (the long scale): 1000000 = 1 million, 1000000² = 1 billion, 1000000³ = 1 trillion and so on. It was adapted from French usage, and is similar to the system that was documented or invented by Chuquet.

Traditional American usage (which, oddly enough, was also adapted from French usage but at a later date), and modern British usage, assigns new names for each power of one thousand (the short scale.) Thus, a billion is 1000 · 1000² = 109, a trillion is 1000 · 1000³ = 1012, and so forth. Due to its dominance in the financial world (and by the US-dollar) this was adopted for official United Nations documents.

Traditional French usage has varied; in 1948 , France, which had been using the short scale, reverted to the long scale.

The term milliard is unambiguous and always means 109. It is almost never seen in American usage, rarely in British usage, and frequently in European usage. The term is sometimes attributed to a French mathematician named Jacques Peletier du Mans circa 1550 (for this reason, the long scale is also known as the Chuquet-Peletier system), but the Oxford English Dictionary states that the term derives from post-Classical Latin term milliartum, which became milliare and then milliart and finally our modern term.

With regard to names ending in -illiard for numbers 106·n+3, milliard is certainly in widespread use in languages other than English, but the degree of actual use of the larger terms is questionable. For example, as of 2004, Google searches on French-language pages for trillion, quadrillion, and quintillion return 6630, 312, and 127 hits respectively, whilst searches for trilliard and quadrilliard return only 102 and 7 hits respectively. However, one has to take into account that these large numbers are not often needed and that scientists almost always use scientific notation. In German the terms "Milliarde", "Billiarde" etc. are out of question.

Names of reciprocals of large numbers do not need to be listed here, because they are regularly formed by adding -th, e.g. quattuordecillionth, centillionth, etc.

For additional details, see Billion (disambiguation) and long and short scales.

Value U.S. and modern British
(short scale)		 Traditional British
(long scale)		 Traditional European (Pelletier)
(long scale)
106MillionMillionMillion
109BillionThousand millionMilliard
1012TrillionBillionBillion
1015QuadrillionThousand billionBilliard
1018QuintillionTrillionTrillion
1021SextillionThousand trillionTrilliard
1024SeptillionQuadrillionQuadrillion
1027OctillionThousand quadrillionQuadrilliard
1030NonillionQuintillionQuintillion
1033DecillionThousand quintillionQuintilliard
1036UndecillionSextillionSextillion
1039DuodecillionThousand sextillionSextilliard
1042TredecillionSeptillionSeptillion
1045QuattuordecillionThousand septillionSeptilliard
1048QuindecillionOctillionOctillion
1051SexdecillionThousand octillionOctilliard
1054SeptendecillionNonillionNonillion
1057OctodecillionThousand nonillionNonilliard
1060NovemdecillionDecillionDecillion
1063VigintillionThousand decillionDecilliard
1066UnvigintillionUndecillionUndecillion
1069DuovigintillionThousand undecillionUndecilliard
1072TrevigintillionDuodecillionDuodecillion
1075QuattuorvigintillionThousand duodecillionDuodecilliard
1078QuinvigintillionTredecillionTredecillion
1081SexvigintillionThousand tredecillionTredecilliard
1084SeptenvigintillionQuattuordecillionQuattuordecillion
1087OctovigintillionThousand quattuordecillionQuattuordecilliard
1090NovemvigintillionQuindecillionQuindecillion
1093TrigintillionThousand quindecillionQuindecilliard
1096UntrigintillionSexdecillionSexdecillion
1099DuotrigintillionThousand sexdecillionSexdecilliard
10100Ten duotrigintillionTen thousand sexdecillionTen sexdecilliard
10102TretrigintillionSeptendecillionSeptendecillion
10105QuattuortrigintillionThousand septendecillionSeptendecilliard
10108QuintrigintillionOctodecillionOctodecillion
10111SextrigintillionThousand octodecillionOctodecilliard
10114SeptentrigintillionNovemdecillionNovemdecillion
10117OctotrigintillionThousand novemdecillionNovemdecilliard
10120NovemtrigintillionVigintillionVigintillion
10123QuadragintillionThousand vigintillionVigintilliard
10126UnquadragintillionUnvigintillionUnvigintillion
10129DuoquadragintillionThousand unvigintillionUnvigintilliard
10132TrequadragintillionDuovigintillionDuovigintillion
10135QuattuorquadragintillionThousand duovigintillionDuovigintilliard
10138QuintoquadragintillionTrevigintillionTrevigintillion
10141SexquadragintillionThousand trevigintillionTrevigintilliard
10144SeptenquadragintillionQuattuorvigintillionQuattuorvigintillion
10147OctoquadragintillionThousand quattuorvigintillionQuattuorvigintilliard
10150NovemquadragintillionQuinvigintillionQuinvigintillion
10153QuinquagintillionThousand quinvigintillionQuinvigintilliard
10156UnquinquagintillionSexvigintillionSexvigintillion
10159DuoquinquagintillionThousand sexvigintillionSexvigintilliard
10162TrequinquagintillionSeptenvigintillionSeptenvigintillion
10165QuattuorquinquagintillionThousand septenvigintillionSeptenvigintilliard
10168QuinquinquagintillionOctovigintillionOctovigintillion
10171SexquinquagintillionThousand octovigintillionOctovigintilliard
10174SeptenquinquagintillionNovemvigintillionNovemvigintillion
10177OctoquinquagintillionThousand novemvigintillionNovemvigintilliard
10180NovemquinquagintillionTrigintillionTrigintillion
10183SexagintillionThousand trigintillionTrigintilliard
10186Unsexagintillion......
10189Duosexagintillion......
10192Tresexagintillion......
10195Quattuorsexagintillion......
10198Quinsexagintillion......
10201Sexsexagintillion......
10204Septsexagintillion......
10207Octosexagintillion......
10210Novemsexagintillion......
10213SeptuagintillionThousand quintrigintillionQuintrigintilliard
10216Unseptuagintillion......
10219Duoseptuagintillion......
10222Treseptuagintillion......
10225Quattuorseptuagintillion......
10228Quinseptuagintillion......
10231Sexseptuagintillion......
10234Septseptuagintillion......
10237Octoseptuagintillion......
10240NovemseptuagintillionQuadragintillionQuadragintillion
10243OctogintillionThousand quadragintillionQuadragintilliard
10246Unoctogintillion......
10249Duooctogintillion......
10252Treoctogintillion......
10255Quattuoroctogintillion......
10258Quinoctogintillion......
10261Sexoctogintillion......
10264Septoctogintillion......
10267Octooctogintillion......
10270NovemoctogintillionQuinquadragintillionQuinquadragintillion
10273NonagintillionThousand QuinquadragintillionQuinquadragintilliard
10276Unnonagintillion......
10279Duononagintillion......
10282Trenonagintillion......
10285Quattuornonagintillion......
10288Quinnonagintillion......
10291Sexnonagintillion......
10294Septnonagintillion......
10297Octononagintillion......
10300NovemnonagintillionQuinquagintillionQuinquagintillion
10303CentillionThousand quinquagintillionQuinquagintilliard
10306Cenuntillion......
10309Cendotillion......
10312Centretillion......
10360CennovemdecillionSexagintillionSexagintillion
10363CenvigintillionThousand sexagintillionSexagintilliard
10420CennovemtrigintillionSeptuagintillionSeptuagintillion
10423CenquadragintillionThousand septuagintillionSeptuagintilliard
10480CennovemquinquagintillionOctogintillionOctogintillion
10483CensexagintillionThousand octogintillionOctogintilliard
10540CennovemseptuagintillionNonagintillionNonagintillion
10543CenoctogintillionThousand nonagintillionNonagintilliard
10600CennovemnonagintillionCentillionCentillion
10603DucentillionThousand centillionCentilliard
10903Trecentillion......
101203Quadringentillion.....
101503Quingentillion......
101803Sescentillion......
102103Septingentillion......
102403OctingentillionThousand quadringentillionQuadringentilliard
102703NongentillionThousand quadringentiquinquagintillionQuadringentiquinquagintilliard
103003MillillionThousand quingentillionQuingentilliard
1010100Googolplex......
10googolplexGoogolplexian......


The system of using Latin prefixes will become ambiguous for numbers with exponents of a size which the Romans rarely counted to, like 106,000,258. John Horton Conway and Richard Guy have proposed[13] a consistent set of conventions which permit the system to provide "English names", in principle, for any integer whatever.

Other large numbers used in mathematics

See also

External links

References

1. ^ American Heritage Dictionary, 4th edition, ISBN 0-395-82517-2. [1]
2. ^ Cambridge Dictionaries Online, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
3. ^ Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0198611862 (and addendums since publication in 1989.)
4. ^ Oxford English Dictionary, New Edition, Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. [2] (subscription required), checked April 2007
5. ^ The Random House Dictionary, 2nd Unabridged Edition, 1987, Random House.
6. ^ Shorter Oxford English Dictionary, 3rd edition, 1993, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
7. ^ Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged, 1993, Merriam-Webster.
8. ^ How Many? A Dictionary of Units of Measures. Russ Rowlett and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Retrieved on 1 April 2007. “billiard unit of quantity equal to 1015, which is one quadrillion in American terminology or 1000 billion in traditional British terminology. The name is coined to parallel milliard, which has long been a name for 1000 million.
trilliard a unit of quantity equal to 1021, which is one sextillion in American terminology or 1000 trillion in traditional British terminology. The name is coined to parallel milliard, which has long been a name for 1000 million.
9. ^ Not verified whether this term is mentioned in this work of reference
10. ^ Entry for centillion in the American Heritage Dictionary
11. ^ Schlosser, Eric [2001] (2002). Fast Food Nation. London, England: Penguin Books, 66. ISBN 0-14-100687-0. 
12. ^ Kasner, Edward and James Newman, Mathematics and the Imagination, 1940, Simon and Schuster, New York.
13. ^ The Book of Numbers, J. H. Conway and R. K. Guy, New York: Springer-Verlag, 1996, pp. 15–16. ISBN 0-387-97993-X.
Scientific notation, also known as standard form, is a notation for writing numbers that is often used by scientists and mathematicians to make it easier to write large and small numbers.
..... Click the link for more information.
Continental Europe, also referred to as mainland Europe or simply the Continent, is the continent of Europe, explicitly excluding European islands and, at times, peninsulas.
..... Click the link for more information.

 Spanish, Castilian}}} 
Writing system: Latin (Spanish variant)
Language codes
ISO 639-1: none
ISO 639-2: —
ISO 639-3: —

Spanish (
..... Click the link for more information.


Latin America (Portuguese and Spanish: América Latina; French: Amérique Latine) is the region of the Americas where Romance languages, those derived from Latin (particularly Spanish and Portuguese), are primarily spoken.
..... Click the link for more information.
The long and short scales are two different numerical systems used throughout the world:

Short scale is the English translation of the French term échelle courte.

..... Click the link for more information.
The long and short scales are two different numerical systems used throughout the world:

Short scale is the English translation of the French term échelle courte.

..... Click the link for more information.
The long and short scales are two different numerical systems used throughout the world:

Short scale is the English translation of the French term échelle courte.

..... Click the link for more information.
million (1,000,000), or one thousand thousand, is the natural number following 999,999 and preceding 1,000,001.

In scientific notation, it is written as 106[1]
..... Click the link for more information.
Milliard is a French-derived word meaning the number 1,000,000,000 (109; one thousand million; SI prefix giga). It is not used in American English and is rare in other forms of English - the preferred term being 'thousand million'.
..... Click the link for more information.
Billion may mean:

Numbers

Either of two numbers (see long and short scales for more detail):
  • 1,000,000,000 (one thousand million; ; SI prefix giga) - increasingly common meaning in English-language usage

..... Click the link for more information.
Trillion may mean:

Numbers

Either of the two numbers (see long and short scales for more detail):
  • 1,000,000,000,000 (one million million; ; SI prefix tera) - increasingly common meaning in English language usage.

..... Click the link for more information.
Quadrillion may mean either of the two numbers (see long and short scales for more detail):
  • 1,000,000,000,000,000 (one thousand million million; ; SI prefix peta) - increasingly common meaning in English language usage.

..... Click the link for more information.
Googol is the large number 10100, that is, the digit 1 followed by one hundred zeros (in decimal representation). The term was coined in 1920 by nine-year-old Milton Sirotta (1911–1981), nephew of American mathematician Edward Kasner.
..... Click the link for more information.
Googolplex is the number 1010100.

lt can also be written as 10googol, or as a one followed by a googol zeros.

Etymology

In about 1920, Edward Kasner's nine-year-old nephew Milton Sirotta coined the term "googol"; Milton then proposed
..... Click the link for more information.
In number theory, Skewes' number can refer to several extremely large numbers used by the South African mathematician Stanley Skewes.

By definition, the number is the smallest natural number x for which

..... Click the link for more information.
Fast Food Nation

Paperback edition
Author Eric Schlosser
Country United States
Language English
Subject(s) Fast food
Genre(s) Non-fiction
Publisher Houghton Mifflin
..... Click the link for more information.
Eric Schlosser (born August 17, 1959) is an award-winning American journalist and author known for investigative or muckraking journalism. A number of critics have compared his work to that of Upton Sinclair [1] .
..... Click the link for more information.
geographic information system (GIS) (also known as geographical information system, particularly in the UK, and geomatics in Canada) is a system for capturing, storing, analyzing and managing data and associated attributes which are spatially referenced to the
..... Click the link for more information.
This article or section may contain original research or unverified claims.
Please help Wikipedia by adding references. See the for details.
This article has been tagged since September 2007.

..... Click the link for more information.
Satellite imagery consists of photographs of Earth or other planets made from artificial satellites.

History

The first satellite photographs of Earth were made August 14, 1959 by the US satellite Explorer 6.
..... Click the link for more information.
Income, generally defined, is the money that is received as a result of the normal business activities of an individual or a business.

Internationally, the accounting term income is synonymous to term revenue minus expenses.
..... Click the link for more information.
House plans often come in the form of a set of construction or working drawings, although these are still sometimes called blueprints. This set generally includes the following sheets:

Sheets

  • Foundation plan, including dimensions and locations for footings.

..... Click the link for more information.
Highway engineering is the process of design and construction of efficient and safe highways and roads. It became prominent in the 20th century and has its roots in the discipline of civil engineering. Standards of highway engineering are continuously being improved.
..... Click the link for more information.
Demographics refers to selected population characteristics as used in government, marketing or opinion research, or the demographic profiles used in such research. (Note the distinction from demography, see below.
..... Click the link for more information.
Howard Phillips Lovecraft

Born: July 20 1890(1890--)
Providence, Rhode Island, USA
Died: March 15 1937 (aged 48)
Providence, Rhode Island, USA
Occupation: short story writer
novelist
..... Click the link for more information.
"The Call of Cthulhu"
Author H. P. Lovecraft
Language English
Genre(s) Horror short story
Published in Weird Tales
Media type Magazine
Publication date February, 1928
For the 2005 film, see The Call of Cthulhu (film).

..... Click the link for more information.
number is an abstract idea used in counting and measuring. A symbol which represents a number is called a numeral, but in common usage the word number is used for both the idea and the symbol.
..... Click the link for more information.
British thermal unit (BTU or Btu) is a unit of energy used in the United States of America, particularly in the power, steam generation and heating and air conditioning industries.
..... Click the link for more information.
Scientific notation, also known as standard form, is a notation for writing numbers that is often used by scientists and mathematicians to make it easier to write large and small numbers.
..... Click the link for more information.
An SI prefix (also known as a metric prefix) is a name or associated symbol that precedes a unit of measure (or its symbol) to form a decimal multiple or submultiple.
..... Click the link for more information.


This article is copied from an article on Wikipedia.org - the free encyclopedia created and edited by online user community. The text was not checked or edited by anyone on our staff. Although the vast majority of the wikipedia encyclopedia articles provide accurate and timely information please do not assume the accuracy of any particular article. This article is distributed under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License.
Herod_Archelaus


page counter