Information about Platysma
| Platysma is visible at bottom, in neck | ||
| subject #110 387 | ||
| Origin: | inferior clavicle and fascia of chest | |
| Insertion: | mandible | |
| Artery: | ||
| Nerve: | cervical branch of the facial nerve (CN VII) | |
| Action: | Draws the corners of the mouth inferiorly and widens it (as in expressions of sadness and fright). Also draws the skin of the neck superiorly when teeth are clenched | |
| Antagonist: | Masseter, Temporalis | |
| Dorlands/Elsevier | p_23/12646241 | |
It is a broad sheet arising from the fascia covering the upper parts of the Pectoralis major and Deltoideus; its fibers cross the clavicle, and proceed obliquely upward and medialward along the side of the neck.
The anterior fibers interlace, below and behind the symphysis menti, with the fibers of the muscle of the opposite side; the posterior fibers cross the mandible, some being inserted into the bone below the oblique line, others into the skin and subcutaneous tissue of the lower part of the face, many of these fibers blending with the muscles about the angle and lower part of the mouth.
Sometimes fibers can be traced to the Zygomaticus, or to the margin of the Orbicularis oculi. Beneath the Platysma, the external jugular vein descends from the angle of the mandible to the clavicle.
Variations
Variations occur in the extension over the face and over the clavicle and shoulder; it may be absent or interdigitate with the muscle of the opposite side in front of the neck; attachment to clavicle, mastoid process or occipital bone occurs. A more or less independent fasciculus, the Occipitalis minor, may extend from the fascia over the Trapezius to fascia over the insertion of the Sternocleidomastoideus.Nerve
The Platysma is supplied by the cervical branch of the facial nerve.Actions
When the entire Platysma is in action it produces a slight wrinkling of the surface of the skin of the neck in an oblique direction. Its anterior portion, the thickest part of the muscle, depresses the lower jaw; it also serves to draw down the lower lip and angle of the mouth in the expression of melancholy.External links
- Platysma+muscle at eMedicine Dictionary
Additional images
) Mandible. Outer surface. Side view. | Veins of the head and neck. | The nerves of the scalp, face, and side of neck. |
External links
This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. As such, some of the information contained herein may be outdated. Please edit the article if this is the case, and feel free to remove this notice when it is no longer relevant.Muscles of head and neck: the neck | |
|---|---|
| CERVICAL | platysma - sternocleidomastoid |
| SUPRAHYOID | digastric - stylohyoid - mylohyoid - geniohyoid |
| INFRAHYOID/STRAP | sternohyoid - sternothyroid - thyrohyoid - omohyoid |
| VERTEBRAL — ANTERIOR | longus colli - longus capitis - rectus capitis anterior - rectus capitis lateralis |
| LATERAL | scalene (anterior - medius - posterior) |
bold refer to the diagram at right.)
In the skull (8):
..... Click the link for more information.
In the skull (8):
- 1-9. cranium
- 7. mandible
- malleus
- incus
- stapes
- hyoid
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- Collarbone and collar bone redirect here. The eye abnormality is correctly spelled coloboma.
- This article uses some professional terms to describe relative positions and directions.
..... Click the link for more information.
bold refer to the diagram at right.)
In the skull (8):
..... Click the link for more information.
In the skull (8):
- 1-9. cranium
- 7. mandible
- malleus
- incus
- stapes
- hyoid
..... Click the link for more information.
mandible (from Latin mandibūla, "jawbone") or inferior maxillary bone is, together with the maxilla, the largest and strongest bone of the face . It forms the lower jaw and holds the lower teeth in place.
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Arteries are muscular blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.[1] All arteries, with the exception of the pulmonary and umbilical arteries, carry oxygenated blood.
The circulatory system is extremely important for sustaining life.
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The circulatory system is extremely important for sustaining life.
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- Accessory nerve
- Accessory obturator nerve
- Alderman's nerve
- Anococcygeal nerve
- Ansa cervicalis
- Anterior interosseous nerve
- Anterior superior alveolar nerve
- Aortic plexus
- Auerbach's plexus
- Auriculotemporal nerve
- Axillary nerve
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The cervical branch of the facial nerve runs forward beneath the Platysma, and forms a series of arches across the side of the neck over the suprahyoid region.
One branch descends to join the cervical cutaneous nerve from the cervical plexus; others supply the Platysma.
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One branch descends to join the cervical cutaneous nerve from the cervical plexus; others supply the Platysma.
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The facial nerve is the seventh (VII) of twelve paired cranial nerves. It emerges from the brainstem between the pons and the medulla, and controls the muscles of facial expression, and taste to the anterior two-thirds of the tongue.
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Kinesiology is the scientific study of the anatomy, physiology, and mechanics of body movement, especially in humans. [1] The word kinesiology is derived the Greek "kinesis" (motion) + the suffix -ology or -logy from the greek "logos" or "logia"(meaning a field of study).
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mouth, also known as the buccal cavity or the oral cavity, is the orifice through which an organism takes in food and water.
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Location
In all mammals, the mouth is forward-facing in the face. Non-mammals have mouths in other locations (e.g...... Click the link for more information.
In sciences dealing with the anatomy of animals, precise anatomical terms of location are necessary for a variety of reasons. Non-scientists often wonder why zoological and human anatomists use complex terminology to describe locations on a body, when common terms like "up",
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Skin layers: epidermis, dermis, and subcutis, showing a hair follicle, sweat gland & sebaceous gland.]] In zootomy and dermatology, skin is the largest organ of the integumentary system made up of multiple layers of epithelial tissues that guard underlying muscles and organs.
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The neck is the part of the body on many limbed vertebrates that distinguishes the head from the torso or trunk.
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Anatomy of the human neck
Bony anatomy: The cervical spine
The cervical portion of the human spine..... Click the link for more information.
Teeth (singular, tooth) are structures found in the jaws (or mouths) of many vertebrates that are used to tear, scrape, and chew food. Some animals, particularly carnivores, also use teeth for hunting or defense. The roots of teeth are covered by gums.
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An antagonist is a kind of muscle that acts in opposition to the movement generated by the agonist and is responsible for returning a limb to its initial position.
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Antagonistic pairs in houses
These antagonistic muscles are found in pairs called antagonistic pairs...... Click the link for more information.
In human anatomy, the masseter is one of the muscles of mastication.
It is particularly powerful in herbivores to assist when they are chewing plants.
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It is particularly powerful in herbivores to assist when they are chewing plants.
Origin and insertion of the two heads
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The temporalis muscle is one of the muscles of mastication.
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Structure
It arises from the temporal fossa and the deep part of temporal fascia. It passes medial to the zygomatic arch and inserts onto the coronoid process of the mandible...... Click the link for more information.
Elsevier, the world's largest publisher of medical and scientific literature, forms part of the Reed Elsevier group. Based in Amsterdam, the company has substantial operations in the UK, USA and elsewhere.
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Superficial is a general term meaning "regarding the surface", often metaphorically. Both in the literal as in the metaphorical sense the term has often a negative connotation based on the idea that deeper parts are also important to consider.
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MUSCLE (multiple sequence comparison by log-expectation) is public domain, multiple sequence alignment software for protein and nucleotide sequences.
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In human anatomy, the sternocleidomastoid (pronounced /ˌstɚ.noˌkli.dəˈmæs.tɔɪ̯d/) muscles are anterior muscles in the neck that act to flex and rotate the head.
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Not to be confused with Fuchsia.
Fascia (făsh'ē-ə), pl. fas·ci·ae (făsh'ē-ē), adj. fascial (făsh'ē-əl) (from latin: a band) is the soft tissue component of the connective tissue system that
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The Pectoralis major is a thick, fan-shaped muscle, situated at the upper front (anterior) of the chest wall. It makes up the bulk of the chest muscles in the male and lies under the breast in the female.
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In human anatomy, the deltoid muscle is the muscle forming the rounded contour of the shoulder.
It was previously called the Deltoideus and the name is still used by some anatomists. It is called so because it is in the shape of the Greek letter Delta (triangle).
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It was previously called the Deltoideus and the name is still used by some anatomists. It is called so because it is in the shape of the Greek letter Delta (triangle).
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- Collarbone and collar bone redirect here. The eye abnormality is correctly spelled coloboma.
- This article uses some professional terms to describe relative positions and directions.
..... Click the link for more information.
symphysis menti or line of junction of the two pieces of which the bone is composed at an early period of life.
This ridge divides below and encloses a triangular eminence, the mental protuberance, the base of which is depressed in the center but raised on either side to
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This ridge divides below and encloses a triangular eminence, the mental protuberance, the base of which is depressed in the center but raised on either side to
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mandible (from Latin mandibūla, "jawbone") or inferior maxillary bone is, together with the maxilla, the largest and strongest bone of the face . It forms the lower jaw and holds the lower teeth in place.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
subcutis is the layer of tissue directly underlying the cutis. It is mainly composed of adipose tissue. Its physiological function includes insulation and storage of nutrients.
Subcutaneous injections are given by injecting a fluid or a solid pellet into the subcutis.
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Subcutaneous injections are given by injecting a fluid or a solid pellet into the subcutis.
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Zygomaticus can refer to:
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- Zygomatic bone
- Zygomaticus minor muscle
- Zygomaticus major muscle
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The orbicularis oculi is a muscle in the face that closes the eyelids. It arises from the nasal part of the frontal bone, from the frontal process of the maxilla in front of the lacrimal groove, and from the anterior surface and borders of a short fibrous band, the medial
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