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Information about Permanent Teeth

Permanent teeth are the second set of teeth formed in humans. There are 32 permanent teeth, consisting of 6 maxillary and 6 mandibular molars, 4 maxillary and 4 mandibular premolars, 2 maxillary and 2 mandibular canines, 4 maxillary and 4 mandibular incisors.

The first permanent tooth usually appears in the mouth at around six years of age, and the mouth will then be in a transition period with both deciduous teeth and permanent teeth until the last deciduous tooth is lost. The last permanent tooth usually arrives at around 18 years of age, but this can vary greatly between individuals.

References

  • Ash, Major M. and Stanley J. Nelson, 2003. Wheeler’s Dental Anatomy, Physiology, and Occlusion. 8th edition.
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General anatomy of head and neck - head
Face/OcciputForehead • Eye • Ear • Temple • Cheek • Chin
External noseNostril • Nasal septum • Cartilages (Accessory nasal, of the septum, Greater alar, Lateral nasal, Lesser alar, Vomeronasal)  • Olfactory glands
Nasal cavityChoana • Turbinate • Sphenoethmoidal recess • Ethmoid bulla • Hiatus semilunaris • Ostium maxillare • Inferior meatus • Vomeronasal organ • Paranasal sinus
Mouth/oral cavityLip • Philtrum • Jaw • Pterygomandibular raphe
TeethPermanent (Incisor, Canine, Premolar, Molar)  • Deciduous
TonguePlica fimbriata • Median sulcus • Foramen cecum • Terminal sulcus • Frenulum linguae • Anterior tongue • Posterior tongue
Palate/roof of mouthHard palate • Soft palate • Palatine raphe • Incisive papilla • Uvula • Pharyngeal recess • Arches: (Palatoglossal • Palatopharyngeal)
Salivary glands(Parotid • Sublingual • Submandibular) • Ducts: Submandibular • Parotid
fasciaMasseteric fascia • Temporal fascia • Galea aponeurotica • Scalp
Teeth (singular, tooth) are structures found in the jaws (or mouths) of many vertebrates that are used to tear, scrape, and chew food. Some animals, particularly carnivores, also use teeth for hunting or defense. The roots of teeth are covered by gums.
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Molars are the rearmost and most complicated kind of tooth in most mammals. In many mammals they grind food; hence the Latin name mola, "millstone".

Human molars

Adult humans have twelve molars, in four groups of three at the back of the mouth.
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The premolar teeth or bicuspids are transitional teeth located between the canine and molar teeth. In humans, there are two premolars per quadrant, making eight premolars total in the mouth. They have at least two cusps.
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This article or section may be confusing or unclear for some readers.
Please [improve the article] or discuss this issue on the talk page. This article has been tagged since December 1909.
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Incisors (from Latin incidere, "to cut") are the first kind of tooth in heterodont mammals. They are located in the premaxilla.

Function

In many herbivorous or omnivorous mammals, such as the human and the horse, they are adapted for shearing sharply.
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mouth, also known as the buccal cavity or the oral cavity, is the orifice through which an organism takes in food and water.

Location

In all mammals, the mouth is forward-facing in the face. Non-mammals have mouths in other locations (e.g.
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Deciduous teeth, otherwise known as milk teeth, baby teeth, temporary teeth or primary teeth, are the first set of teeth in the growth development of humans and many other mammals.
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Human anatomy is primarily the scientific study of the morphology of the adult human body.[1] It is subdivided into gross anatomy and microscopic anatomy.[1]
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Head and neck anatomy focuses on the structures of the head and neck of the human body, including the brain, bones, muscles, blood vessels, nerves, glands, nose, mouth, teeth, tongue, and throat.
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head of an animal is the rostral part (from anatomical position) that usually comprises the brain, eyes, ears, nose, and mouth (all of which aid in various sensory functions, such as sight, hearing, smell, and taste).
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The face is the front part of the head, in humans from the forehead to chin including the hair, forehead, eyebrow, eyes, nose, cheeks, mouth, lips, philtrum, teeth, skin, and chin. The face is used for expression, appearance and identity amongst others.
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The occiput is the anatomical term for the posterior portion of the head.

Clinical significance

Trauma to the occiput can cause a basilar skull fracture.

Identification of the location of the fetal occiput is important in obstetrics.
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In human anatomy, the forehead or brow is the bony part of the head above the eyes. People who have a large forehead are often said to have a fivehead.

Anatomy

In modern humans it is roughly vertical, ending at the hairline where the head flattens out.
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Eyes are organs of vision that detect light. Different kinds of light-sensitive organs are found in a variety of organisms. The simplest eyes do nothing but detect whether the surroundings are light or dark, while more complex eyes can distinguish shapes and colors.
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outer ear is the most external portion of the ear. The outer ear includes the pinnae (also called auricle), the ear canal, and the very most superficial layer of the ear drum (also called the tympanic membrane).
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Temple indicates the side of the head behind the eyes. The bone beneath is the temporal bone.

Anatomy

Cladists classify land vertebrates based on the presence of an upper hole, a lower hole, both, or neither in the cover of dermal bone which formerly covered the
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Cheeks (Latin: bucca, also malā: "jaw") constitute the area of the face below the eyes and between the nose and the left or right ear.

It is fleshy in humans and other mammals, the skin being suspended by the chin and the jaws, and forming the lateral
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As an acronym, CHIN may refer to:
  • Canadian Heritage Information Network, a government agency in Canada which promotes Canadian culture and heritage on the Internet

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The factual accuracy of part of this article is disputed.
The dispute is about Nasology, which has been described as "an extended joke at the expense of Phrenology"''.

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nostril (or naris, pl. nares) is one of the two channels of the nose, from the point where they bifurcate to the external opening. In birds and mammals, they contain branched bones or cartilages called turbinates, whose function is to warm air on inhalation and
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The nasal septum separates the left and right airways in the nose, dividing the two nostrils.

It is depressed by the Depressor septi nasi muscle.

Composition

The fleshy external end of the nasal septum is sometimes also called columella.
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The accessory nasal cartilages are small cartilages of the nose connecting the greater alar cartilage and lateral nasal cartilage.

External links

  • Accessory+nasal+cartilages at eMedicine Dictionary

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The cartilage of the septum (or septal cartilage, or quadrangular cartilage) is somewhat quadrilateral in form, thicker at its margins than at its center, and completes the separation between the nasal cavities in front.
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The greater alar cartilage (lower lateral cartilage) is a thin, flexible plate, situated immediately below the preceding, and bent upon itself in such a manner as to form the medial wall and lateral wall of the naris of its own side.
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The lateral cartilage (upper lateral cartilage) is situated below the inferior margin of the nasal bone, and is flattened, and triangular in shape.

Its anterior margin is thicker than the posterior, and is continuous above with the cartilage of the septum, but
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lesser alar cartilages.

External links

  • minor+alar+cartilage at eMedicine Dictionary
This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. As such, some of the information contained herein may be outdated.
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The vomeronasal cartilage (or Jacobson's cartilage) is a narrow strip of cartilage, low on the medial wall of the nasal cavity. It lies between the cartilaginous nasal septum and the vomer.
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olfactory glands (glands of Bowman), identical in structure with serous glands.

See also

  • William Bowman

External links

  • Slide at ouhsc.

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The nasal cavity (or nasal fossa) is a large air-filled space above and behind the nose in the middle of the face.

Function

The nasal cavity conditions the air to be received by the areas of the respiratory tract.
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Please help recruit one or [ improve this article] yourself. See the talk page for details.
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