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Information about Periodic Table (standard)

This is a standard display of the periodic table of the elements. For more information on its contents and history, see the article Periodic table.


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Group ? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
↓ Period
1 1
H
2
He
2 3
Li		4
Be
5
B		6
C		7
N		8
O		9
F		10
Ne
3 11
Na		12
Mg
13
Al		14
Si		15
P		16
S		17
Cl		18
Ar
4 19
K		20
Ca		21
Sc		22
Ti		23
V		24
Cr		25
Mn		26
Fe		27
Co		28
Ni		29
Cu		30
Zn		31
Ga		32
Ge		33
As		34
Se		35
Br		36
Kr
5 37
Rb		38
Sr		39
Y		40
Zr		41
Nb		42
Mo		43
Tc		44
Ru		45
Rh		46
Pd		47
Ag		48
Cd		49
In		50
Sn		51
Sb		52
Te		53
I		54
Xe
6 55
Cs		56
Ba		*
72
Hf		73
Ta		74
W		75
Re		76
Os		77
Ir		78
Pt		79
Au		80
Hg		81
Tl		82
Pb		83
Bi		84
Po		85
At		86
Rn
7 87
Fr		88
Ra		**
104
Rf		105
Db		106
Sg		107
Bh		108
Hs		109
Mt		110
Ds		111
Rg		112
Uub		113
Uut		114
Uuq		115
Uup		116
Uuh		117
Uus		118
Uuo

* Lanthanides57
La		58
Ce		59
Pr		60
Nd		61
Pm		62
Sm		63
Eu		64
Gd		65
Tb		66
Dy		67
Ho		68
Er		69
Tm		70
Yb		71
Lu
** Actinides89
Ac		90
Th		91
Pa		92
U		93
Np		94
Pu		95
Am		96
Cm		97
Bk		98
Cf		99
Es		100
Fm		101
Md		102
No		103
Lr


Notes
  • Lanthanides are also known as "rare earth elements", a deprecated term. Regarding group membership of these elements, see here.
  • Alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, actinides, lanthanides, and poor metals are all collectively known as "metals".
  • Halogens and noble gases are also non-metals.
Chemical series of the periodic table
     Alkali metals      Alkaline earth metals      Lanthanides      Actinides      Transition metals      Poor metals      Metalloids      Nonmetals      Halogens      Noble gases
State at standard temperature and pressure (0 C and 1 atm)
Gases Liquids Solids
Natural occurrence
UndiscoveredSyntheticFrom decayPrimordial
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See also

External links

 •  • [ e]
Periodic tables
LayoutsStandard Vertical Full names Names and atomic masses Text for last Huge table Metals and nonmetals Blocks Valences Inline f-block 218 elements Electron configurations Atomic masses Electronegativities Alternatives
Lists of elementsName Atomic symbol Atomic number Boiling point Melting point Density Atomic mass
Groups1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Periods:1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
SeriesAlkalis Alkaline earths Lanthanides Actinides Transition metals Poor metals Metalloids Nonmetals Halogens Noble gases
Blockss-block p-block d-block f-block g-block
standard periodic table below.


The periodic table of the chemical elements is a tabular method of displaying the chemical elements. Although precursors to this table exist, its invention is generally credited to Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev in 1869.
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A group, also known as a family, is a vertical column in the periodic table of the chemical elements. There are 18 groups in the standard periodic table.

The modern explanation of the pattern of the periodic table is that the elements in a group have similar
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The alkaline earth metals are a series of elements comprising Group 2 (IUPAC style) of the periodic table: beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba) and radium (Ra).
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Periods:]] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Series Alkalis Alkaline earths Lanthanides Actinides Transition metals Poor metals Metalloids Nonmetals Halogens Noble gases
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A period 1 element is one of the chemical elements in the first row (or period) of the periodic table of the elements.

Period one is much shorter than any other row in the table, and contains only two elements, hydrogen and helium.
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1, −1
(amphoteric oxide)
Electronegativity 2.20 (Pauling scale) More

Atomic radius 25 pm
Atomic radius (calc.) 53 pm
Covalent radius 37 pm
Van der Waals radius 120 pm
Miscellaneous

Thermal conductivity (300 K) 180.
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Helium (He) is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, non-toxic, inert monatomic chemical element that heads the noble gas series in the periodic table and whose atomic number is 2.
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A period 2 element is one of the chemical elements in the second row (or period) of the periodic table of the elements.

These are: Chemical elements in the second period
Group 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
#
Name 3
Li 4
Be 5
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Lithium (IPA: /ˈlɪθiəm/) is a chemical element with the symbol Li and atomic number 3. It is a soft alkali metal with a silver-white color.
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Beryllium (IPA: /bəˈrɪliəm/) is the chemical element that has the symbol Be and atomic number 4.
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Boron (IPA: /ˈbɔːrɒn/) is a chemical element with atomic number 5 and the chemical symbol B. A trivalent compound containing boron occurs abundantly in the ore borax.
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4, 2
(mildly acidic oxide)
Electronegativity 2.55 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies
(more) 1st: 1086.5 kJmol−1
2nd: 2352.6 kJmol−1
3rd: 4620.5 kJmol−1

Atomic radius 70 pm
Atomic radius (calc.
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3, 5, 4, 2
(strongly acidic oxide)
Electronegativity 3.04 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies
(more) 1st: 1402.3 kJmol−1
2nd: 2856 kJmol−1
3rd: 4578.1 kJmol−1

Atomic radius 65 pm
Atomic radius (calc.
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2, −1
(neutral oxide)
Electronegativity 3.44 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies
(more) 1st: 1313.9 kJmol−1
2nd: 3388.3 kJmol−1
3rd: 5300.5 kJmol−1

Atomic radius 60 pm
Atomic radius (calc.
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100% F is stable with 10 neutrons
References
This box:  •

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90.48% Ne is stable with 10 neutrons
21Ne 0.27% Ne is stable with 11 neutrons
22Ne 9.25% Ne is stable with 12 neutrons
References
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A period 3 element is one of the chemical elements in the third row (or period) of the periodic table of the elements.

These are: Chemical elements in the third period
Group 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
#
Name 11
Na 12
Mg 13
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Sodium (IPA: /ˈsəʊdiəm/) is a chemical element which has the symbol Na (Latin: natrium), atomic number 11, atomic mass 22.9898 g/mol, common oxidation number +1.
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Magnesium has the symbol Mg, the atomic number 12, and an atomic mass of 24.31. Magnesium is the ninth most abundant element in the universe by mass. It constitutes about 2% of the Earth's crust by mass, and it is the third most abundant element dissolved in seawater.
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Aluminium (IPA: /ˌæljʊˈmɪniəm/, /ˌæljəˈmɪniəm/) or aluminum (IPA: /əˈluːmɪnəm/
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Silicon (IPA: /ˈsɪlɪkən/ or /ˈsɪlɪˌkɑn/, Latin: silicium
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5, 4
(mildly acidic oxide)
Electronegativity 2.19 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies
(more) 1st: 1011.8 kJmol−1
2nd: 1907 kJmol−1
3rd: 2914.1 kJmol−1

Atomic radius 100 pm
Atomic radius (calc.
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6
(strongly acidic oxide)
Electronegativity 2.58 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies
(more) 1st: 999.6 kJmol−1
2nd: 2252 kJmol−1
3rd: 3357 kJmol−1

Atomic radius 100 pm
Atomic radius (calc.
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1, 3, 5, 7
(strongly acidic oxide)
Electronegativity 3.16 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies
(more) 1st: 1251.2 kJmol−1
2nd: 2298 kJmol−1
3rd: 3822 kJmol−1

Atomic radius 100 pm
Atomic radius (calc.
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Argon (IPA:/ˈɑːgɒn/) is a chemical element designated by the symbol Ar. Argon has atomic number 18 and is the third element in group 18 of the periodic table (noble gases).
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A period 4 element is one of the chemical elements in the fourth row (or period) of the periodic table of the elements.

These are: Chemical elements in the fourth period
Group 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Atomic number
Name 19
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Potassium (IPA: /pə(ʊ)ˈtasiəm/, /pə'tæsiəm/) is a chemical element. It has the symbol K (Arabic: al qalja
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Calcium (IPA: /ˈkalsiəm/) is the chemical element in the periodic table that has the symbol Ca and atomic number 20. It has an atomic mass of 40.078.
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Scandium (IPA: /ˈskandiəm/) is a chemical element that has the symbol Sc and atomic number 21. A soft, silvery, white metal, scandium ore occurs in rare minerals from Scandinavia and elsewhere, and it is
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Titanium (IPA: /tʌɪˈteɪniəm/) is a chemical element; in the periodic table it has the symbol Ti and atomic number 22.
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