Information about Parafunctional Habit
A para-functional habit or parafunctional habit is the habitual exercise of a body part in a way that is other than the most common use of that body part. The term is most commonly used by dentists, orthodontists, or maxillofacial specialists to refer to parafunctional uses of the mouth, tongue and jaw. Oral para-functional habits may include bruxism (tooth-clenching or grinding), tongue tension, mouth-breathing, and any other habitual use of the mouth unrelated to eating, drinking, or speaking.
Contrary to common belief, functional habits such as chewing are not the main cause of the wearing of teeth. Parafunctional habits are the most destructive forces for several reasons. Whereas teeth rarely come into contact during normal chewing, grinding of teeth may occur 1 - 4 hours in a 24 hour period, most often during sleep. The amount of force placed on teeth during functional habits is 20 - 80 psi, but the force can range from 300 - 3000 psi during parafunctional habits. The direction of forces during functional habits are placed vertically along the long axis of teeth, which is the least harmful because of the anatomical structure of the attachment of teeth to the bone. On the other hand, parafunctional habits direct their forces horizontally. Normally, the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) acts as a class III lever, which helps to restrict the amount of force generated. Class I or class II levers may be created during bruxism, which generates more force from the same amount of muscle activity and subsequently delivers more force to the teeth.
Contrary to common belief, functional habits such as chewing are not the main cause of the wearing of teeth. Parafunctional habits are the most destructive forces for several reasons. Whereas teeth rarely come into contact during normal chewing, grinding of teeth may occur 1 - 4 hours in a 24 hour period, most often during sleep. The amount of force placed on teeth during functional habits is 20 - 80 psi, but the force can range from 300 - 3000 psi during parafunctional habits. The direction of forces during functional habits are placed vertically along the long axis of teeth, which is the least harmful because of the anatomical structure of the attachment of teeth to the bone. On the other hand, parafunctional habits direct their forces horizontally. Normally, the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) acts as a class III lever, which helps to restrict the amount of force generated. Class I or class II levers may be created during bruxism, which generates more force from the same amount of muscle activity and subsequently delivers more force to the teeth.
Academy of Comprehensive Esthetics http://www.ACEsthetics.com American Academy of Implant Dentistry Advancing the standard of care for comprehensive implant dentistry since 1951. American Dental Education Association http://www.adea.
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Orthodontics is a specialty of dentistry that is concerned with the study and treatment of malocclusions (improper bites), which may be a result of tooth irregularity, disproportionate jaw relationships, or both.
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Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery is surgery to correct a wide spectrum of diseases, injuries and defects in the head, neck, face, jaws and the hard and soft tissues of the oral and maxillofacial region. It is a recognized international surgical specialty.
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- In the U.S.A.
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mouth, also known as the buccal cavity or the oral cavity, is the orifice through which an organism takes in food and water.
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Location
In all mammals, the mouth is forward-facing in the face. Non-mammals have mouths in other locations (e.g...... Click the link for more information.
The tongue is the large bundle of skeletal muscles on the floor of the mouth that manipulates food for chewing and swallowing (deglutition). It is the primary organ of taste. Much of the surface of the tongue is covered in taste buds.
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jaw is either of the two opposable structures forming, or near the entrance to, the mouth.
The term jaws is also broadly applied to the whole of the structures constituting the vault of the mouth and serving to open and close it.
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The term jaws is also broadly applied to the whole of the structures constituting the vault of the mouth and serving to open and close it.
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This article has been tagged since September 2007.
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You can assist by [ editing it] now. A how-to guide is available, as is general .
This article has been tagged since September 2007.
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The tongue is the large bundle of skeletal muscles on the floor of the mouth that manipulates food for chewing and swallowing (deglutition). It is the primary organ of taste. Much of the surface of the tongue is covered in taste buds.
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Periodontium refers to the specialized tissues that both surround and support the teeth, maintaining them in the maxillary and mandibular bones. The word comes from the Greek terms peri-, meaning "around" and -odons, meaning "tooth.
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lever (from French lever, "to raise", c.f. a levant) is a rigid object that is used with an appropriate fulcrum or pivot point to multiply the mechanical force that can be applied to another object.
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