Information about Newton
The newton (symbol: N) is the SI derived unit of force, named after Sir Isaac Newton in recognition of his work on classical mechanics.
In physics, the dyne (symbol "dyn") is a unit of force specified in the centimeter-gram-second
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Definition
A newton is the amount of force required to accelerate a body with a mass of one kilogram at a rate of one meter per second squared. Algebraically:Examples
- 1 N is the force of Earth's gravity on an apple with a mass of about 102 g (1⁄9.8 kg).
- On Earth's surface, a mass of 1 kg exerts a force of approximately 9.81 N (or 1 kgf) on its support. The approximation of 1 kg corresponding to 10 N is sometimes used as a rule of thumb in everyday life and in engineering (except where strict accuracy is required).
- The force of Earth's gravity on a human being with a mass of 70 kg is approximately 686 N.
- The scalar product of force and distance (N×m)— a force of 1 N carried out over a distance of 1 m— is one joule, the basic unit of energy in the SI.
- Because a newton is a relatively small amount of force, it is common to see forces expressed in kilonewtons or kN, where 1 kN = 1000 N.
- A metric tonne (1000 kg) exerts a force of 9.8 kN (or 1000 kgf) under standard gravity conditions on Earth.
Conversions
| Newton (SI unit) | Dyne | Kilogram-force (Kilopond) | Pound-force | Poundal | |
| 1 N | ≡ 1 kgm/s | = 105 dyn | ≈ 0.10197 kp | ≈ 0.22481 lbf | ≈ 7.2330 pdl |
| 1 dyn | = 10−5 N | ≡ 1 gcm/s | ≈ 1.019710−6 kp | ≈ 2.248110−6 lbf | ≈ 7.233010−5 pdl |
| 1 kp | = 9.80665 N | = 980665 dyn | ≡ gn(1 kg) | ≈ 2.2046 lbf | ≈ 70.932 pdl |
| 1 lbf | ≈ 4.448222 N | ≈ 444822 dyn | ≈ 0.45359 kp | ≡ gn(1 lb) | ≈ 32.174 pdl |
| 1 pdl | ≈ 0.138255 N | ≈ 13825 dyn | ≈ 0.014098 kp | ≈ 0.031081 lbf | ≡ 1 lbft/s |
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The value of gn as used in the official definition of the kilogram-force is used here for all gravitational units. | |||||
| This SI unit is named after Isaac Newton. As for all SI units whose names are derived from the proper name of a person, the first letter of its symbol is uppercase (N). But when an SI unit is spelled out, it should always be written in lowercase (newton), unless it begins a sentence or is the name "degree Celsius". — Based on The International System of Units, section 5.2. |
See also
- Joule, a unit of energy defined by a force of 1 newton being carried out over 1 metre.
- Pascal a unit of pressure defined by 1 newton spread across 1 square metre.
References
International System of Units (abbreviated SI from the French Le Système international d'unités) is the modern form of the metric system.
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SI derived units are part of the SI system of measurement units and are derived from the seven SI base units.
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Dimensionless derived units
The following SI units are actually dimensionless ratios, formed by dividing two identical SI units...... Click the link for more information.
In physics, force is an action or agency that causes a body of mass m to accelerate. It may be experienced as a lift, a push, or a pull. The acceleration of the body is proportional to the vector sum of all forces acting on it (known as net force or resultant force).
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Sir Isaac Newton
Isaac Newton at 46 in
Godfrey Kneller's 1689 portrait
Born 4 January 1643 [OS: 25 December 1642]
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Isaac Newton at 46 in
Godfrey Kneller's 1689 portrait
Born 4 January 1643 [OS: 25 December 1642]
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Classical mechanics (commonly confused with Newtonian mechanics, which is a subfield thereof) is used for describing the motion of macroscopic objects, from projectiles to parts of machinery, as well as astronomical objects, such as spacecraft, planets, stars, and galaxies.
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acceleration is defined as the rate of change of velocity, or, equivalently, as the second derivative of position. It is thus a vector quantity with dimension length/time². In SI units, acceleration is measured in metres/second² (m·s-²).
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Mass is a fundamental concept in physics, roughly corresponding to the intuitive idea of "how much matter there is in an object". Mass is a central concept of classical mechanics and related subjects, and there are several definitions of mass within the framework of relativistic
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kilogram or kilogramme (symbol: kg) is the SI base unit of mass. The kilogram is defined as being equal to the mass of the International Prototype Kilogram (IPK), which is almost exactly equal to the mass of one liter of water.
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The metre (or meter) per second squared is the SI derived unit of acceleration. It is a measure of magnitude and can be a scalar measure or, when associated with a direction, a vector, for example by having sign positive or negative.
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The unit kilogram-force (kgf, often just kg) or kilopond (kp) is defined as the force exerted by one kilogram of mass in standard Earth gravity.
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inner product space is a vector space of arbitrary (possibly infinite) dimension with additional structure, which, among other things, enables generalization of concepts from two or three-dimensional Euclidean geometry.
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The joule (IPA: [dʒuːl] or [dʒaʊl]) (symbol: J) is the SI unit of energy.
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energy (from the Greek ενεργός, energos, "active, working")[1] is a scalar physical quantity that is a property of objects and systems of objects which is conserved by nature.
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tonne (t) or metric ton (M/T), also referred to as a metric tonne, is a measurement of mass equal to 1,000 kilograms. It is not an SI unit but is accepted for use with the SI.
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Standard gravity, usually denoted by g0 or gn, is the nominal acceleration due to gravity at the Earth's surface at sea level. By definition it is equal to exactly 9.80665 m·s−2 (approx. 32.174 ft·s−2).
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Si, si, or SI may refer to (all SI unless otherwise stated):
In language:
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In language:
- One of two Italian words:
- sì (accented) for "yes"
- si
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- Dynes redirects here. For the president of the University of California system, see Robert C. Dynes.
In physics, the dyne (symbol "dyn") is a unit of force specified in the centimeter-gram-second
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The unit kilogram-force (kgf, often just kg) or kilopond (kp) is defined as the force exerted by one kilogram of mass in standard Earth gravity.
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A pound or pound-force (abbreviations: lb, lbf, or lbf) is a unit of force. Pound is also the name of a unit of mass. One pound-force is approximately equal to the gravitational force exerted on a mass of one avoirdupois pound on the
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The poundal is a non-SI unit of force. It is a part of the foot-pound-second system of units, a coherent subsystem of English units introduced in 1879, and one of several specialized subsystems of mechanical units used as aids in calculations.
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g-force (also g-load) is a measurement of an object's acceleration expressed in g's. It may also informally refer to the reaction force resulting from an acceleration, with the causing acceleration expressed in g's.
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pound or pound-mass (abbreviations: lb, ℔, lbm, or sometimes in the United States: #) is a unit of mass (sometimes called 'weight' in everyday parlance) in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United
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1 foot =
SI units
0 m 0 mm
US customary / Imperial units
0 yd 0 in
A foot (plural: feet or foot;[1] symbol or abbreviation: ft or, sometimes, ′SI units
0 m 0 mm
US customary / Imperial units
0 yd 0 in
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Si, si, or SI may refer to (all SI unless otherwise stated):
In language:
..... Click the link for more information.
In language:
- One of two Italian words:
- sì (accented) for "yes"
- si
..... Click the link for more information.
Sir Isaac Newton
Isaac Newton at 46 in
Godfrey Kneller's 1689 portrait
Born 4 January 1643 [OS: 25 December 1642]
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Isaac Newton at 46 in
Godfrey Kneller's 1689 portrait
Born 4 January 1643 [OS: 25 December 1642]
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Symbols are objects, characters, or other concrete representations of ideas, concepts, or other abstractions. For example, in the United States, Canada and Great Britain, a red octagon is a symbol for the traffic sign meaning "STOP".
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Capital letters or majuscules (in the Roman alphabet: A, B, C, D, ...) are one type of case in a writing system. Capital letters (also simply called capitals or caps) are also known as upper case
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For the minimalist musical sub-genre, see .
Lower case or lowercase or minuscule letters are the smaller form of letters, as opposed to capital letters: for example, the letter "a" is lower case while the letter "A"..... Click the link for more information.
Celsius is, or relates to, the Celsius temperature scale (previously known as the centigrade scale). The degree Celsius (symbol: °C) can refer to a specific temperature on the Celsius scale
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The joule (IPA: [dʒuːl] or [dʒaʊl]) (symbol: J) is the SI unit of energy.
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