Information about Neritic Zone
Neritic zone spans from the low-tide line to the edge of the continental shelf in oceans. This region receives ample sunlight and extends to a depth of about 200 meters (656 feet), where the bottom is covered with seaweed. The neritic zone has a low water pressure and fairly stable temperature and is a home to most of the world's great fishing areas. Just as in freshwater biomes, the shallow water allows photosynthesis to occur. As a result, this zone is particularly rich in living things. Most of the photosynthetic life such as phytoplankton are found in this region. The neritic zone together with estuaries account for total productivity of sea. This zone is occupied by a large number of species viz., bacteria, dinoflagellates, oysters, etc.
The neritic zone is the continental shelf after the intertidal zone to the continental cliff, where the continental crust ends and the oceanic crust begins. The oceanic crust is much lower so it creates a "cliff". After the Neritic zone comes to the open ocean zone, also called the pelagic zone.
A biome is a major geographical area of ecologically similar communities of plants, animals, and soil organisms, often referred to as ecosystems. Biomes are defined based on factors such as plant structures (such as trees, shrubs, and grasses), leaf types (such as broadleaf and
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In physical geography, tundra is an area where the tree growth is hindered by low temperatures and short growing seasons. The term "tundra" comes from Kildin Sami tūndâr 'uplands, tundra, treeless mountain tract'.
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Taiga (IPA pronunciation: /ˈtaɪgə/ or /taɪˈga/, from Mongolian) is a biome characterized by coniferous forests.
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Taiga (IPA pronunciation: /ˈtaɪgə/ or /taɪˈga/, from Mongolian) is a biome characterized by coniferous forests.
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Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests are a temperate and humid biome. The typical structure of these forests include four layers. The upper most layer is the canopy which is composed of tall mature trees. Below the canopy is the three-layered, shade tolerant understory.
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Temperate coniferous forest is a terrestrial biome found in temperate regions of the world with warm summers and cool winters and adequate rainfall to sustain a forest. In most Temperate coniferous forests, evergreen conifers predominate, while some are a mix of conifers and
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Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests (TSMF), also known as tropical moist forests, are a tropical and subtropical forest biome.
Tropical and subtropical forest regions with lower rainfall are home to tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests and
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Tropical and subtropical forest regions with lower rainfall are home to tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests and
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tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forest biome, also known as tropical dry forest, is located at tropical and subtropical latitudes. Though these forests occur in climates that are warm year-round, and may receive several hundred centimeters of rain per year, they deal
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Tropical and subtropical coniferous forests are a forest biome. They are located in regions of semi-humid climate at tropical and subtropical latitudes. Most tropical and subtropical coniferous forest ecoregions are found in the Nearctic and Neotropic ecozones, from Mexico to
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Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands are a grassland biome located in semi-arid to semi-humid climate regions of subtropical and tropical latitudes. Grasslands are dominated by grass and other herbaceous plants. Savannas are grasslands with scattered trees.
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Temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands is a biome in which the climate is temperate and semi-arid to semi-humid.
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- temperature: warm to hot season (often with a cold to freezing season in winter)
- soil: fertile with rich nutrients and minerals
- plants: grass
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Montane grasslands and shrublands is a biome defined by the World Wildlife Fund. The biome includes high altitude (montane, subalpine, and alpine) grasslands and shrublands around the world.
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Deserts and xeric shrublands is a biome characterized by a dry climate. Deserts and xeric shrublands receive an annual average rainfall of ten inches or less, and have an arid or hyperarid climate, characterized by a strong moisture deficit, where annual potential loss of moisture
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Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and shrub is a temperate biome, characterized by hot, dry summers and mild and rainy winters. Nearly all of the rainfall occurs in the winter and spring rainy season.
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Mangroves (generally) are trees and shrubs that grow in saline coastal habitats in the tropics and subtropics. The word is used in at least three senses, (1) most broadly to refer to the habitat and entire plant assemblage or mangal [1]
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continental shelf is the extended perimeter of each continent and associated coastal plain, which is covered during interglacial periods such as the current epoch by relatively shallow seas (known as shelf seas) and gulfs.
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Littoral refers to the coast of an ocean or sea, or to the banks of a river, lake or estuary. It is usually used as an adjective, but may also be used as a noun. The littoral zone is defined as the area between the high water and low water marks.
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intertidal zone, also known as the littoral zone, in marine aquatic environments is the area of the foreshore and seabed that is exposed to the air at low tide and submerged at high tide, i.e., the area between tide marks.
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riparian zone is the interface between land and a flowing surface water body. Plant communities along the river margins are called riparian vegetation, characterized by hydrophilic plants.
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pond is typically a man made body of water smaller than a lake. However the difference between a pond and an artificial lake is subjective. They are both formed by ponding water.
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Coral reefs are aragonite structures produced by living organisms, found in shallow, tropical marine waters with little to no nutrients in the water. High nutrient levels such as that found in runoff from agricultural areas can harm the reef by encouraging the growth of algae.
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kelp forests are recognized as one of the most productive and dynamic ecosystems on Earth. [1] (In 2007, kelp forests were also discovered in tropical waters near Equador.
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Drift ice consists of sea ice that floats on the surface of the water in cold regions, as opposed to fast ice, which is attached ("fastened") to a shore. Usually drift ice is carried along by winds and sea currents, hence its name, "drift ice".
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A hydrothermal vent, also called a "black smoker", is a fissure in a planet's surface from which geothermally heated water issues. Hydrothermal vents are commonly found near volcanically active places, tectonic plates that are moving apart, ocean basins, and hotspots.
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cold seep (sometimes called a cold vent) is an area of the ocean floor where hydrogen sulfide, methane and other hydrocarbon-rich fluid seepage occurs. Cold seeps are distinct from hydrothermal vents: the former's emissions are of the same temperature as the surrounding
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benthic zone is the lowest level of a body of water, such as an ocean or a lake. It is inhabited by organisms that live in close relationship with (if not physically attached to) the ground, called benthos or benthic organisms.
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The pelagic zone is the part of the open sea or ocean that is not near the coast. In contrast, the neritic zone comprises the water that is near to (and is significantly affected by) the coast or the continental shelf.
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An endolith or cryptoendolith is an organism (archaea, bacterium, or fungus) that lives inside rock, coral, animal shells, or in the pores between mineral grains. Many are extremophiles; living in places previously thought inhospitable to life.
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continental shelf is the extended perimeter of each continent and associated coastal plain, which is covered during interglacial periods such as the current epoch by relatively shallow seas (known as shelf seas) and gulfs.
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Earth's oceans
(World Ocean)
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(World Ocean)
- Arctic Ocean
- Atlantic Ocean
- Indian Ocean
- Pacific Ocean
- Southern Ocean
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