Musculi Pectinati

Information about Musculi Pectinati

Musculi pectinati

Section of the heart showing the ventricular septum. (Musculi pectinati labeled at center left.)
Latin	musculi pectinati atrii dextri, musculi pectinati atrii sinistri
	subject #138 529
Dorlands/Elsevier	m_22/12550106

In the right atrium, behind the crest the internal surface of the atrium is smooth, while in front of it the muscular fibers of the wall are raised into parallel ridges resembling the teeth of a comb, and hence named the musculi pectinati (pectinate muscles).

In the left atrium, the musculi pectinati, fewer and smaller than in the right auricula, are confined to the inner surface of the auricula. This is due to the embryological origin of the auricles, which are the true atria. Some sources cite that the musculi pectinati are useful in increasing the power of contraction without increasing heart mass substantially.

External links

-2066743237 at GPnotebook
MedEd at Loyola grossanatomy/dissector/labs/thorax/heart/he3_1b.htm
SUNY Labs 20:13-0104
Atlas of anatomy at UMich ht_rt_atrium - "Right atrium, internal structure, anterior view"

This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. As such, some of the information contained herein may be outdated. Please edit the article if this is the case, and feel free to remove this notice when it is no longer relevant.

• • [ e] Anatomy of torso, cardiovascular system: heart
Structures	atria (interatrial septum, musculi pectinati) • ventricles (interventricular septum, trabeculae carneae, chordae tendinae, papillary muscle) • valves • cusps
Regions	base • apex • grooves (coronary/atrioventricular, interatrial, anterior interventricula, posterior interventricular) • surfaces (sternocostal, diaphragmatic) • borders (right, left)
Right heart	(vena cavae, coronary sinus) → right atrium (auricle, fossa ovalis, limbus of fossa ovalis, crista terminalis, valve of the inferior vena cava, valve of the coronary sinus) → tricuspid valve → right ventricle (conus arteriosus, moderator band/septomarginal trabecula) → pulmonary valve → (pulmonary artery and pulmonary circulation)
Left heart	(pulmonary veins) → left atrium (auricle) → mitral valve → left ventricle → aortic valve (aortic sinus) → (aorta and systemic circulation)
Layers	pericardium (sinus) • epicardium • myocardium • endocardium • cardiac skeleton (fibrous trigone, fibrous rings)
Conduction system	Cardiac pacemaker • SA node • AV node• bundle of His • Purkinje fibers

Latin}}}
Official status
Official language of: Vatican City
Used for official purposes, but not spoken in everyday speech
Regulated by: Opus Fundatum Latinitas
Roman Catholic Church
Language codes
ISO 639-1: la
ISO 639-2: lat
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Elsevier, the world's largest publisher of medical and scientific literature, forms part of the Reed Elsevier group. Based in Amsterdam, the company has substantial operations in the UK, USA and elsewhere.
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The right atrium (in older texts termed the "right auricle") is one of four chambers (two atria and two ventricles) in the human heart. It receives de-oxygenated blood from the superior and inferior vena cavae and the coronary sinus, and pumps it into the right ventricle through
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The left atrium is one of the four chambers in the human heart. It receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins, and pumps it into the left ventricle.

Structure

Blood is pumped through the left atrioventricular orifice, which contains the mitral valve.
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Auricula can refer to:

In botany, the plant Primula auricula, a type of primrose
In anatomy, another name for the external portion of the ear, the pinna
In anatomy, a small conical pouch that projects from each atrium of the heart.

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GPnotebook is a British medical database for general practitioners (GPs).^[1] It is an online encyclopaedia of medicine that provides an immediate reference resource for clinicians worldwide. The database consists of over 30,000 pages of information.
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Loyola University Chicago is a private co-educational religious-affiliated university established in Chicago in 1870 as Saint Ignatius College. It was founded by the Roman Catholic religious order of the Society of Jesus and bears the name of the Jesuit patron, Saint Ignatius of
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The State University of New York Health Science Center at Brooklyn, better known as SUNY Downstate Medical Center, is an academic medical center and is the only one of its kind in the Borough of Brooklyn in New York City.
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University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (U of M, UM or simply Michigan) is a coeducational public research university in the state of Michigan. The university was founded in 1817 in Detroit, about 20 years before the territory of Michigan officially became a state,
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Henry Gray's Anatomy of the Human Body (or Gray's Anatomy as it has commonly been shortened) is an English-language human anatomy textbook widely regarded as a classic work on the subject.
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Human anatomy is primarily the scientific study of the morphology of the adult human body.^[1] It is subdivided into gross anatomy and microscopic anatomy.^[1]
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Torso is an anatomical term for the central part of the many animal bodies (including that of the human) from which extend the neck and limbs. It is sometimes referred to as the trunk. The torso includes the thorax and abdomen.
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Circulatory System is a psychedelic rock musical ensemble formed by musician/painter Will Cullen Hart, and featuring Hannah Jones, Derek Almstead, Peter Erchick, John Fernandes, and Heather McIntosh.
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heart is a muscular organ responsible for pumping blood through the blood vessels by repeated, rhythmic contractions, or a similar structure in the annelids, mollusks, and arthropods.
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In anatomy, the atrium (plural: atria) refers to a chamber or space. As such it may for example be the atrium of the lateral ventricle in the brain or, popularly, the blood collection chamber of a heart.
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The interatrial septum is the wall of tissue that separates the right and left atria of the heart.

Development

The interatrial septum forms during the first and second months of fetal development. Formation of the septum occurs in several stages.
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In the heart, a ventricle is a heart chamber which collects blood from an atrium (another heart chamber that is smaller than a ventricle) and pumps it out of the heart.
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Interventricular septum (or ventricular septum, or during development septum inferius) is the stout wall separating the lower chambers (the ventricles) of the heart from one another.
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The trabeculae carneae (columnae carneae, or fleshy beams), are rounded or irregular muscular columns which project from the whole of the inner surface of the ventricle, with the exception of the conus arteriosus.
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The chordae tendineae, or heart strings, are cord-like tendons that connect the papillary muscles to the tricuspid valve and the mitral valve in the heart.
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In anatomy, the papillary muscles of the heart serve to limit the movements of the mitral and tricuspid valves. These muscles contract to tighten the chordae tendineae, which in turn prevent inversion. This occurs in response to pressure gradients.
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In anatomy, the heart valves are valves in the heart that maintain the unidirectional flow of blood by opening and closing depending on the difference in pressure on each side. The mechanical equivalent of the heart valves would be the reed valves.
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The cusps of the heart valves serve to seal the heart valves when closed. There are normally three cusps for each valve except the mitral valve (hence its alternate name, "bicuspid valve".)

"Nodules" are located at the tip of the valve, to form a tighter seal.
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The base of the heart, directed upward, backward, and to the right, is separated from the fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth thoracic vertebræ by the esophagus, aorta, and thoracic duct.
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The apex of the heart is the lowest superficial part of the heart.

It is directed downward, forward, and to the left, and is overlapped by the left lung and pleura.

External anatomy

It lies behind the fifth left intercostal space, 8 to 9 cm.
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The atria of the heart are separated from the ventricles by the coronary sulcus (coronary groove, auriculoventricular groove, atrioventricular groove); this contains the trunks of the nutrient vessels of the heart, and is deficient in front, where it is
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The interatrial groove, separating the two atria, is scarcely marked on the posterior surface, while anteriorly it is hidden by the pulmonary artery and aorta.

This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy.
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anterior longitudinal sulcus (or anterior interventricular sulcus), is situated on the sternocostal surface of the heart, close to its left margin. The other groove separating the ventricles is the posterior interventricular sulcus.
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posterior longitudinal sulcus (posterior interventricular sulcus, inferior interventricular groove), on the diaphragmatic surface near the right margin.

In it run the posterior interventricular artery and middle cardiac vein.
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