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Information about Mound

A mound is a general term for an artificial pile of earth, gravel, sand, rocks, or debris. The most common use is in reference to natural earthen formation such as hills and mountains, particularly if they appear artificial. The term may also be applied to any rounded area of topographically higher elevation on any surface. Artificial mounds have been created for a variety of reasons throughout history, including ceremonial (platform mound), burial (tumulus), and commemorative purposes (e.g. Kościuszko Mound).

North American archaeology

Main article: Mound builder (people)
In the archaeology of the United States and Canada, the term "mound" has specific and technical connotations. In this sense, a mound is a deliberately constructed elevated earthen structure or earthwork, intended for a range of potential uses. In European and Asian archaeology, the word tumulus may be used as a synonym for artificial hills, particularly if they are related to particular burial customs.

While the term "mound" may be applied to historic constructions, most mounds in the United States are prehistoric earthworks, built by Native American peoples. Native Americans built a variety of mounds, including flat-topped pyramids or cones known as platform mounds, rounded cones, and ridge or loaf-shaped mounds. Some mounds took on unusual shapes, such as the outline of cosmologically significant animals. These are known as effigy mounds. Some mounds, such as a few in Wisconsin, have rock formations, or petroforms within them, on them, or near them.

While these mounds are perhaps not as famous as burial mounds, like their European analogs, Native American mounds also have a variety of other uses. While some prehistoric cultures, like the Adena culture, used mounds preferentially for burial, others used mounds for other ritual and sacred acts, as well as for secular functions. The platform mounds of the Mississippian culture, for example, may have supported temples, the houses of chiefs, council houses, and may have also acted as a platform for public speaking. Other mounds would have been part of defensive walls to protect a certain area. The Hopewell culture used mounds as markers of complex astronomical alignments related to ceremonies.

Mounds and related earthworks are the only significant monumental construction in prehistoric Eastern and Central North America.

Archaeology elsewhere

Mound, as a technical term in archaeology, is not generally in favor in the rest of the world. More specific local terminology is preferred, and each of these terms has its own article (see below).

Mound types

See also

deep foundation is a type of foundation. Deep foundations are distinguished from shallow foundations by the depth they are embedded into the ground. There are many reasons a geotechnical engineer would recommend a deep foundation over a shallow foundation, but some of the common
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EARTH was a short-lived Japanese vocal trio which released 6 singles and 1 album between 2000 and 2001. Their greatest hit, their debut single "time after time", peaked at #13 in the Oricon singles chart.
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Gravel is rock that is of a certain particle size range. In geology, gravel is any loose rock that is at least two millimeters (2mm) in its largest dimension (about 1/12 of an inch) and no more than 75 millimeters (about 3 inches).
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Sand is a granular material made up of fine mineral particles. It is a naturally occurring, finely divided rock.

Sand comprises particles, or granules, ranging in diameter from 0.0625 (or 1⁄16 mm) to 2 millimeters.
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Rock music is a form of popular music with a prominent vocal melody accompanied by guitar, drums, and bass. Many styles of rock music also use keyboard instruments such as organ, piano, or synthesizers.
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Debris (French, pronounced (IPA) di'bri) is a word used to describe the remains of something that has been otherwise destroyed.

Depending on context, debris can refer to a number of different things.
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hill is a landform that extends above the surrounding terrain, in a limited area. Hills often have a distinct summit, although in areas with scarp/dip topography a hill may refer to a particular section of scarp slope without a well-defined summit (e.g. Box Hill).
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mountain is a landform that extends above the surrounding terrain in a limited area. A mountain is generally steeper than a hill, but there is no universally accepted standard definition for the height of a mountain or a hill although a mountain usually has an identifiable
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Topography (Greek topos, "place", and graphia, "writing") is the study of Earth's surface features or those of planets, moons, and asteroids.

In a broader sense, topography is concerned with local detail in general, including not only relief but also
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elevation of a geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point, often the mean sea level. Elevation, or geometric height, is mainly used when referring to points on the Earth's surface, while altitude or geopotential height
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A Platform Mound is any earthwork or mound intended to support a structure or activity.

The Mississippian Native American Platform Mound

Specifically, the Mississippian culture is well known for using platform mounds as a central aspect of their overarching religious
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A tumulus (plural tumuli, from the Latin word for mound or small hill, from the root tum- "to bulge, swell" also found in tumor and cognate with English thumb
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Mound Builder is a general term referring to the Native North American peoples who constructed various styles of earthen mounds for burial, residential, and ceremonial purposes.
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Motto
"In God We Trust"   (since 1956)
"E Pluribus Unum"   ("From Many, One"; Latin, traditional)
Anthem
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Earthworks are engineering works created through the moving of massive quantities of soil or unformed rock. Engineers need to concern themselves with issues of geotechnical engineering (such as soil fluidity and friction) and with quantity estimation to ensure that soil volumes in
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A tumulus (plural tumuli, from the Latin word for mound or small hill, from the root tum- "to bulge, swell" also found in tumor and cognate with English thumb
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Prehistory (Latin, præ = before Greek, ιστορία = history) is a term often used to describe the period before written history. Paul Tournal originally coined the term Pré-historique
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indigenous peoples of the Americas are the pre-Columbian inhabitants of the Americas, their descendants, and many ethnic groups who identify with those peoples. They are often also referred to as Native Americans, First Nations
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A Platform Mound is any earthwork or mound intended to support a structure or activity.

The Mississippian Native American Platform Mound

Specifically, the Mississippian culture is well known for using platform mounds as a central aspect of their overarching religious
..... Click the link for more information.
effigy mound is a raised pile of earth built in the shape of a stylized animal, symbol, or human figure.

Effigy mounds were constructed in many Native American cultures and are believed to be for primarily religious purposes, although some also fulfill a burial mound
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State of Wisconsin

Flag of Wisconsin Seal of Wisconsin
Nickname(s): Badger State, America's Dairyland
Motto(s): Forward

Official language(s) None

Capital Madison
Largest city
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Petroforms, or also known as boulder outlines, or boulder mosaics, are usually prehistoric, human made shapes and patterns that were made by arranging rocks on the open ground.
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Mound may refer to one of the following.
  • Mound, a general term for pile of earth, sand, rocks, debris, etc.
  • Mound (creature), a half-plant, half-human creature in the paintings and writings of artist Trenton Doyle Hancock.

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Burial, also called interment and (when applied to human burial) inhumation, is the act of placing a person or object into the ground. This is accomplished by digging a pit or trench, placing the person or object in it, and replacing the soil.
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The Adena culture was a Pre-Columbian Native American culture that existed from c. 1000 BC to 100 BC, in a time known as the early Woodland Period. The Adena culture probably refers to a number of related Native American societies sharing a burial complex and ceremonial system.
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A Platform Mound is any earthwork or mound intended to support a structure or activity.

The Mississippian Native American Platform Mound

Specifically, the Mississippian culture is well known for using platform mounds as a central aspect of their overarching religious
..... Click the link for more information.
The Mississippian culture was a mound-building Native American culture that flourished in what is now the Midwestern, Eastern, and Southeastern United States from approximately 800 to 1500 A.D., varying regionally.
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the largest temple in the world (early 12th century)]]

For other uses, see Temple (disambiguation).
A temple (from the Latin word templum
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