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Information about Mast Year

A mast year is a year in which vegetation produces a significant abundance of fruit. The term originally applied solely to trees, like oak trees, that produce fruit useful for feeding farm animals. The term "mast" comes from the Old English word "maest", meaning the nuts of forest trees that have accumulated on the ground, especially those used as food for fattening swine.

More generally, "masting" describes not only abundance, but also paucity of fruit production, so masting is a group phenomenon that results when plants within a population correlate their reproductive activity both in time and in size of crop. It is thought that masting occurs as an evolutionarily stable strategy enabling plants to exert some influence over the size of animal populations that predate on the fruit.

Bamboo

The bamboo species Melocanna baccifera, found in northeastern India, erupts in flowers about every forty-eight years, an event known as the Mautam.

Cicadas

Some species of cicada erupt in large numbers from their larval stage at intervals of prime numbers of years, 11 or 13 for instance. This is likewise explained as a mechanism to minimise the impact of predation[1].



1. ^ eg [1] Karban abstract Ecology 63:321
A year (from Old English gēr) is the time between two recurrences of an event related to the orbit of the Earth around the Sun. By extension, this can be applied to any planet: for example, a "Martian year" is the time in which Mars completes its own orbit.
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Vegetation is a general term for the plant life of a region; it refers to the ground cover provided by plants, and is, by far, the most abundant biotic element of the biosphere.
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fruit has different meanings depending on context. In botany, a fruit is the ripened ovary—together with seeds—of a flowering plant. In many species, the fruit incorporates the ripened ovary and surrounding tissues.
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tree is a perennial woody plant. It is sometimes defined as a woody plant that attains diameter of 10 cm (30 cm girth) or more at breast height (130 cm above ground).
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Quercus
L.

Species

See List of Quercus species

The term oak can be used as part of the common name of any of several hundred species of trees and shrubs in the genus Quercus
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farm is an area of land devoted to the production and management of food, either produce or livestock. It is the basic unit in agricultural production.[1] Farms may be owned and operated by a single individual, family, or community, or by a corporation or company.
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nut can be either a seed or a fruit.

Botanical definitions

A nut in botany is a simple dry fruit with one seed (rarely two) in which the ovary wall becomes very hard (stony or woody) at maturity, and where the seed remains unattached or unfused with the
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Sus
Linnaeus, 1758

Species

Sus barbatus
Sus bucculentus†
Sus cebifrons
Sus celebensis
Sus domestica
Sus falconeri†
Sus heureni

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Plantae
Haeckel, 1866[1]

Divisions

Green algae
  • Chlorophyta
  • Charophyta
Land plants (embryophytes)
  • Non-vascular land plants (bryophytes)

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Crop may refer to:
  • Crop (agriculture), a plant grown and harvested for agricultural use
  • Crop (real estate), a plant cultivated and harvested on an annual basis.

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Bambuseae
Kunth ex Dumort.

Diversity
Around 91 genera and 1,000 species

Subtribes
  • Arthrostylidiinae
  • Arundinariinae
  • Bambusinae
  • Chusqueinae
  • Guaduinae
  • Melocanninae
  • Nastinae
  • Racemobambodinae
  • Shibataeinae

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Melocanna
Trin.

Species
  • Melocanna arundina
  • Melocanna baccifera - pear bamboo, berry bamboo, muli, muli bamboo, terai bamboo
  • etc.

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Mautam (a Mizo language term) is the name given to the cyclic ecological phenomenon that occurs every 48 years, in the Northeastern Indian state of Mizoram, which is thirty percent covered by wild bamboo forests.
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Cicadoidea

Family: Cicadidae
Westwood, 1840

Subfamilies

Cicadettinae
Cicadinae
Tettigadinae
Tibiceninae
See also article text.
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larva (Latin; plural larvae) is a juvenile form of animal with indirect development, undergoing metamorphosis (for example, insects or amphibians).

The larva can look completely different from the adult form, for example, a caterpillar differs from a butterfly.
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Herod_Archelaus


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