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Information about Jito

For the empress, see Empress Jitō
Jito (地頭 Jitō) were medieval land stewards in Japan, especially in the Kamakura and Muromachi Shogunates. Appointed by the Shogun, Jito managed manors including national holdings governed by the provincial governor (kokushi).

The term jito began to be used in the late Heian period as an adjectival word like "local". For example, a jito person (地頭人) meant a local influential. Later, jito was sometimes used to call persons who manage each local manor. For modern historians cannot clarify the character of the early jito appointed by Yoritomo, the conditions of these precursors are much less known.

Jito was officially established when Minamoto Yoritomo was appointed the office of the Head of Jito by the Imperial court with the right of nationwide appointment of Jito. Yoritomo appointed many Jito nationwide, however mainly in Kantō. In the Kamakura period, Jito were chosen amongst the Gokenin (the shogun's vassals) who governed military affairs. Jito handled the taxation and administration of the manor to which they were appointed, and directly administrated the lands and the farmers of the manor.

After the Jōkyū War, the Shogunate appointed many Jito in the Western Japan to the land that the people of the losing side had possessed. At that time, many prominent Gokenin including Mori clan (1221) and Ōtomo clan moved from the east to the west.

The jito system was officially abolished in the late of 16th century by Toyotomi Hideyoshi.
Steward is a servant who manages another's property, see Steward (household)
  • Lord Steward, an important official of the English Royal Household
  • Lord High Steward, the first of the Great Officers of State of England
  • High Steward of Scotland

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Kamakura shogunate (Japanese: 鎌倉幕府, Kamakura bakufu) was a feudal military dictatorship in Japan headed by the shoguns from 1185 (or 1192, when it was formally recognized) to 1333. It was based in Kamakura.
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Muromachi period (Japanese: 室町時代, Muromachi-jidai, also known as the Muromachi era, the Muromachi bakufu, the Ashikaga era, the Ashikaga period, or the Ashikaga bakufu
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Shōgun (将軍 shōgun
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Shōgun (将軍 shōgun
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Manorialism or Seigneurialism is the organization of rural economy and society in medieval western and parts of central Europe, characterised by the vesting of legal and economic power in a lord supported economically from his own direct landholding and from the obligatory
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Kokushi can refer to:
  • 国司 - An official position in the government of Classical Japan.
  • 国司 - An official position in the government of the Ryūkyū Kingdom, akin to regent and often translated as "state instructor".

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Imperial Court may refer to the following:
  • The noble court of an emperor or empress such as the Emperor of Japan or the Roman Emperors; See also Imperial Court in Kyoto, Holy Roman Emperors, and Byzantine Emperors.

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Kamakura shogunate (Japanese: 鎌倉幕府, Kamakura bakufu) was a feudal military dictatorship in Japan headed by the shoguns from 1185 (or 1192, when it was formally recognized) to 1333. It was based in Kamakura.
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Gokenin (御家人 gokenin)
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Mori may refer to two families, both Japanese:
  • The Mōri clan of Nagato Province.
  • The Mori clan, another daimyo family.

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1221 in other calendars
Gregorian calendar 1221
MCCXXI
Ab urbe condita 1974
Armenian calendar 670
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Bah' calendar -623 – -622
Buddhist calendar 1765
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As a means of recording the passage of time, the 16th century was that century which lasted from 1501 through 1600.

See also: 16th century in literature

Events

1500s

  • 1500s: Mississippian culture disappears.

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