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Information about Javelin Throwing

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An athlete throwing the javelin.
The javelin throw is an athletics (track and field) throwing event where the object to be thrown is the javelin, a spear-like object made of metal, fiberglass and, in some cases, carbon fiber.

Competition and throws

Rules are similar to other throwing events: Competitors take three throws after which the top eight take another three, their best legal throw is recorded and the winner is the individual with the longest legal throw measured to the nearest centimetre or foot and inch depending on country of competition. If the javelin's point touches the ground first, the throw is marked (measured) from this point. However, if the throw lands flat on the ground, the throw is marked as a foul throw. The most noticeable difference with the other events is that rather than a throwing circle as used in discus, shot put and hammer throw, the competitors have a run-up area coated with the same surface used for running tracks, and a painted line on the surface for small spikes on each shoe. Many athletic tracks have javelin run-ups at each end to take advantage of any potential wind benefit.

Javelin throwers gain considerable forward velocity in their run-up to their throws, and as well as upper body strength demonstrate athleticism more similar to running and jumping events. Thus, the athletes share more physical characteristics with sprinters than other throwing athletes with their bulky frames. At release, a javelin can reach speeds approaching 113 km/h (70 mph).

Javelin redesigns

In 1984, the men's javelin (800 g) was redesigned because of the prodigious distances being thrown culminating in a world record throw of 104.80 m by the then East German thrower, Uwe Hohn. The javelin throw was in danger of being banished to outside the arena on safety grounds so the javelin was redesigned so that the centre of gravity was moved further away from the centre of pressure (the point at which the aerodynamic forces of lift and drag act) so that the javelin had a downward pitching moment. This brings the nose down earlier, reducing the flight distance by around 10% and also causing the javelin to stick in. In 1999, the women's javelin (600g) was similarly redesigned.

Modifications that manufacturers made to recover some of the lost distance, by increasing tail drag (using holes, rough paint or dimples), were outlawed at the end of 1991 and marks made using implements with such modifications removed from the record books.

History and the javelin at the Olympics

The javelin throw has been part of the Summer Olympics since 1908. Although the javelin is currently used only for sport in most areas, it has a long history of use for hunting and warfare. There are, for instance, numerous references to the javelin in ancient Hellenic civilization, who practised a form of javelin throwing at the ancient Olympics. Some believe the objective was to throw at a target rather than for distance, but this can not be determined.

Training techniques for javelin throw

Traditional free-weight training is often used by javelin throwers. Metal-rod exercises and resistance band exercises can be used to train a similar action to the javelin throw to increase power and intensity. Core stability can help in the transference of physical power and force from the ground through the body to the javelin. Stretching and sprint training are used to enhance the speed of the athlete at the point of release and subsequently the javelin.

World records

The world record for men, at 98.48 meters, is held by Jan Železný from the Czech Republic, set at Jena, Germany, on 25 May 1996. The world record for women, at 71.70 meters, is held by Osleidys Menéndez from Cuba, set at Helsinki, Finland on 4 August 2005.

Notable javelin throwers

Women

Men

Top Ten longest throwers of all time (current 1986 model)- men

(Updated 22 July 2007)

Rank Res. 97 Athlete Nation Date of Birth Place Date
1.98.48Jan Železný Czech Republic16 June 1966Jena, Germany25 May 1996
2.93.09Aki Parviainen Finland26 October 1974Kuortane, Finland26 June 1999
3.92.61Sergey Makarov Russia19 March 1973Sheffield, Great Britain30 June 2002
4.92.60Raymond Hecht
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11 November 1968Oslo, Norway21 July 1995
5.91.69Konstadinós Gatsioúdis Greece17 December 1973Kuortane, Finland24 June 2000
6.91.59Andreas Thorkildsen Norway1 April 1982Oslo, Norway2 June 2006
7.91.53Tero Pitkämäki Finland19 December 1982Kuortane, Finland.26 June 2005
8.91.46Steve Backley Great Britain12 February 1969Auckland, New zealand25 January 1992
9.91.29Breaux Greer United States19 October 1976Indianapolis, USA21 June 2007
10.90.73Vadims Vasiļevskis Latvia5 January 1982Tallinn, Estonia22 July 2007

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Sprints: 60 m | 100 m | 200 m | 400 m Hurdles: 60 m hurdles | 100 m hurdles | 110 m hurdles | 400 m hurdles Middle distance: 800 m | 1500 m | 3000 m | steeplechase Long distance: 5,000 m | 10,000 m | half marathon| marathon | ultramarathon | multiday races| Cross country running Relays: 4 100 m | 4 400 m;       Racewalking;       Wheelchair racing Throws: Discus | Hammer | Javelin | Shot put Jumps: High jump | Long jump | Pole vault | Triple jump Combination: Pentathlon | Heptathlon | Decathlon Highly uncommon: Standing high jump | Standing long jump | Standing triple jump
Athletics, also known as track and field or track and field athletics, is a collection of sports events that involve running, throwing and jumping. The name is derived from the Greek word "athlon" meaning "contest".
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For other uses see Javelin (disambiguation)


Javelin (Greek: ακόντιο, Latin: verutum, German: Wurfspeer, French: javelot, Spanish: jabalina, Dutch: werpspeer, Italian: giavellotto, Hindi: bhala) is the name of a
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Glass-reinforced plastic (GRP), is a composite material or fiber-reinforced plastic made of a plastic reinforced by fine fibers made of glass. Like graphite-reinforced plastic, the composite material is commonly referred to by the name of its reinforcing fibers (fiberglass).
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Carbon fibre or carbon fiber can refer to carbon filament thread, or to felt or woven cloth made from those carbon filaments. By extension, the term is also used informally to mean any composite material made with carbon filament, such as carbon fiber reinforced plastic.
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1 metre =
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0 ft 0 in
The metre or meter[1](symbol: m) is the fundamental unit of length in the International System of Units (SI).
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The shot put is an athletics (track and field) event involving "putting" (throwing in a pushing motion) a heavy metal ball (called the shot) as far as possible.
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The modern or Olympic hammer throw is an athletic throwing event where the object to be thrown is a heavy steel ball attached with wire (maximum length 4 ft (1.22 m)) to a handle. The name "hammer throw" is derived from older competitions where an actual hammer was thrown.
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Gram
Unit sign g
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Gold 1985 Canberra Javelin
European Championships
Gold 1982 Athens Javelin Uwe Hohn (born 16 July 1962 in Rheinsberg, Brandenburg) is a German athlete and coach.
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pitching moment of an airfoil, in aerodynamics, is a moment produced by a vertical force applied at a distance forward or aft from the aerodynamic center of the airfoil, causing the aircraft to pitch up or down[1].
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The Summer Olympic Games or the Games of the Olympiad are an international multi-sport event held every four years, organised by the International Olympic Committee.
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Hunting is the practice of pursuing animals for food, recreation, trade or for their products. In modern use, the term refers to regulated and legal hunting, as distinguished from poaching, which is the killing, trapping or capture of animals contrary to law.
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Gold 2004 Athens Javelin
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Osleidys Menéndez (born November 14, 1979 in Martí) is a Cuban athlete competing in the javelin throw.
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Competitor for  East Germany
Gold 1988 Seoul Javelin
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Competitor for  East Germany
Silver 1987 Rome Javelin
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