iPedia Free Information Center

Information about Industries

For other uses of this term, see Industry (disambiguation)
“Industrial” redirects here. For other uses, see Industrial (disambiguation).


Enlarge picture
GDP composition of sector and labour force by occupation. The green, red, and blue components of the colours of the countries represent the percentages for the agriculture, industry, and services sectors, respectively.


Industry (from Latin industrius, "diligent, industrious"), is the segment of economy concerned with production of goods. Industry began in its present form during the 1800s, aided by technological advances, and it has continued to develop to this day. Many developed countries (The U.K., The U.S. and Canada for example) and many developing/semi-developed countries (People's Republic of China, India etc.) depend significantly on industry. Industries, the countries they reside in, and the economies of those countries are interlinked in a complex web that may be hard to understand at first glance.

Industry in the second sense became a key sector of production in European and North American countries during the Industrial Revolution, which upset previous mercantile and feudal economies through many successive rapid advances in technology, such as the steel and coal production. Industrial countries then assumed a capitalist economic policy. Railroads and steam-powered ships began speedily establishing links with previously unreachable world markets, enabling private companies to develop to then-unheard of size and wealth. Manufacturing is a wealth producing sector in an economy. Following the Industrial Revolution, perhaps a third of the world's economic output is derived from manufacturing industries—more than agriculture's share.

In economics and urban planning, industrial is a type of land use and economic activity involved with manufacturing and production.

Enlarge picture
Clark's Sector Model (1950)

History

Main article: Industrial history

Proto-industry

Main article: Proto-industrialisation
Early industries involved manufacturing goods for trade, including weapons, clothing, pottery. In medieval Europe, industry became dominated by the guilds in cities and towns, who mutual support for the member's interests, and maintained standards of workmanship and ethical conduct.

Industrial development

Main article: Industrialisation
The industrial revolution led to the development of factories for large-scale production, with consequent changes in society. Originally the factories were steam-powered, but later transitioned to electricity once an electrical grid was developed.<the mechanized assembly line was introduced to assemble parts in a repeatable fashion, with individual workers performing specific steps during the process. This led to significant increases in efficiency, lowering the cost of the end process. Later automation was increasingly used to replace human operators. This process has accelerated with the development of the computer and the robot. <br>

Declining industries

Main article: Deindustrialisation
Historically certain manufacturing industries have gone into a decline due to various economic factors, including the development of replacement technology or the loss of competitive advantage. An example of the former is the decline in carriage manufacturing when the automobile was mass-produced.

A recent trend has been the migration of prosperous, industrialized nations toward a post-industrial society. This is manifested by an increase in the service sector at the expense of manufacturing, and the development of an information-based economy, the so-called informational revolution. In a post-industrial society, manufacturing is relocated to more economically-favorable locations through a process of offshoring.

There are several different types of industry. Primary Secondary Tertiery

Industrial technology

Main article: Industrial technology
There are several branches of technology and engineering specialised for industrial application. This includes mathematical models, patented inventions and craft skills. See automation, industrial architecture, industrial design, industrial process, industrial arts and industrial applicability.

Industry sectors and classification

Main article: Industrial sector
There are many other different kinds of industries, and they are usually divided into different classes or sectors. The primary sector of industry is agriculture, mining and raw material extraction. The secondary sector of industry is manufacturing - which is what is colloquially meant by the word "industry". The tertiary sector of industry is service production. Sometimes one talks about a quaternary sector of industry, consisting of intellectual services. ISIC

ISIC(rev.4) stands for International Standard Industrial Classification of ALL economic activities,the most complete and systematic industrial classification made by United Nations Statistics Division. ISIC Rev.4 is a standard classification of economic activities arranged so that entities can be classified according to the activity they carry out. The categories of ISIC at the most detailed level (classes) are delineated according to what is, in most countries, the customary combination of activities described in statistical units and considers the relative importance of the activities included in these classes. While ISIC Rev.4 continues to use criteria such as input, output and use of the products produced, more emphasis has been given to the character of the production process in defining and delineating ISIC classes.

Yahoo!Finance

Industry Center by Yahoo!Finance is also very useful (shows Trends of all industrial sectors).

Industry and society

Main article: Industrial society


An industrial society can be defined in many ways. Today, industry is an important part of most societies and nations. A government must have some kind of industrial policy, regulating industrial placement, industrial pollution, financing and industrial labor.

Industrial labor

Main article: Industrial labor
In an industrial society, industry employs a major part of the population. The labor movement first rose among industrial workers.

See also industrial sociology, industrial and organizational psychology, industrial district, industrial park.''

Industry and war

Main article: Industrial warfare
The industrial revolution changed warfare, with mass-produced weaponry and supplies, machine-powered transportation, mobilization, the total war concept and weapons of mass destruction. Early instances of industrial warfare were the Crimean War and the American Civil War, but its full potential showed during the world wars. See also military-industrial complex, arms industry, military industry and modern warfare.

Industry and environment

See pollution and industrial ecology

Organization, management and economics

Main article: Industrial organization


See industrial loan company.

Economic views of industry

Philosophers and economists have developed many different views of industry. See physiocrats, Adam Smith, capitalism, Marxism and Colin Clark's Sector Model.

See also

Main list: List of basic industry topics
 •  • [ e]
Major fields of technology
Applied scienceArtificial intelligence • Ceramic engineering • Computing technology • Electronics • • Energy storage • Engineering physics • Environmental technology • Materials science & engineering • Microtechnology • Nanotechnology • Nuclear technology • Optical engineering
Information and communicationCommunication • Graphics • Music technology • Speech recognition • Visual technology
IndustryConstruction • Financial engineering • Manufacturing • Machinery • Mining
MilitaryBombs • Guns and Ammunition • Military technology and equipment • Naval engineering
DomesticDomestic appliances • Domestic technology • Educational technology • Food technology
EngineeringAerospace • Agricultural • Architectural • Bioengineering • Biochemical • Biomedical • Ceramic • Chemical • Civil • Computer • Construction • Cryogenic • Electrical • Electronic • Environmental • Food • Industrial • Materials • Mechanical • Mechatronics • Metallurgical • Mining • Naval • Nuclear • Petroleum • Software • Structural • Systems • Textile • Tissue
Health and safetyBiomedical engineering • Bioinformatics • Biotechnology • Cheminformatics • Fire protection engineering • Health technologies • Pharmaceuticals • Safety engineering • Sanitary engineering
TransportAerospace • Aerospace engineering • Marine engineering • Motor vehicles • Space technology • Transport

References

Generally industry is diligence, assiduity, hard work.
  • In modern economic settings, an industry is an area of economic production. See industry and economic sector

..... Click the link for more information.
Industrial may refer to:
  • Industry, a segment of the economy
  • A type of land use
  • Industrial Revolution, the development of industry in the 19th century
  • Industrial society, one that has undergone industrialisation
  • Industrial music, a genre of music

..... Click the link for more information.
Latin}}} 
Official status
Official language of: Vatican City
Used for official purposes, but not spoken in everyday speech
Regulated by: Opus Fundatum Latinitas
Roman Catholic Church
Language codes
ISO 639-1: la
ISO 639-2: lat
..... Click the link for more information.
Europe is one of the seven traditional continents of the Earth. Physically and geologically, Europe is the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, west of Asia. Europe is bounded to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the west by the Atlantic Ocean, to the south by the Mediterranean Sea,
..... Click the link for more information.


North America is a continent [1] in the Earth's northern hemisphere and (chiefly) western hemisphere. It is bordered on the north by the Arctic Ocean, on the east by the North Atlantic Ocean, on the southeast by the Caribbean Sea, and on the south and west
..... Click the link for more information.
Industrial Revolution was a period in the late 18th and early 19th centuries when major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, and transportation had a profound effect on socioeconomic and cultural conditions in Britain and subsequently spread throughout the world, a process that
..... Click the link for more information.
Mercantilism is an economic theory that holds the prosperity of a nation dependable upon its supply of capital, and that the global volume of trade is "unchangeable." Economic assets, or capital, are represented by bullion (gold, silver, and trade value) held by the state, which is
..... Click the link for more information.
Feudalism refers to a general set of reciprocal legal and military obligations among the warrior nobility of Europe during the Middle Ages, revolving around the three key concepts of lords, vassals, and fiefs.
..... Click the link for more information.
Steel is an alloy consisting mostly of iron, with a carbon content between 0.02% and 1.7 or 2.04% by weight (C:1000–10,8.67Fe), depending on grade. Carbon is the most cost-effective alloying material for iron, but various other alloying elements are used such as manganese and
..... Click the link for more information.
Coal (IPA: /ˈkəʊl/) is a fossil fuel formed in swamp ecosystems where plant remains were saved by water and mud from oxidization and biodegradation.
..... Click the link for more information.
Economic systems

Ideologies and Theories
Primitive communism
Capitalist economy
Corporate economy
Fascist economy
Laissez-faire
Mercantilism
Natural economy
Social market economy
Socialist economy
Communist economy


..... Click the link for more information.
Rail transport is the transport of passengers and goods by means of wheeled vehicles specially designed to run along railways or railroads. Rail transport is part of the logistics chain, which facilitates the international trading and economic growth in most countries.
..... Click the link for more information.
steamboat or steamship, sometimes called a steamer, is a ship in which the primary method of propulsion is steam power, typically driving a propeller or paddlewheel.
..... Click the link for more information.
A company is a form of business organization.

Types

There are various types of company that can be formed in different jurisdictions, but the most common forms of company are:
  • a company limited by shares.

..... Click the link for more information.
For the business meaning, see .


Wealth from the old English word "weal", which means "well-being" or "welfare". The term was originally an adjective to describe the possession of such qualities.
..... Click the link for more information.
Manufacturing (from Latin manu factura, "making by hand") is the use of tools and labor to make things for use or sale. The term may refer to a vast range of human activity, from handicraft to high tech, but is most commonly applied to industrial production, in which raw
..... Click the link for more information.
Industrial Revolution was a period in the late 18th and early 19th centuries when major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, and transportation had a profound effect on socioeconomic and cultural conditions in Britain and subsequently spread throughout the world, a process that
..... Click the link for more information.
Agriculture (from Agri Latin for ager ("a field"), and culture, from the Latin cultura "cultivation" in the strict sense of "tillage of the soil". A literal reading of the English word yields "tillage of the soil of a field".
..... Click the link for more information.
Economics is the social science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. The term economics comes from the Greek for oikos (house) and nomos (custom or law), hence "rules of the house(hold).
..... Click the link for more information.
Urban, city, or town planning is the discipline of land use planning which explores several aspects of the built and social environments of municipalities and communities.
..... Click the link for more information.
Manufacturing (from Latin manu factura, "making by hand") is the use of tools and labor to make things for use or sale. The term may refer to a vast range of human activity, from handicraft to high tech, but is most commonly applied to industrial production, in which raw
..... Click the link for more information.
Industry in the sense of professional manufacturing has existed for millennia, since the first cities rose.

Cottage industry

Main article: Cottage industry

..... Click the link for more information.
Proto-industrialization (also spelled proto-industrialisation) is a phase in the development of modern industrial economies that preceded and created conditions for the establishment of fully industrial societies.
..... Click the link for more information.
Industrialisation (also spelt Industrialization) or an Industrial Revolution is a process of social and economic change whereby a human group is transformed from a pre-industrial society (an economy where the amount of capital accumulated per capita is low) to an
..... Click the link for more information.
Industrial Revolution was a period in the late 18th and early 19th centuries when major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, and transportation had a profound effect on socioeconomic and cultural conditions in Britain and subsequently spread throughout the world, a process that
..... Click the link for more information.
An assembly line is a manufacturing process in which interchangeable parts are added to a product in a sequential manner to create a finished product. The best known form of the assembly line, the moving assembly line, was created by Henry Ford.
..... Click the link for more information.
Automation (ancient Greek: = self dictated), roboticization [1] or industrial automation or numerical control is the use of control systems such as computers to control industrial machinery and processes, replacing human operators.
..... Click the link for more information.
computer is a machine which manipulates data according to a list of instructions.

Computers take numerous physical forms. The first devices that resemble modern computers date to the mid-20th century (around 1940 - 1941), although the computer concept and various machines
..... Click the link for more information.
robot is a mechanical or virtual, artificial agent . It is usually an electromechanical system, which, by its appearance or movements, conveys a sense that it has intent or agency of its own.
..... Click the link for more information.
Deindustrialization (also spelled deindustrialisation) is a process of social and economic change caused by the removal or reduction of industrial activity in a country or region, especially heavy industry or manufacturing industry.
..... Click the link for more information.


This article is copied from an article on Wikipedia.org - the free encyclopedia created and edited by online user community. The text was not checked or edited by anyone on our staff. Although the vast majority of the wikipedia encyclopedia articles provide accurate and timely information please do not assume the accuracy of any particular article. This article is distributed under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License.
Herod_Archelaus


page counter