Information about Immediate Early Gene
Immediate early genes (IEGs) are activated transiently and rapidly in response to a wide variety of cellular stimuli. They represent a standing response mechanism that is activated at the transcription level in the first round of response to stimuli, before any new proteins are synthesized. Thus IEGs are distinct from "late response" genes, which can only be activated later following the synthesis of early response gene products. Thus IEGs have been called the "gateway to the genomic response".
About 40 IEGs have been identified so far. The earliest known and best characterized include c-fos, c-myc and c-jun, genes that were found to be homologous to retroviral oncogenes. Thus IEGs are well known as early regulators of cell growth and differentiation signals. However, other findings suggest roles for IEGs in many other cellular processes.
In their role as "gateways to genomic response", many IEG products are naturally transcription factors or other DNA-binding proteins. However, other important classes of IEG products include secreted proteins, cytoskeletal proteins, and receptor subunits.
Some IEGs (for example zif268) have been implicated in learning and memory and long-term potentiation.[1]
About 40 IEGs have been identified so far. The earliest known and best characterized include c-fos, c-myc and c-jun, genes that were found to be homologous to retroviral oncogenes. Thus IEGs are well known as early regulators of cell growth and differentiation signals. However, other findings suggest roles for IEGs in many other cellular processes.
In their role as "gateways to genomic response", many IEG products are naturally transcription factors or other DNA-binding proteins. However, other important classes of IEG products include secreted proteins, cytoskeletal proteins, and receptor subunits.
Some IEGs (for example zif268) have been implicated in learning and memory and long-term potentiation.[1]
External links
- Activation of Immediate Early Genes by Drugs of Abuse a monograph published by the National Institute on Drug Abuse
- MeSH Immediate-Early+Genes
- MeSH Immediate-Early+Proteins
References
1. ^ Davis S, Bozon B, Laroche S (2003). "How necessary is the activation of the immediate early gene zif268 in synaptic plasticity and learning?". Behav Brain Res 142 (1-2): 17-30. PMID 12798262.
In molecular biology, c-Fos is a cellular proto-oncogene belonging to the immediate early gene family of transcription factors. c-Fos has a leucine-zipper DNA binding domain, and a transactivation domain at the C-terminus.
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Myc (cMyc) is a protooncogene, which is overexpressed in a wide range of human cancers. When it is specifically-mutated, or overexpressed, it increases cell proliferation and functions as an oncogene.
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c-jun is a gene which, in combination with c-Fos, forms the AP-1 early response transcription factor. It is activated by the JNK pathway.
This gene is the putative transforming gene of avian sarcoma virus 17.
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This gene is the putative transforming gene of avian sarcoma virus 17.
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Retroviridae
Genera
Alpharetrovirus
Betaretrovirus
Gammaretrovirus
Deltaretrovirus
Epsilonretrovirus
Lentivirus
Spumavirus
A retrovirus
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Genera
Alpharetrovirus
Betaretrovirus
Gammaretrovirus
Deltaretrovirus
Epsilonretrovirus
Lentivirus
Spumavirus
A retrovirus
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An oncogene is a modified gene, or a set of nucleotides that codes for a protein and is believed to cause cancer. Genetic mutations resulting in the activation of oncogenes increase the chance that a normal cell will develop into a tumor cell.
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This article or section may be confusing or unclear for some readers.
Please [improve the article] or discuss this issue on the talk page. This article has been tagged since December 2006.
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Please [improve the article] or discuss this issue on the talk page. This article has been tagged since December 2006.
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DNA-binding proteins are proteins that comprise any of many DNA-binding domains and thus have a specific or general affinity to DNA.
DNA-binding proteins include transcription factors which modulate the process of transcription, nucleases which cleave DNA molecules, and
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DNA-binding proteins include transcription factors which modulate the process of transcription, nucleases which cleave DNA molecules, and
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Zif268 is a mammalian transcription factor that is now officially known as Egr1 (Early Growth Response Protein 1). It was also named Krox-24, NGFI-A, TIS8, and ZENK. It was originally discovered in mouse.
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Learning is the acquisition and development of memories and behaviors, including skills, knowledge, understanding, values, and wisdom. It is the goal of education, and the product of experience.
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In psychology, memory is an organism's ability to store, retain, and subsequently retrieve information. Traditional studies of memory began in the realms of philosophy, including techniques of artificially enhancing the memory.
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long-term potentiation (LTP) is the long-lasting improvement in communication between two neurons that results from stimulating them simultaneously.[1] Since neurons communicate via chemical synapses, and because memories are believed to be stored within these
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The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) is a United States federal-government research institute whose mission is to "lead the Nation in bringing the power of science to bear on drug abuse and addiction.
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Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) is a huge controlled vocabulary (or metadata system) for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books in the life sciences. Created and updated by the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), it is used by the MEDLINE/PubMed
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Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) is a huge controlled vocabulary (or metadata system) for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books in the life sciences. Created and updated by the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), it is used by the MEDLINE/PubMed
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