Information about Hypophyseal Portal System
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It is one of only a few portal systems of circulation in the body; that is, it involves two capillary beds connected by venules.
Hormone transport
mechanism for hormone transport via hypothalamoportal vessels:- cells regulated by different nuclei in hypothalamus, ie: neurons that release neurotransmitters as hormones in the connective link between the pituitary and the brain. Hypothalamic hormones stimulate the release of the respective hormone from the anterior pituitary gland.
- ligands (in this case, hormones released by the hypothalamus to activate hormone release from the anterior pituitary) are picked up by blood vessels then taken to anterior pituitary where they are broken down and released back into blood vessels
- before they are broken down, hypothalamoportal vessel acts as local route for blood flow directly from hypothalamus to anterior pituitary.
External links
- http://www.llu.edu/llu/medicine/anatomy/glossary/ans102_109.html#Q103
- http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/endocrine/hypopit/anatomy.html
Elsevier, the world's largest publisher of medical and scientific literature, forms part of the Reed Elsevier group. Based in Amsterdam, the company has substantial operations in the UK, USA and elsewhere.
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The blood vessels are part of the cardiovascular system and function to transport blood throughout the body. The most important types, arteries and veins, carry blood away from or towards the heart, respectively.
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The hypothalamus links the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland (hypophysis). The hypothalamus, (from Greek ὑποθαλαμος = under the thalamus) is located below the thalamus, just above the brain stem.
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The anterior pituitary (also called the adenohypophysis, from Greek adeno, "gland"; hypo, "under"; physis, "growth"; hence, glandular undergrowth) comprises the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland and is part of the endocrine system.
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1. Pineal gland 2. Pituitary gland 3. Thyroid gland 4. Thymus 5. Adrenal gland 6. Pancreas 7. Ovary 8. Testes]]
The endocrine system
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The endocrine system
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The anterior pituitary (also called the adenohypophysis, from Greek adeno, "gland"; hypo, "under"; physis, "growth"; hence, glandular undergrowth) comprises the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland and is part of the endocrine system.
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hormone (from Greek όρμή - "to set in motion") is a chemical messenger that carries a signal from one cell (or group of cells) to another. All multicellular organisms produce hormones (including plants - see phytohormone).
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portal venous system occurs when a capillary bed drains into another capillary bed through veins. Both capillary beds and the blood vessels that connect them are considered part of the portal venous system.
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capillary is used to describe any very narrow tube or channel through which a fluid can pass. See capillary action for details.
Capillaries are the smallest of a body's blood vessels, measuring 5-10 μm, which connect arterioles and venules, and are
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A venule is a small blood vessel that allows deoxygenated blood to return from the capillary beds to the larger blood vessels called veins.
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Neurons (also known as neurones and nerve cells) are electrically excitable cells in the nervous system that process and transmit information. In vertebrate animals, neurons are the core components of the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves.
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Neurotransmitters are chemicals that are used to relay, amplify and modulate signals between a neuron and another cell. According to the prevailing beliefs of the 1960s, a chemical can be classified as a neurotransmitter if it meets the following conditions:
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ligand (latin ligare = to bind) is a molecule that is able to bind to and form a complex with a biomolecule to serve a biological purpose. In a narrower sense, it is an effector molecule binding to a site on a target protein, by intermolecular forces such as ionic bonds,
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