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Information about Hominin

Hominini
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Mammalia
Order:Primates
Superfamily:Hominoidea
Family:Hominidae
Subfamily:Homininae
Tribe:Hominini
Gray, 1825
Genera


Subtribe Panina Subtribe Hominina
For an explanation of very similar terms, see .
Hominini is the tribe of Homininae that only includes humans (Homo), chimpanzees (Pan), and their extinct ancestors. Members of the tribe are called hominins (cf. Hominidae, "hominids"). The subtribe Hominina is the "human" branch, including genus Homo and its close relatives, but not Pan.

The creation of this taxon is the result of the current idea that the least similar species of a trichotomy should be separated from the other two. Through DNA comparison, scientists believe the Pan/Homo divergence was completed between 5.4 to 6.3 million years ago, after an unusual process of speciation that ranged over four million years.[1] It is interesting to note that no fossil species on the Pan side of the split have been determined; all of the extinct genera listed to the right are ancestral to Homo, or are offshoots of such. However, both Orrorin and Sahelanthropus existed around the time of the split, and so may be ancestral to both humans and chimpanzees.

In the proposal of Mann and Weiss (1996),[2] the tribe Hominini includes Pan as well as Homo as separate subtribes. Homo (and, by inference, all bipedal apes) is by itself only in the subtribe Hominina, while Pan is in the Panina subtribe.
Extant Hominoid family tree

See also


References

1. ^ Human and chimp genomes reveal new twist on origin of species. EurekAlert!/AAAS. Retrieved on 2007-04-12.
2. ^ Mann, Alan and Mark Weiss (1996). "Hominoid Phylogeny and Taxonomy: a consideration of the molecular and Fossil Evidence in an Historical Perspective". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 5 (1): 169-181. 


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Part of the series on Human evolution
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The great apes
Extant generaPongo Gorilla Pan Homo
Extant speciesBornean Orangutan Sumatran Orangutan Western Gorilla Eastern Gorilla Common Chimpanzee Bonobo Human
Great ape studyAquatic ape hypothesis Ape language Ape Trust Goodall Chimpanzee genome project Human genome project
Legal statusPersonhood Research ban Declaration Kinshasa Declaration Great Ape Project Survival Project
See also...Bushmeat Ape extinction List of notable apes Human evolution
Scientific classification or biological classification is a method by which biologists group and categorize species of organisms. Scientific classification also can be called scientific taxonomy, but should be distinguished from folk taxonomy, which lacks scientific basis.
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Chordata
Bateson, 1885

Typical Classes

See below

Chordates (phylum Chordata) are a group of animals that includes the vertebrates, together with several closely related invertebrates.
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Mammalia
Linnaeus, 1758

Subclasses & Infraclasses
  • Subclass †Allotheria*
  • Subclass Prototheria
  • Subclass Theria

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Primates
Linnaeus, 1758

Families
  • 15, See classification
A primate is any member of the biological order Primates, the group that contains all the species commonly related to the lemurs, monkeys, and apes, with the last category
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  • An ape is a member of the Hominoidea superfamily of primates.
Ape or APE may also refer to:
  • Ape, Inc., video game development company
  • Ape, Latvia, a town in Latvia, northwest of Alūksne
  • A*P*E, a 1976 film

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Homininae
Gray, 1825

Tribes

Gorillini
Hominini

Homininae is a subfamily of Hominidae, including Homo sapiens and some extinct relatives, as well as the gorillas and the chimpanzees.
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John Edward Gray

Born January 12 1800(1800--)
Walsall, England
Died March 07 1875 (aged 75)

Nationality British
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18th century - 19th century - 20th century
1790s  1800s  1810s  - 1820s -  1830s  1840s  1850s
1822 1823 1824 - 1825 - 1826 1827 1828

:
Subjects:     Archaeology - Architecture -
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genus (plural: genera) is part of the Latinized name for an organism. It is a name which reflects the classification of the organism by grouping it with other closely similar organisms.
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Panina

Genus: Pan
Oken, 1816

Type species
Simia troglodytes
Blumenbach, 1775

distribution of Pan spp.

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Panina

Genus: Pan
Oken, 1816

Type species
Simia troglodytes
Blumenbach, 1775

distribution of Pan spp.

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Panina

Genus: Pan
Oken, 1816

Type species
Simia troglodytes
Blumenbach, 1775

distribution of Pan spp.

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Hominina

Genera
  • Homo (humans)
  • Paranthropus (extinct)
  • Australopithecus (extinct)
  • Sahelanthropus (extinct)
  • Orrorin (extinct)
  • Ardipithecus (extinct)
  • Kenyanthropus (extinct)

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Homo
Linnaeus, 1758

Species

Homo sapiens
See text for extinct species.
Homo is the genus that includes modern humans and their close relatives. The genus is estimated to be between 1.5 and 2.5 million years old.
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Paranthropus
Broom, 1938

Species
†Paranthropus aethiopicus
†Paranthropus boisei
†Paranthropus robustus

The robust australopithecines, members of the extinct hominin genus
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Australopithecus
R.A. Dart, 1925

Species
†A. afarensis ("Lucy")
†A. africanus
†A. anamensis
†A. bahrelghazali
†A.
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Sahelanthropus
Brunet et al, 2002

Species: S. tchadensis

Binomial name
†Sahelanthropus tchadensis
Brunet et al, 2002


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Orrorin
Senut et al, 2001

Species: O. tugenensis

Binomial name
†Orrorin tugenensis
Senut et al, 2001

Orrorin tugenensis
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Ardipithecus
White et al., 1995

Species
†Ardipithecus kadabba
†Ardipithecus ramidus

Ardipithecus is a very early hominin genus (subfamily Homininae).
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Kenyanthropus

Species: K. platyops

Binomial name
†Kenyanthropus platyops
Leakey et al.
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In biology, a tribe—or infrafamily—is a rank between subfamily and genus, or between subfamily and subtribe, if that rank is used.


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Homininae
Gray, 1825

Tribes

Gorillini
Hominini

Homininae is a subfamily of Hominidae, including Homo sapiens and some extinct relatives, as well as the gorillas and the chimpanzees.
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Homo
Linnaeus, 1758

Species

Homo sapiens
See text for extinct species.
Homo is the genus that includes modern humans and their close relatives. The genus is estimated to be between 1.5 and 2.5 million years old.
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Panina

Genus: Pan
Oken, 1816

Type species
Simia troglodytes
Blumenbach, 1775

distribution of Pan spp.

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extinction is the cessation of existence of a species or group of taxa, reducing biodiversity. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of that species (although the capacity to breed and recover may have been lost before this point).
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For the book by Robert J. Sawyer, see .


A hominid is any member of the biological family Hominidae (the "great apes"), including the extinct and extant humans, chimpanzees, gorillas, and orangutans.
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