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Information about Frilled Shark

Frilled shark

Conservation status
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Chondrichthyes
Subclass:Elasmobranchii
Order:Hexanchiformes
Family:Chlamydoselachidae
Garman, 1884
Genus:Chlamydoselachus
Species:C. anguineus
Binomial name
Chlamydoselachus anguineus
Garman, 1884

Range of frilled shark (in blue)


The frilled shark, Chlamydoselachus anguineus, is a primitive shark species, of the family Chlamydoselachidae in the order Hexanchiformes. The Southern African frilled shark is a proposed new species from the Southern African range. These two species are very different from the other hexanchiform sharks, and it has recently been proposed that the two frilled sharks should be given their own order: Chlamydoselachiformes. Additional extinct types are known from fossil teeth; thought to be extinct itself, it was only discovered in Japanese waters in the 19th century.[1] On January 21, 2007 a specimen was found alive off the coast of Japan near the Awashima Marine Park in Shizuoka, southwest of Tokyo. The shark was captured but, being in poor health, died shortly afterwards.[2]

Appearance

Enlarge picture
A preserved specimen
Superficially, the frilled shark resembles a dark brown or grey eel, but the six gill slits identify it as a shark. The tissue of the gill slits protrudes somewhat, thus inspiring the common name. Its dorsal fin is small, anal fin large, and the caudal fin (tail fin) is highly asymmetric, the dorsal part almost unnoticeable. Its teeth are small, tricuspid, and very sharp. It has been recorded at up to 2 m in length.

Distribution

Distribution is worldwide, but they are very rarely found in shallow water. They have been reported in all oceans but are mainly found near Norway, South Africa, New Zealand, and Chile. The sharks are usually found at depths of between 50 m and 1,500 m. They typically eat squid, other sharks, and deepwater bony fish.[3]The frilled shark is sometimes referred to as a living fossil partially because the species has changed little since pre-historic times.

Reproduction

Reproduction is not well understood, but like many other sharks they bear live young (ovoviviparous), with litter sizes of 2 to 12 pups. Compagno states "They are pregnant for a long time, probably one to two years".

Sightings

Enlarge picture
The first known video footage of a frilled shark in its natural habitat.


Frilled sharks appear regularly in the catches from bottom trawling, and when caught are used as food or for fishmeal.<ref name="FAO" />

On January 21 2007, staff at Awashima Marine Park in Shizuoka, southwest of Tokyo, were alerted by fishermen to a 'strange eel-like fish with razor sharp teeth'. The fish was identified as a female 1.6 m frilled shark and was captured by park staff who were concerned that the shark appeared to be unhealthy. They took it out of the water and put it into a salt water tank where they filmed it and took pictures of it. The shark died a few hours after capture. This rare surface appearance of a frilled shark has been attributed to the animal being unwell and possibly disoriented.[4]

See also

References

1. ^ Allen, Thomas B. (1999). The Shark Almanac. New York: The Lyons Press, 48. ISBN 1-55821-582-4. 
2. ^ CBS news story. Accessed 2007-01-25
3. ^ Compagno (1984). Sharks of the World: An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 14-15. 
4. ^ Rare shark captured on film. CNN. Retrieved on 2007-01-24.


General references

External links

conservation status of a species is an indicator of the likelihood of that species continuing to survive either in the present day or the future. Many factors are taken into account when assessing the conservation status of a species: not simply the number remaining, but the
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Near Threatened (NT) is a conservation status assigned to species or lower taxa which may be considered threatened with extinction in the near future, although it does not currently qualify for the threatened status.
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Scientific classification or biological classification is a method by which biologists group and categorize species of organisms. Scientific classification also can be called scientific taxonomy, but should be distinguished from folk taxonomy, which lacks scientific basis.
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Chordata
Bateson, 1885

Typical Classes

See below

Chordates (phylum Chordata) are a group of animals that includes the vertebrates, together with several closely related invertebrates.
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Chondrichthyes
Huxley, 1880

Subclasses and Orders

See text.

The Chondrichthyes or cartilaginous fishes are jawed fish with paired fins, paired nostrils, scales, two-chambered hearts, and skeletons made of cartilage rather than bone.
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Elasmobranchii
Bonaparte, 1838

Superorders

Batoidea (rays and skates)
Selachimorpha (sharks)

Elasmobranchii is the subclass of cartilaginous fish that includes skates, rays (batoidea), and sharks (selachii).
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Hexanchiformes
de Buen, 1926

Families
See text for families, genera and species

Hexanchiformes is the order consisting of the most primitive types of sharks, and numbering just five extant species.
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Samuel Walton Garman (1846- 1927) was a naturalist/ zoologist from Pennsylvania. He studied under Louis Agassiz. In 1868 he joined an expedition to the American West with John Wesley Powell.
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binomial nomenclature is the formal system of naming species. The system is also called binominal nomenclature (particularly in zoological circles), binary nomenclature (particularly in botanical circles), or the binomial classification system.
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Garman may refer to:
  • John Garman Hertzler, American actor
  • Ralph Garman, actor
  • Samuel Garman, naturalist/zoologist from Pennsylvania
  • Mary Garman, Bohemian, associated with the Bloomsbury set

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18th century - 19th century - 20th century
1850s  1860s  1870s  - 1880s -  1890s  1900s  1910s
1881 1882 1883 - 1884 - 1885 1886 1887

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Subjects:     Archaeology - Architecture -
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SHARK

General
Vincent Rijmen, Joan Daemen, Bart Preneel, Antoon Bosselaers, Erik De Win
1996

KHAZAD, Rijndael

Cipher detail
Key size(s):| 128 bits

Block size(s):| 64 bits
Substitution-permutation network
6

In cryptography,
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family (Latin: familia, plural familiae) is a rank, or a taxon in that rank. Exact details of formal nomenclature depend on the Nomenclature Code which applies.
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order (Latin: ordo, plural ordines) is a rank between class and family (termed a taxon at that rank). The superorder is a rank between class and order. Exact details of formal nomenclature depend on the Nomenclature Code which applies.
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Hexanchiformes
de Buen, 1926

Families
See text for families, genera and species

Hexanchiformes is the order consisting of the most primitive types of sharks, and numbering just five extant species.
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Chlamydoselachidae
Garman, 1884

Genus: Chlamydoselachus
Garman, 1884

Species: C. sp.
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For other uses of the term, see Fossil (disambiguation)


FOSSIL is a standard for allowing serial communication for telecommunications programs under the DOS operating system.
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For the periodical, see .
The 19th Century (also written XIX century) lasted from 1801 through 1900 in the Gregorian calendar. It is often referred to as the "1800s.
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January 21 is the 1st day of the year (2nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 0 days remaining.

Events


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20th century - 21st century - 22nd century
1970s  1980s  1990s  - 2000s -  2010s  2020s  2030s
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Shizuoka can refer to:
  • Shizuoka Prefecture - a Japanese prefecture with 3.7 million people
  • Shizuoka, Shizuoka - a city in Shizuoka Prefecture with 700,000 people

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Tokyo Metropolis (東京都 Tōkyō-to)

Capital n/a
Region Kantō
Island Honshū
Governor Shintaro Ishihara
Area 2,187.
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Anguilliformes

Suborders
See text for suborders and families.
True eels (Anguilliformes) are an order of fish, which consists of 4 suborders, 19 families, 110 genera and 400 species. Most eels are predators.
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Gill slits are gills with individual openings rather than an outer cover. Cartilaginous fish such as sharks, rays, sawfish, and guitarfish all have gill slits. Most have five pairs, but a few species have 6 or 7 pairs. Bony fish have an outer bony gill covering called an operculum.
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dorsal fin is a fin located on the backs of some fishes, whales, dolphins, and porpoises, as well as the (extinct) ichthyosaurs. Its main purpose is to stabilize the animal against rolling and assist in sudden turns.
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Earth's oceans
(World Ocean)
  • Arctic Ocean
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  • Pacific Ocean
  • Southern Ocean
An ocean (from Ωκεανός, Okeanos
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Motto
Royal: Alt for Norge ("Everything for Norway")
1814 Eidsvoll oath: Enige og tro til Dovre faller
("United and faithful until the mountains of Dovre crumble")

Anthem
Ja, vi elsker

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