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Information about Fludrocortisone

Fludrocortisone is a synthetic corticosteroid with moderate glucocorticoid potency and much greater mineralocorticoid potency. It is used primarily to replace the missing hormone aldosterone in various forms of adrenal insufficiency such as Addison's disease and the classic salt wasting (21-hydroxylase deficiency) form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia. It is occasionally used to treat orthostatic hypotension as well.

The brand name in the U.S. is Florinef. It is available in 0.1 mg tablets. Typical daily doses for mineralocorticoid replacement are between 0.05 mg - 0.2 mg. Renin plasma, sodium, and potassium is checked through blood tests in order to verify that the correct dosage is reached.

Chemically, its structure is identical to cortisone except for the substitution of F in place of one hydrogen. F is a good bioisostere for hydrogen because it is similar in size. The major difference is in its electronegativity.



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Corticosteroids - glucocorticoid/receptor and mineralocorticoid/receptor (A07EA, C05AA, D07, D10AA, H02, R01AD, R03BA, S01BA, S02B, and S03B)
EndogenousAldosterone, Cortisone, Hydrocortisone/cortisol, Desoxycortone
OthersAlclometasone, Amcinonide, Beclometasone, Betamethasone, Budesonide, Ciclesonide, Clobetasol, Clobetasone, Clocortolone, Cloprednol, Cortivazol, Deflazacort, Deoxycorticosterone, Desonide, Desoximetasone, Dexamethasone, Diflorasone, Diflucortolone, Difluprednate, Fluclorolone, Fludrocortisone, Fludroxycortide, Flumetasone, Flunisolide, Fluocinolone acetonide, Fluocinonide, Fluocortin, Fluocortolone, Fluorometholone, Fluperolone, Fluprednidene, Fluticasone, Formocortal, Halcinonide, Halometasone, Hydrocortisone aceponate, Hydrocortisone buteprate, Hydrocortisone butyrate, Loteprednol, Medrysone, Meprednisone, Methylprednisolone,Methylprednisolone aceponate, Mometasone furoate, Paramethasone, Prednicarbate, Prednisone, Prednisolone, Prednylidene, Rimexolone, Tixocortol, Triamcinolone, Ulobetasol
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Corticosteroids for systemic use (H02)
MineralocorticoidsAldosterone - Fludrocortisone - Desoxycortone
GlucocorticoidsBetamethasone - Dexamethasone - Fluocortolone - Methylprednisolone - Paramethasone - Prednisolone - Prednisone - Triamcinolone - Hydrocortisone - Cortisone - Prednylidene - Rimexolone - Deflazacort - Cloprednol - Meprednisone - Cortivazol
AnticorticosteroidsTrilostane
Corticosteroids are a class of steroid hormones that are produced in the adrenal cortex. Corticosteroids are involved in a wide range of physiologic systems such as stress response, immune response and regulation of inflammation, carbohydrate metabolism, protein catabolism, blood
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Glucocorticoids are a class of steroid hormones characterised by an ability to bind with the cortisol receptor and trigger similar effects. Glucocorticoids are distinguished from mineralocorticoids and sex steroids by the specific receptors, target cells, and effects.
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Mineralocorticoids are a class of steroid hormones characterised by their similarity to aldosterone and their influence on salt and water balance.

Physiology

The name mineralocorticoid
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Aldosterone is a steroid hormone (mineralocorticoid family) produced by the outer-section (zona glomerulosa) of the adrenal cortex in the adrenal gland to regulate sodium and potassium balance in the blood.

It was first isolated by Simpson and Tait in 1953.
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MeSH D000309 In medicine, adrenal insufficiency (or "hypocortisolism") is the inability of the adrenal gland to produce adequate amounts of cortisol in response to stress. See also: Adrenal Fatigue or Hypoadrenia.
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Addison's disease
Classification & external resources

ICD-10 E 27.1 -E 27.2
ICD-9 255.4

DiseasesDB 222
MedlinePlus 000378
eMedicine med/42  
MeSH D000224 Addison's disease (also known as chronic adrenal insufficiency
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Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Classification & external resources

Cortisol
ICD-10 E 25.0
ICD-9 255.2

OMIM 201910 201710 202110 201810 202010
DiseasesDB 1854 1832 4 1841 2565
MedlinePlus 000411
eMedicine ped/48  
MeSH
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MeSH D007024 Orthostatic hypotension (also known as postural hypotension, orthostatic intolerance and, colloquially, as head rush or a dizzy spell
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In medicinal chemistry, bioisosteres are substituents or groups with similar physical or chemical properties that impart similar biological properties to a chemical compound.
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Electronegativity, symbol χ, is a chemical property which describes the power of an atom (or, more rarely, a functional group) to attract electrons towards itself.[1] First proposed by Linus Pauling in 1932 as a development of valence bond theory,[2]
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Corticosteroids are a class of steroid hormones that are produced in the adrenal cortex. Corticosteroids are involved in a wide range of physiologic systems such as stress response, immune response and regulation of inflammation, carbohydrate metabolism, protein catabolism, blood
..... Click the link for more information.
Glucocorticoids are a class of steroid hormones characterised by an ability to bind with the cortisol receptor and trigger similar effects. Glucocorticoids are distinguished from mineralocorticoids and sex steroids by the specific receptors, target cells, and effects.
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The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) or nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1 is a ligand-activated transcription factor that binds with high affinity to cortisol and other glucocorticoids.
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Mineralocorticoids are a class of steroid hormones characterised by their similarity to aldosterone and their influence on salt and water balance.

Physiology

The name mineralocorticoid
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The mineralocorticoid receptor (or MR, MLR, MCR), also called aldosterone receptor, is officially labelled nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 2, (NR3C2) and is a receptor with high affinity for mineralocorticoids.
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A section of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System.

D Dermatologicals

D07A Corticosteroids, plain

D07AA Corticosteroids, weak (group I)

D07AA01 Methylprednisolone
D07AA02 Hydrocortisone

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A section of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System.

H Systemic hormonal preparations, excluding sex hormones and insulins

H02A Corticosteroids for systemic use, plain

H02AA Mineralocorticoids

H02AA01 Aldosterone

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Aldosterone is a steroid hormone (mineralocorticoid family) produced by the outer-section (zona glomerulosa) of the adrenal cortex in the adrenal gland to regulate sodium and potassium balance in the blood.

It was first isolated by Simpson and Tait in 1953.
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Cortisone (ˈkôrtəˌsōn or -zōn, IPA: ˈkɔrtɨˌsoʊn or -zoʊn)) (17-hydroxy-11-dehydrocorticosterone) is a steroid hormone.
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Cortisol is a corticosteroid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex (in the adrenal gland). It is a vital hormone that is often referred to as the "stress hormone" as it is involved in the response to stress.
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Desoxycorticosterone (11-deoxycorticosterone) is a mineralocorticoid secreted from Zona reticularis and Zona fasciculata of the adrenal gland. In the cytosol of the mitochondrion, pregnenolone is converted to either androgens or 11-deoxycorticosterone and 11-deoxycortisol by
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Description

Alclometasone is synthetic glucocorticoid steroid for topical use in dermatology as anti-inflammatory, antipruritic, antiallergic, antiproliferative and vasoconstrictive agent.
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Amcinonide is a corticosteroid.


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Beclometasone dipropionate (INN modified) or beclomethasone dipropionate (USAN, former BAN), also referred to as beclometasone (INN), is a potent Class A glucocorticoid steroid drug. In the form of an inhaler (e.g.
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Betamethasone is a moderate-potent glucocorticoid steroid with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive abilities, used especially where water retention is undesirable. It is applied as a topical cream, ointment, foam, lotion or gel to treat itching (e.g. from eczema).
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Budesonide is a glucocorticoid steroid for the treatment of asthma, non-infectious rhinitis (including hay fever and other allergies), and for treatment and prevention of nasal polyposis. Additionally, it is used for inflammatory bowel disease.
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Ciclesonide is a glucocorticoid used to treat obstructive airway diseases. It is marketed under the brand name Alvesco for asthma outside the US and Omnaris/Omniair for hayfever in the US.
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Clobetasol propionate comes in ointment and emollient cream presentations. It is a very high potency topical corticosteroid that should not be used with occlusive dressings.
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Clobetasone is a corticosteroid used in dermatology, for treating such skin inflammation as seen in eczema and other forms of dermatitis, and ophthalmology.

It is available as clobetasone butyrate under the brand name Eumovate manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline.
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Clocortolone (or clocortolone pivalate) is a corticosteroid.


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