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Information about Fissures

In anatomy, fissure (Latin fissura, Plural fissurae) is a groove, natural division, deep furrow, cleft, or tear in various parts of the body.

Natural fissure

Various types of fissure are:
  • Auricular fissure: found in the temporal bone
  • Fissure of Bichat: found below the corpus callosum in the cerebellum of the brain.
  • Broca's fissure: found in the third left frontal fold of the brain.
  • Burdach's fissure: connects the brain's insula and the inner surface of the operculum.
  • Calcarine fissure: extends from the occipital of the cerebrum to the occipital fissure.
  • Callosomarginal fissure: found in the mesial surface of the cerebrum.
  • Central fissure or Ronaldo's fissure: separates the brain's frontal and parietal lobes.
  • Clevenger's fissure: found in the inferior temporal lobe of the brain
  • Collateral fissure: found in the inferior surface of the cerebrum.
  • Fissure vent: a volcanic vent that does not include explosive activity.
  • Henle's fissure: the connective tissue between the muscle fibers of the heart.
  • Hippocampal fissure: a fissure that extends from the brain's corpus callosum to the tip of the temporal lobe.
  • Horizontal fissure or Transverse fissure: found between the cerebrum and the cerebellum. Transverse fissure is also found in the liver and lungs.
  • Longitudinal fissure: found in the lower surface of the liver, also a fissure that separates the right and left hemispheres of the cerebrum.
  • Occipitoparietal fissure: found between the occipital and parietal lobes of the brain.
  • Palpebral fissure: separates the upper and lower eyelids.
  • Portal fissure: found in the under-surface of the liver.
  • Sphenoidal fissure: separates the wings and the body of the sphenoid bone.
  • Fissure of Sylvius: separates the frontal and parietal lobes of the brain from the temporal lobe.
  • Umbilical fissure: found in front of the liver.
  • Wernicke's fissure: separates the brain's temporal and parietal lobes from the occipital lobe.
  • Zygal fissure: found in the cerebrum.

Abnormal fissure

Fissure can also mean unnatural tract or ulcer, most commonly found in the anus. One of the most common types of fissure is anal fissure.

See also

Anatomy (from the Greek ἀνατομία anatomia, from ἀνατέμνειν
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Latin}}} 
Official status
Official language of: Vatican City
Used for official purposes, but not spoken in everyday speech
Regulated by: Opus Fundatum Latinitas
Roman Catholic Church
Language codes
ISO 639-1: la
ISO 639-2: lat
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Plural is a grammatical number, typically referring to more than one of the referent in the real world.

In the English language, singular and plural are the only grammatical numbers.

In English, nouns, pronouns, and demonstratives inflect for plurality.
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The temporal bones are situated at the sides and base of the skull.

The temporal bone supports that part of the face known as the temple.

Parts

Each consists of five parts:
  • Squama temporalis
  • Mastoid portion
  • Petrous portion
  • Tympanic part

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The corpus callosum is a structure of the mammalian brain in the longitudinal fissure that connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres. It is the largest white matter structure in the brain, consisting of 200-250 million contralateral axonal projections.
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The cerebellum (Latin: "little brain") is a region of the brain that plays an important role in the integration of sensory perception and motor output. Many neural pathways link the cerebellum with the motor cortex—which sends information to the muscles causing them
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In animals, the brain or encephalon (Greek for "in the skull"), is the control center of the central nervous system, responsible for behavior. The brain is located in the head, protected by the skull and close to the primary sensory apparatus of vision, hearing,
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In biology, operculum (Latin for "little lid") has been used to describe several different anatomical features, in animals, in humans and even in plants. The following list gives some of the uses of the term:
  • Operculum (gastropod), a lid on the shell of some gastropods.

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The calcarine fissure (or calcarine sulcus) is an anatomical landmark located at the very caudal end of the medial surface of the brain. It begins near the occipital pole in two converging rami and runs forward to a point a little below the splenium of the corpus callosum,
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The telencephalon (IPA: /tɛlɛnˈsɛfəlɑn/) is the name for the forebrain, a large region within the brain to which many functions are attributed.
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The central sulcus is a fold in the cerebral cortex of brains in vertebrates. Also called the central fissure, it was originally called the fissure of Rolando or the Rolandic fissure, after Luigi Rolando.
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The central sulcus is a fold in the cerebral cortex of brains in vertebrates. Also called the central fissure, it was originally called the fissure of Rolando or the Rolandic fissure, after Luigi Rolando.
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The parietal lobe is a lobe in the brain. It is positioned above (superior to) the occipital lobe and behind (posterior to) the frontal lobe.

The parietal lobe integrates sensory information from different modalities, particularly determining spatial sense and navigation.
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The collateral fissure (or sulcus) is on the tentorial surface of the hemisphere and extends from near the occipital pole to within a short distance of the temporal pole.
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A fissure vent, also known as a volcanic fissure or simply fissure, is a linear volcanic vent through which lava erupts, usually without any explosive activity. The vent is usually a few meters wide and may be many kilometers long.
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heart is a muscular organ responsible for pumping blood through the blood vessels by repeated, rhythmic contractions, or a similar structure in the annelids, mollusks, and arthropods.
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Horizontal fissure can refer to:
  • Horizontal fissure of cerebellum
  • Horizontal fissure of right lung

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Transverse fissure can refer to:
  • Transverse fissure of liver (or 'porta')
  • Horizontal fissure of right lung (or 'horizontal fissure')

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liver is an organ present in vertebrates and some other animals. It plays a major role in metabolism and has a number of functions in the body, including glycogen storage, decomposition of red blood cells, plasma protein synthesis, and detoxification.
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lungs flank the heart and great vessels in the chest cavity.[1]]]

The lung is the essential respiration organ in air-breathing vertebrates, the most primitive being the lungfish.
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The medial longitudinal fissure (or longitudinal cerebral fissure, or longitudinal fissure, or interhemispheric fissure) is the deep groove which separates the two hemispheres of the vertebrate brain.
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liver is an organ present in vertebrates and some other animals. It plays a major role in metabolism and has a number of functions in the body, including glycogen storage, decomposition of red blood cells, plasma protein synthesis, and detoxification.
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Palpebral fissure is the anatomic name for the separation between the upper and lower eyelids. In the adult this measures about 10mm vertically and 30 mm horizontally.

The Latin term is rima palpebrarum.
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An eyelid is a thin fold of skin and muscle that covers and protects an eye. With the exception of the prepuce and the labia minora, it has the thinnest skin of the whole body. The levator palpebrae superioris muscle retracts the eyelid to "open" the eye.
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The sphenoid bone (from Greek sphenoeides, "wedgelike") is a bone situated at the base of the skull in front of the temporals and basilar part of the occipital bone.

The sphenoid bone somewhat resembles a butterfly or bat with its wings extended.
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Bones are rigid organs that form part of the endoskeleton of vertebrates. They function to move, support, and protect the various organs of the body, produce red and white blood cells and store minerals.
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The lateral sulcus (also called Sylvian fissure or lateral fissure) is one of the most prominent structures of the human brain. It divides the frontal lobe and parietal lobe above from the temporal lobe below.
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anus (from Latin ānus "ring, anus") is the external opening of the rectum. Closure is controlled by sphincter muscles. Feces are expelled from the body through the anus during the act of defecation, which is the primary function of the anus.
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anal fissure is an unnatural crack or tear in the anus skin. As a fissure, these tiny tears may show as bright red rectal bleeding and cause severe periodic pain after defecation.[1] The tear usually extends from the anal opening and located posteriorly in the midline.
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A sulcus (pronounced with a hard c) (pl. sulci) is a depression or fissure in the surface of an organ, especially the brain.

Examples of sulci

In the brain

See Sulcus (neuroanatomy)

Elsewhere

  • sulcus arteriæ vertebralis

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