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Information about Extensor Digitorum Longus Muscle

The mucous sheaths of the tendons around the ankle. Lateral aspect. (Extensor dig. longus labeled at upper right.)
Latinmusculus extensor digitorum longus
subject #129 481
Origin:Lateral Condyle of tibia and superior ¾ of interosseous membrane
Insertion:Middle and Distal phalanges of lateral four digits
Artery:anterior tibial artery
Nerve:peroneal nerve
Action:extension of toes and ankle
Antagonist:Flexor digitorum longus, Flexor digitorum brevis
Dorlands/Elsevier m_22/12548912
The Extensor digitorum longus is a pennate muscle, situated at the lateral part of the front of the leg.

Origin and insertion

It arises from the lateral condyle of the tibia; from the upper three-fourths of the anterior surface of the body of the fibula; from the upper part of the interosseous membrane; from the deep surface of the fascia; and from the intermuscular septa between it and the Tibialis anterior on the medial, and the Peronæi on the lateral side.

Between it and the Tibialis anterior are the upper portions of the anterior tibial vessels and deep peroneal nerve.

The tendon passes under the transverse and cruciate crural ligaments in company with the Peronæus tertius, and divides into four slips, which run forward on the dorsum of the foot, and are inserted into the second and third phalanges of the four lesser toes.

The tendons to the second, third, and fourth toes are each joined, opposite the metatarsophalangeal articulation, on the lateral side by a tendon of the Extensor digitorum brevis.

The tendons are inserted in the following manner: each receives a fibrous expansion from the Interossei and Lumbricalis, and then spreads out into a broad aponeurosis, which covers the dorsal surface of the first phalanx: this aponeurosis, at the articulation of the first with the second phalanx, divides into three slips—an intermediate, which is inserted into the base of the second phalanx; and two collateral slips, which, after uniting on the dorsal surface of the second phalanx, are continued onward, to be inserted into the base of the third phalanx.

Variations

This muscle varies considerably in the modes of origin and the arrangement of its various tendons.

The tendons to the second and fifth toes may be found doubled, or extra slips are given off from one or more tendons to their corresponding metatarsal bones, or to the short extensor, or to one of the interosseous muscles.

A slip to the great toe from the innermost tendon has been found.

Additional images


Bones of the right foot. Dorsal surface.

Muscles of the front of the leg.

Cross-section through middle of leg.

Deep nerves of the front of the leg.


See also

External links

This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. As such, some of the information contained herein may be outdated. Please edit the article if this is the case, and feel free to remove this notice when it is no longer relevant.
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Muscles of lower limbs
ILIAC REGION/ILIOPSOASpsoas major - psoas minor - iliacus
BUTTOCKSgluteals: (maximus, medius, minimus) - tensor fasciae latae
lateral rotator group: piriformis - obturator externus - obturator internus - inferior gemellus - superior gemellus - quadratus femoris
THIGHanterior compartment: sartorius - quadriceps (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis) - articularis genu
medial compartment/adductor: gracilis - pectineus - adductor brevis - adductor longus - adductor magnus
posterior compartment/hamstring: biceps femoris - semitendinosus, semimembranosus
LEGanterior compartment: tibialis anterior - extensor hallucis longus - extensor digitorum longus - fibularis tertius
posterior compartment: superficial - calf/triceps surae (gastrocnemius, soleus) - plantaris deep - popliteus - tarsal tunnel (flexor hallucis longus - flexor digitorum longus - tibialis posterior)
lateral compartment: fibularis muscles (longus - brevis)
FOOTdorsal - extensor digitorum brevis - extensor hallucis brevis
plantar first layer - abductor hallucis - flexor digitorum brevis - abductor digiti minimi
plantar second layer - quadratus plantae - lumbrical muscle
plantar third layer - flexor hallucis brevis - adductor hallucis - flexor digiti minimi brevis
plantar fourth layer - dorsal interossei - plantar interossei
Latin}}} 
Official status
Official language of: Vatican City
Used for official purposes, but not spoken in everyday speech
Regulated by: Opus Fundatum Latinitas
Roman Catholic Church
Language codes
ISO 639-1: la
ISO 639-2: lat
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bold refer to the diagram at right.)

In the skull (8):
  • 1-9. cranium
  • 7. mandible
''In the middle ears (6):
  • malleus
  • incus
  • stapes
In the throat (1):
  • hyoid
In the shoulder girdle (4):
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An interosseous membrane is a broad and thin plane of fibrous tissue that separates many of the bones of the body. It is an important component of many joints.

Interosseous membranes in the human body:
  • Interosseous membrane of the forearm

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bold refer to the diagram at right.)

In the skull (8):
  • 1-9. cranium
  • 7. mandible
''In the middle ears (6):
  • malleus
  • incus
  • stapes
In the throat (1):
  • hyoid
In the shoulder girdle (4):
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Phalanges is commonly given to the bones that form fingers and toes. In primates such as humans and monkeys, the thumb and big toe have two phalanges, while the other fingers and toes consist of three. Phalanges are classified as long bones.
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Arteries are muscular blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.[1] All arteries, with the exception of the pulmonary and umbilical arteries, carry oxygenated blood.

The circulatory system is extremely important for sustaining life.
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The anterior tibial artery of the lower limb carries blood to the anterior compartment of the leg and dorsal surface of the foot, from the popliteal artery.

It is accompanied by a deep vein, the anterior tibial vein, along its course.
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  • Accessory nerve
  • Accessory obturator nerve
  • Alderman's nerve
  • Anococcygeal nerve
  • Ansa cervicalis
  • Anterior interosseous nerve
  • Anterior superior alveolar nerve
  • Aortic plexus
  • Auerbach's plexus
  • Auriculotemporal nerve
  • Axillary nerve

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The common peroneal nerve (common fibular nerve; external popliteal nerve; peroneal nerve), about one-half the size of the tibial nerve, is derived from the dorsal branches of the fourth and fifth lumbar and the first and second sacral nerves.
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Kinesiology is the scientific study of the anatomy, physiology, and mechanics of body movement, especially in humans. [1] The word kinesiology is derived the Greek "kinesis" (motion) + the suffix -ology or -logy from the greek "logos" or "logia"(meaning a field of study).
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Extension is a movement of a joint. For example, extension is produced by extending the flexed elbow. The arm is now straight; it has been extended. If the head is tilted all the way back, it is said to be extended.

The movement in the opposite directions is called flexion.
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Toes are the digits of the foot of an animal. Many animal species such as cats walk on their toes, and are described as being digitigrade. Humans, and other animals that walk on the soles of their feet, are plantigrade; unguligrade
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ankle joint is formed where the foot and the leg meet. The ankle, or talocrural joint, is a synovial hinge joint that connects the distal ends of the tibia and fibula in the lower limb with the proximal end of the talus bone in the foot.
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An antagonist is a kind of muscle that acts in opposition to the movement generated by the agonist and is responsible for returning a limb to its initial position.

Antagonistic pairs in houses

These antagonistic muscles are found in pairs called antagonistic pairs.
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The Flexor digitorum longus is situated on the tibial side of the leg. At its origin it is thin and pointed, but it gradually increases in size as it descends.

Origin and insertion


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The Flexor digitorum brevis lies in the middle of the sole of the foot, immediately above the central part of the plantar aponeurosis, with which it is firmly united.

Its deep surface is separated from the lateral plantar vessels and nerves by a thin layer of fascia.
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Elsevier, the world's largest publisher of medical and scientific literature, forms part of the Reed Elsevier group. Based in Amsterdam, the company has substantial operations in the UK, USA and elsewhere.
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Pennate is used to mean "winged", "feathered" or simply "shaped like a wing". The latter definition is sometimes used to describe plant leaf morphology (see lanceolate).

Pennate diatoms are bilaterally symmetrical, and belong to the order Pennales.
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Lateral condyle can refer to:
  • Lateral condyle of tibia
  • Lateral condyle of femur
  • Lateral condyle on metatarsal

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tibia is the larger of the two bones in the leg below the knee in vertebrates.

In humans

The tibia or shin bone, in human anatomy, is found medial (towards the middle) and anterior (towards the front) to the other such bone, the fibula.
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For other uses see fibula (disambiguation)


The fibula or calf bone is a bone located on the lateral side of the tibia, with which it is connected above and below.
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An interosseous membrane is a broad and thin plane of fibrous tissue that separates many of the bones of the body. It is an important component of many joints.

Interosseous membranes in the human body:
  • Interosseous membrane of the forearm

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In human anatomy, the tibialis anterior is a muscle in the shin that spans the length of the tibia. It originates in the upper two-thirds of the lateral surface of the tibia and inserts into the medial cuneiform and first metatarsal bones of the foot.
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The Fibularis muscles (also peronæus) are a group of three muscles fibularis (peronæus) longus, brevis, and tertius originating on the Fibula and inserting on the metatarsals.
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The inferior extensor retinaculum of the foot (cruciate crural ligament, lower part of anterior annular ligament) is a Y-shaped band placed in front of the ankle-joint, the stem of the Y being attached laterally to the upper surface of the calcaneus, in front of the
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The peroneus tertius (also known as fibularis tertius) is a muscle of the human body located in the lower limb. It does not exist in all individuals.

The peroneus tertius is a part of the extensor digitorum longus, and might be described as its fifth tendon.
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The metatarsophalangeal articulations are of the condyloid kind, formed by the reception of the rounded heads of the metatarsal bones in shallow cavities on the ends of the first phalanges.

The ligaments are the plantar and two collateral.
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The extensor digitorum brevis muscle is a muscle on the upper surface of the foot that helps extend digits 2, 3, and 4.

Structure

The extensor digitorum brevis is found on the back of the foot.
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Interossei refer to muscles between the bones. Specific interossei include:
  • Upper limbs
  • Dorsal interossei muscles (hand)
  • Palmar interossei muscles

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Lumbrical can refer to:
  • Lumbrical muscle (hand)
  • Lumbrical muscle (foot)

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