Information about Drowsiness
| ICD-10 | R40.0 |
|---|---|
| ICD-9 | 780.09 |
Somnolence (or "drowsiness") is a state of near-sleep, a strong desire for sleep, or sleeping for unusually long periods. It has two distinct meanings, referring both to the usual state preceding falling asleep, and the chronic condition referring to being in that state independent of a circadian rhythm. The disorder characterized by the latter condition is most commonly associated with users of prescription hypnotics, such as mirtazapine or zolpidem.
It is considered a lesser impairment of consciousness than stupor or coma.
Hazards
Somnolence can be dangerous when performing tasks that require constant concentration, such as driving a vehicle. When a person is sufficiently fatigued, he or she may experience microsleeps (loss of concentration).Associated conditions
This is an incomplete list. Please add to this list if you are aware of an omission.- sleep apnea
- sleep deprivation / insomnia
- advanced sleep phase syndrome
- narcolepsy
- clinical depression, especially seasonal affective disorder or SAD
- infectious mononucleosis (glandular fever)
- Paget's disease
- increased intracranial pressure for example due to brain tumors
- brain edema
- stroke
- traumatic brain injury
- Intracranial hemorrhage such as due to ruptured aneurysm
- hydrocephalus
- cerebral hypoxia
- encephalitis - (viral, bacterial or other agents)
- Lyme disease (borreliosis)
- hypothyroidism
- starvation
- hypothermia
- medications
- tranquilizers / hypnotics especially benzodiazepines such as temazepam (Restoril®) or nitrazepam (Mogadon®) and barbiturates such as amobarbital (Amytal®) or secobarbital (Seconal®)
- antidepressants - for instance sertraline and venlafaxine.
- antipsychotics - for example: thioridazine, quetiapine, and olanzapine (Zyprexa) but not haloperidol.
- analgesics - mostly prescribed or illicit opiates such as Oxycontin or heroin
- HIV medications - for example: Sustiva and medications containing efavirenz
- anticonvulsants / antiepileptic - such as phenytoin (Dilantin), carbamazepine (Tegretol), lamotrigine (Lamictal) (see article on Epilepsy.com)
- antihistamines - for instance diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
- hypertension medications such as Norvasc
- generally many other agents with impact on central nervous system in sufficient or toxic doses
See also
The term symptom (from the Greek σύμπτωμα meaning 'chance', 'mishap' or 'casualty', itself derived from συμπιπτω
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Simply, a sign is an indication of some fact or quality; and, in everyday English, a medical sign is an "objective" indication of some medical fact or quality that is detected by a physician during a physical examination of a patient—such as elevated
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For other uses of "ICD", see ICD (disambiguation).
The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (most commonly known by the abbreviation ICD
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List of ICD-10 codes. The version for 2007 is available online at [1]
Chapter Blocks Title
I Certain infectious and parasitic diseases
II Neoplasms
III Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs and certain disorders involving the immune mechanism
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Chapter Blocks Title
I Certain infectious and parasitic diseases
II Neoplasms
III Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs and certain disorders involving the immune mechanism
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For other uses of "ICD", see ICD (disambiguation).
The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (most commonly known by the abbreviation ICD
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The following is a list of codes for International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. These codes are in the public domain.
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See also
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Sleep is the state of natural rest observed throughout the animal kingdom, in all mammals and birds, and in many reptiles, amphibians, and fish.
In humans, other mammals, and many other animals that have been studied — such as fish, birds, ants, and fruit-flies —
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In humans, other mammals, and many other animals that have been studied — such as fish, birds, ants, and fruit-flies —
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A circadian rhythm is a roughly-24-hour cycle in the physiological processes of living beings, including plants, animals, fungi and cyanobacteria. The term "circadian", coined by Franz Halberg,[1] comes from the Latin circa, "around", and diem or
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Hypnotic drugs are a class of drugs that induce sleep (which differentiates them from the sedative category), used in the treatment of insomnia and in surgical anesthesia. Often the treatment of insomnia will not begin with drugs at all.
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Mirtazapine is an antidepressant introduced by Organon International in 1996 used for the treatment of moderate to severe depression. Mirtazapine has a tetracyclic chemical structure and is classified as a noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressant (NaSSA).
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Zolpidem is a prescription short-acting nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic that potentiates gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), an inhibitory neurotransmitter, by binding to benzodiazepine receptors which are located on the gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors.
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Stupor is a common condition which presents itself in response to or during emergency medical services. It is defined as a clinical syndrome of akinesis and mutism but with relative preservation of conscious awareness.
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Coma
Classifications and external resources
ICD-10 R 40.2
ICD-9 780.01
In medicine, a coma (from the Greek κῶμα koma, meaning deep sleep) is a profound state of unconsciousness.
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Classifications and external resources
ICD-10 R 40.2
ICD-9 780.01
In medicine, a coma (from the Greek κῶμα koma, meaning deep sleep) is a profound state of unconsciousness.
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Vehicles are non-living means of transport. They are most often man-made (e.g. bicycles, cars, motorcycles, trains, ships, and aircraft), although some other means of transport which are not made by man can also be called vehicles; examples include icebergs and floating tree trunks.
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Sleep deprivation is a general lack of the necessary amount of sleep. This may occur as a result of sleep disorders, active choice or deliberate inducement such as in interrogation or for torture.
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MeSH D012891
Sleep apnea, sleep apnoea or sleep apnœa is a sleep disorder characterized by pauses in breathing during sleep. These episodes, called apneas (literally, "without breath"), each last long enough so one or more breaths are missed, and
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Sleep apnea, sleep apnoea or sleep apnœa is a sleep disorder characterized by pauses in breathing during sleep. These episodes, called apneas (literally, "without breath"), each last long enough so one or more breaths are missed, and
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Sleep deprivation is a general lack of the necessary amount of sleep. This may occur as a result of sleep disorders, active choice or deliberate inducement such as in interrogation or for torture.
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MeSH D007319
Insomnia is a sleeping disorder characterized by the inability to fall asleep and/or the inability to remain asleep for a reasonable amount of time.
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Insomnia is a sleeping disorder characterized by the inability to fall asleep and/or the inability to remain asleep for a reasonable amount of time.
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Advanced sleep phase syndrome
Classification & external resources
ICD-9 327.32
Advanced sleep phase syndrome (ASPS), also known as the advanced sleep-phase type (ASPT
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Classification & external resources
ICD-9 327.32
Advanced sleep phase syndrome (ASPS), also known as the advanced sleep-phase type (ASPT
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Narcolepsy
Classification & external resources
ICD-10 G 47.4
ICD-9 347
OMIM 161400
DiseasesDB 8801
eMedicine neuro/522
MeSH D009290
Narcolepsy
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Classification & external resources
ICD-10 G 47.4
ICD-9 347
OMIM 161400
DiseasesDB 8801
eMedicine neuro/522
MeSH D009290
Narcolepsy
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Depression
Classification & external resources
ICD-10 F 32. , F 33.
ICD-9 296
OMIM 608516
DiseasesDB 3589
MedlinePlus 003213
eMedicine med/532
Clinical depression (also called major-depressive disorder, or
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Classification & external resources
ICD-10 F 32. , F 33.
ICD-9 296
OMIM 608516
DiseasesDB 3589
MedlinePlus 003213
eMedicine med/532
Clinical depression (also called major-depressive disorder, or
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Seasonal affective disorder, also known as winter depression, is an affective, or mood, disorder. Most SAD sufferers experience normal mental health throughout most of the year, but experience depressive symptoms in the winter or summer.
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The word sad refers to an emotional condition, the antonym of "happy". Sadness is often associated with depression, suffering or grief..
SAD is a three letter acronym.
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SAD is a three letter acronym.
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Infectious mononucleosis
Classification & external resources
Infectious Mononucleosis smear showing reactive (atypical) lymphocytes, in blue.
ICD-10 B 27.
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Classification & external resources
Infectious Mononucleosis smear showing reactive (atypical) lymphocytes, in blue.
ICD-10 B 27.
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Infectious mononucleosis
Classification & external resources
Infectious Mononucleosis smear showing reactive (atypical) lymphocytes, in blue.
ICD-10 B 27.
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Classification & external resources
Infectious Mononucleosis smear showing reactive (atypical) lymphocytes, in blue.
ICD-10 B 27.
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Intracranial pressure, (ICP), is the pressure exerted by the cranium on the brain tissue, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and the brain's circulating blood volume. ICP is a dynamic phenomenon constantly fluctuating in response to activities such as exercise, coughing, straining,
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Brain tumor
Classification & external resources
CT scan of brain showing brain cancer to left parietal lobe in the peri-ventricular area.
ICD-10 C71, D33.0-D33.2
ICD-9 191 , 225.
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Classification & external resources
CT scan of brain showing brain cancer to left parietal lobe in the peri-ventricular area.
ICD-10 C71, D33.0-D33.2
ICD-9 191 , 225.
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MeSH D001929 Cerebral edema (cerebral oedema in British English) is an excess accumulation of water in the intra- and/or extracellular spaces of the brain.
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Vasogenic cerebral edema
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Stroke
Classification & external resources
ICD-10 I 61. -I 64.
ICD-9 435 - 436
OMIM 601367
DiseasesDB 2247
MedlinePlus 000726pi
eMedicine neuro/9 emerg/558 emerg/557 pmr/187
MeSH D020521
Stroke (or
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Classification & external resources
ICD-10 I 61. -I 64.
ICD-9 435 - 436
OMIM 601367
DiseasesDB 2247
MedlinePlus 000726pi
eMedicine neuro/9 emerg/558 emerg/557 pmr/187
MeSH D020521
Stroke (or
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MeSH D001930
Traumatic brain injury (TBI), traumatic injuries to the brain, also called intracranial injury, or simply head injury, occurs when a sudden trauma causes brain damage.
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Traumatic brain injury (TBI), traumatic injuries to the brain, also called intracranial injury, or simply head injury, occurs when a sudden trauma causes brain damage.
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