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Information about Dimethylamine











Dimethylamine
General
IUPAC nameDimethylamine
Molecular formulaC2H7N
Molar mass45.08 g/mol
AppearanceColorless gas with pungent odor
CAS number124-40-3
SMILESCNC
Properties
Density1.883 kg/m3 (21 °C, 1 atm)
Melting point −92.2 °C
Boiling point 7 °C
Solubility in water354 g/100 ml
Dipole moment?
Thermochemistry
Std enthalpy of
formation ΔfHo298		? kJ/mol
Standard molar
entropy So298		? J/K/mol
Hazards
EU classificationHighly flammable (F+)
Harmful (Xn)
EU Index612-001-00-9
NFPA 704
4
3
0
 
R-phrasesR12, R20, R37/38, R41
S-phrasesS2, S16, S26, S39
Flash pointFlammable gas
Autoignition
temperature		400 °C
Explosive limits2.8–14.4%
RTECS numberIP8750000
Related Compounds
Related amineMethylamine
Trimethylamine
Diethylamine
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for
materials in their standard state
(at 25 C, 100 kPa)


Dimethylamine or N-methylmethanamine or DMA is an organic compound and an amine. It is a colorless, liquefied and flammable gas with an ammonia and fish-like odor. Dimethylamine is generally used as a solution in water at concentrations up to around 40%.

Chemistry

Dimethylamine is a secondary amine. The molecule consists of a nitrogen atom with two methyl substituents and one proton. Dimethylamine is a base and the pKa of the ammonium salt CH3-NH2+-CH3 is 10.73, a value intermediate between methylamine (10.64) and trimethylamine (9.79). Dimethylamine reacts with acids to form salts. Dimethylamine hydrochloride is an odorless white solid with a melting point of 171.5 °C. Dimethylamine is produced by catalytic reaction of methanol and ammonia at elevated temperatures and high pressure.[1]

Biochemistry

The German cockroach utilizes dimethylamine as a pheromone for communication.

DMA undergoes nitrosation under weak acid conditions to give dimethlynitrosamine. This animal carcinogen has been detected and quantified in human urine samples and it may also arise from nitrosation of DMA by nitrogen oxides present in acid rain in highly industrilized countries (Zhang et al. 1998).

Uses

Dimethylamine is used as dehairing agent in tanning, in dyes, in rubber accelerators, in soaps and cleaning compounds and as an agricultural fungicide. In industry dimethylamine is converted to dimethylformamide and the surfactant lauryl dimethylamine oxide. It is raw material in the production of many pharmaceuticals such as diphenhydramine and also that of the chemical weapon tabun.

External links

See also

References

1. ^ Corbin D.R.; Schwarz S.; Sonnichsen G.C. (1997). "Methylamines synthesis: A review". Catalysis Today 37 (2): 71-102. DOI:10.1016/S0920-5861(97)00003-5. 
Zhang AQ, Mithchell SC, Smith RL (1998) Dimethylamine formation in the rat from various related amine precursors. Food Chem Toxicol 36(11):923-7

External links

IUPAC nomenclature is a system of naming chemical compounds and of describing the science of chemistry in general. It is developed and kept up to date under the auspices of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC).
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A chemical formula is a concise way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound. A chemical formula is also a short way of showing how a chemical reaction occurs.
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Molar mass, symbol M,[1] is the mass of one mole of a substance (chemical element or chemical compound).[2] It is a physical property which is characteristic of each pure substance.
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CAS registry numbers are unique numerical identifiers for chemical compounds, polymers, biological sequences, mixtures and alloys. They are also referred to as CAS numbers, CAS RNs or CAS #s.
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smiles

File extension: .smi
Type of format: chemical file format

The simplified molecular input line entry specification or SMILES
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In physics, density is mass m per unit volume V—how heavy something is compared to its size. A small, heavy object, such as a rock or a lump of lead, is denser than a lighter object of the same size or a larger object of the same weight, such as pieces of
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The melting point of a crystalline solid is the temperature range at which it changes state from solid to liquid. Although the phrase would suggest a specific temperature and is commonly and incorrectly used as such in most textbooks and literature, most crystalline compounds
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boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid equals the environmental pressure surrounding the liquid.[1][2][3][4]
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Solubility is a physical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.[1] It is measured in terms of the maximum amount of solute dissolved in a solvent at equilibrium. The resulting solution is called a saturated solution.
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Water is a common chemical substance that is essential to all known forms of life.[1] In typical usage, water refers only to its liquid form or state, but the substance also has a solid state, ice, and a gaseous state, water vapor.
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The standard enthalpy of formation or "standard heat of formation" of a compound is the change of enthalpy that accompanies the formation of 1 mole of a substance in its standard state from its constituent elements in their standard states (the most stable form of the element at
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In chemistry, the standard molar entropy is the entropy content of one mole of substance, under conditions of standard temperature and pressure (STP).

The standard molar entropy is usually given the symbol So, and the units J mol−1 K
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Council Directive 67/548/EEC of 27 June 1967 on the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances (as amended) is the main European Union law concerning chemical safety.
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NFPA 704 is a standard maintained by the U.S. National Fire Protection Association. It defines the colloquial "fire diamond" used by emergency personnel to quickly and easily identify the risks posed by nearby hazardous materials.
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R-phrases (short for Risk Phrases) are defined in Annex III of European Union Directive 67/548/EEC: Nature of special risks attributed to dangerous substances and preparations.
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S-phrases are defined in Annex IV of European Union Directive 67/548/EEC: Safety advice concerning dangerous substances and preparations. The list was consolidated and republished in Directive 2001/59/EC , where translations into other EU languages may be found.
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The flash point of a flammable liquid is the lowest temperature at which it can form an ignitable mixture in air. At this temperature the vapor may cease to burn when the source of ignition is removed.
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The autoignition temperature or kindling point of a substance is the lowest temperature at which it will spontaneously ignite in a normal atmosphere without an external source of ignition, such as a flame or spark.
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The explosive limit of a gas or a vapour, is the limiting concentration (in air) that is needed for the gas to ignite and explode. There are two explosive limits for any gas or vapor, the lower explosive limit (LEL) and the upper explosive limit (UEL).
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Methylamine is the chemical compound with a formula of CH3NH2. It is a derivative of ammonia, wherein one H atom is replaced by a methyl group. It is the simplest primary amine.
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Trimethylamine, also known as NMe3, N(CH3)3, and TMA, is a colorless, hygroscopic, and flammable simple amine with a typical fishy odor in low concentrations and an ammonia-like odor in higher concentrations.
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Diethylamine is a secondary amine with the molecular structure CH3CH2NHCH2CH3. It is a flammable, strongly alkaline liquid. It is miscible with water and ethanol.
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standard state of a material is its state at 1 bar (100 kilopascals exactly). This pressure was changed from 1 atm (101.325 kilopascals) by IUPAC in 1990.[1] The standard state of a material can be defined at any given temperature, most commonly 25 degrees Celsius,
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organic compounds]] An organic compound is any member of a large class of chemical compounds whose molecules contain carbon; for historical reasons discussed below, a few types of compounds such as carbonates, carbon oxides and cyanides, as well as elemental carbon are
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Amines are organic compounds and a type of functional group that contain nitrogen as the key atom. Structurally amines resemble ammonia, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by organic substituents such as alkyl and aryl groups.
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In physics, to liquefy or liquify means to turn something into the liquid state.

Liquification can be a change from a gas to a liquid through condensation, usually by cooling, or a change from a solid to a liquid through melting, usually by heating or by
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Ammonia is a compound with the formula NH3. It is normally encountered as a gas with a characteristic pungent odor. Ammonia contributes significantly to the nutritional needs of the planet as a precursor to foodstuffs and fertilizers.
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Amines are organic compounds and a type of functional group that contain nitrogen as the key atom. Structurally amines resemble ammonia, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by organic substituents such as alkyl and aryl groups.
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molecule is defined as a sufficiently stable electrically neutral group of at least two atoms in a definite arrangement held together by strong chemical bonds.[1][2] In organic chemistry and biochemistry, the term molecule
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3, 5, 4, 2
(strongly acidic oxide)
Electronegativity 3.04 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies
(more) 1st: 1402.3 kJmol−1
2nd: 2856 kJmol−1
3rd: 4578.1 kJmol−1

Atomic radius 65 pm
Atomic radius (calc.
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