Information about Cytolysis
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blood cells under different solutions
Cytolysis does not occur in plant cells because plant cells have a strong cell wall that contains the osmotic pressure, or turgor pressure, which would otherwise cause cytolysis to occur. Contrary to organisms without a cell wall, plant cells must be in a hypotonic environment in order to have this turgor pressure, which provides the cells more structural support, preventing the plant from wilting. In a hypertonic environment, plasmolysis occurs, which is nearly the complete opposite of cytolysis: Instead of expanding, the cytoplasm of the plant cell retracts from the cell wall, causing the plant to wilt.
Osmotic lysis is often the result of a stroke, as a stroke leads to a malfunctioning of the cell's metabolism and results in an inflow of extracellular fluid into the cell.
Prevention
Different cells and organisms have adapted different ways of preventing cytolysis from occurring. For example, the paramecium uses a contractile vacuole, which rapidly pumps out excessive water to prevent the build-up of water and the otherwise subsequent lysis.Other organisms pump solutes out of their cytosol, which brings the solute concentration closer to that of their environment and slows down the process of water's diffusion into the cell, preventing cytolysis. If the cell can pump out enough solutes so that an isotonic environment can be achieved, there will be no net movement of water.
See also
External links
Osmosis is the net movement of water across a partially permeable membrane from a region of high solvent potential to an area of low solvent potential, up a solute concentration gradient.
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hypotonic solution has the lower osmotic pressure of two fluids and also describes a cell environment with a lower concentration of solutes than the cytoplasm of the cell. Given a cell placed in a hypotonic environment, osmosis causes a net flow of water into the cell, causing
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- This article is about the physical mechanism of diffusion. For alternative meanings, see diffusion (disambiguation).
Diffusion is the net movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
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Plant cells are quite different from the cells of the other eukaryotic kingdoms' organisms. Their distinctive features include:
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- A large central vacuole (enclosed by a membrane, the tonoplast
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cell wall is a fairly rigid layer surrounding a cell, located external to the cell membrane, which provides the cell with structural support, protection, and acts as a filtering mechanism. The cell wall also prevents over-expansion when water enters the cell.
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In biology, turgor pressure or turgidity is the pressure of the cell contents against the cell wall, in plant cells, determined by the water content of the vacuole, resulting from osmotic pressure. i.e.
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hypertonic cell environment has a higher concentration of solutes than inside the animal body or plant cell. The ability of a solution to change the shape or tone of cells by altering their internal water volume is called tonicity (tono = tension).
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Plasmolysis is an effect of osmosis in plants. Osmosis is the net diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane, such as a cell membrane, from an area of higher water concentration to an area of lower water concentration.
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Stroke
Classification & external resources
ICD-10 I 61. -I 64.
ICD-9 435 - 436
OMIM 601367
DiseasesDB 2247
MedlinePlus 000726pi
eMedicine neuro/9 emerg/558 emerg/557 pmr/187
MeSH D020521
Stroke (or
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Classification & external resources
ICD-10 I 61. -I 64.
ICD-9 435 - 436
OMIM 601367
DiseasesDB 2247
MedlinePlus 000726pi
eMedicine neuro/9 emerg/558 emerg/557 pmr/187
MeSH D020521
Stroke (or
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Metabolism is the complete set of chemical reactions that occur in living cells. These processes are the basis of life, allowing cells to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. Metabolism is usually divided into two categories.
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Extracellular fluid (ECF) usually denotes all body fluid outside of cells. The remainder is called intracellular fluid.
In some animals, including mammals, the extracellular fluid can be divided into two major subcompartments, interstitial fluid and blood plasma.
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In some animals, including mammals, the extracellular fluid can be divided into two major subcompartments, interstitial fluid and blood plasma.
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Paramecium
Müller, 1773
Species
Paramecium tetraurelia
Paramecium aurelia
Paramecium caudatum
Paramecium is a group of unicellular ciliate protozoa formerly known as slipper animalcules from their slipper shape.
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Müller, 1773
Species
Paramecium tetraurelia
Paramecium aurelia
Paramecium caudatum
Paramecium is a group of unicellular ciliate protozoa formerly known as slipper animalcules from their slipper shape.
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A contractile vacuole is a type of vacuole involved in osmoregulation. It pumps excess water out of a cell and is found prominently in freshwater protists.
In a Paramecium, a common freshwater protist, the vacuole is surrounded by several canals, which absorb water
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In a Paramecium, a common freshwater protist, the vacuole is surrounded by several canals, which absorb water
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The cytosol (cf. cytoplasm, which also includes the organelles) is the internal fluid of the cell, and a portion of cell metabolism occurs here. Proteins within the cytosol play an important role in signal transduction pathways and glycolysis.
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In chemistry, concentration is the measure of how much of a given substance there is mixed with another substance. This can apply to any sort of chemical mixture, but most frequently the concept is limited to homogeneous solutions, where it refers to the amount of
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Cell disruption is a method or process for releasing biological molecules from inside a cell.
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Choice of disruption method
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- For other meanings, see Lysis (disambiguation).
Lysis (Greek λύσις, lusis from luein
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Osmotic pressure is the hydrostatic pressure produced by a solution in a space divided by a semipermeable membrane due to a differential in the concentrations of solute.
Osmotic potential
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Osmotic potential
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Plasmolysis is an effect of osmosis in plants. Osmosis is the net diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane, such as a cell membrane, from an area of higher water concentration to an area of lower water concentration.
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Crenation is the contraction or formation of abnormal notchings around the edges of a cell after exposure to a hypertonic solution, due to the loss of water through osmosis.
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Water intoxication (also known as hyperhydration or water poisoning) is a potentially fatal disturbance in brain function that results when the normal balance of electrolytes in the body is pushed outside of safe limits, ironically by that which makes up the
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