Information about County Council
A County council is the elected administrative body governing an area known as a county. This term has slightly different meanings in different countries.
County Councils were introduced in 1889 on the 22nd of September in England and Wales by the Local Government Act 1888, largely taking over the administrative functions of the unelected Quarter Sessions.[1] The system was soon extended to Scotland, by the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1889, and the island of Ireland by the Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898. Except in Scotland, the areas they covered were termed administrative counties and did not necessarily align with the traditional shire counties. The new system was a major modernisation, which reflected the increasing range of functions carried out by local government in late Victorian Britain. A major accretion of powers took place when education was added to County Council responsibilities after 1902.
County councils were responsible for more strategic services in a region, with smaller urban district councils and rural district councils responsible for other activities.
The writ of the county councils did not extend everywhere: county boroughs were independent of the council for the county in which they were geographically situated, and county borough councils exercised the functions of both county councils and district councils.[2]
In England and Wales, local government was reformed in 1974. County boroughs were abolished and all of the country (apart from Greater London) was placed in a two-tier arrangement with county councils and district councils.
Another reform in 1986 abolished the Greater London Council (which was similar but not identical to a county council) and the councils of the six metropolitan counties abolished. Their functions were transferred to the metropolitan boroughs.
In 1996 in Wales another local government reform replaced the two-tier system with an arrangement of unitary authorities, known as the principal areas of Wales. Some of these have the styling of "county council" and some have the styling "county borough council".
The 1990s in England saw the reestablishment of county boroughs in all but name, as unitary authorities. As a result of this, a further county council, that of Berkshire, was abolished, whilst others saw their territory decrease. Most of these unitary authorities were boroughs or districts, but two, Rutland and Herefordshire, correspond to traditional counties, and so their councils are known as county councils.
County Councils are very large employers with a great variety of functions including education (schools and youth services), social services, highways, fire and rescue services, libraries, waste disposal, consumer services and town and country planning. Until the 1990s they also ran Colleges of Further Education and the Careers Services. That decade also saw the privatisation of some traditional services, such as highways maintenance, cleaning and school meals.
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In the British Isles an urban district was a type of local government district which covered an urbanised area.
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Britain and Ireland
England and Wales
In England and Wales, a county council is a council that governs a county.County Councils were introduced in 1889 on the 22nd of September in England and Wales by the Local Government Act 1888, largely taking over the administrative functions of the unelected Quarter Sessions.[1] The system was soon extended to Scotland, by the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1889, and the island of Ireland by the Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898. Except in Scotland, the areas they covered were termed administrative counties and did not necessarily align with the traditional shire counties. The new system was a major modernisation, which reflected the increasing range of functions carried out by local government in late Victorian Britain. A major accretion of powers took place when education was added to County Council responsibilities after 1902.
County councils were responsible for more strategic services in a region, with smaller urban district councils and rural district councils responsible for other activities.
The writ of the county councils did not extend everywhere: county boroughs were independent of the council for the county in which they were geographically situated, and county borough councils exercised the functions of both county councils and district councils.[2]
In England and Wales, local government was reformed in 1974. County boroughs were abolished and all of the country (apart from Greater London) was placed in a two-tier arrangement with county councils and district councils.
Another reform in 1986 abolished the Greater London Council (which was similar but not identical to a county council) and the councils of the six metropolitan counties abolished. Their functions were transferred to the metropolitan boroughs.
In 1996 in Wales another local government reform replaced the two-tier system with an arrangement of unitary authorities, known as the principal areas of Wales. Some of these have the styling of "county council" and some have the styling "county borough council".
The 1990s in England saw the reestablishment of county boroughs in all but name, as unitary authorities. As a result of this, a further county council, that of Berkshire, was abolished, whilst others saw their territory decrease. Most of these unitary authorities were boroughs or districts, but two, Rutland and Herefordshire, correspond to traditional counties, and so their councils are known as county councils.
County Councils are very large employers with a great variety of functions including education (schools and youth services), social services, highways, fire and rescue services, libraries, waste disposal, consumer services and town and country planning. Until the 1990s they also ran Colleges of Further Education and the Careers Services. That decade also saw the privatisation of some traditional services, such as highways maintenance, cleaning and school meals.
Scotland
In Scotland a major reform took place in 1975. This resulted in bodies identical in function and structure to the England and Welsh county councils; but called 'regional councils', because they covered regions instead of counties. In 1996 a further reorganisation saw the regions and districts replaced by 32 unitary council areas each with an average of just over 980 sq miles.Republic of Ireland
In the Republic of Ireland, the county councils are still around in their original form, though they have taken on the powers of rural districts after they were abolished. See Local government in the Republic of Ireland.United States
In the United States, most of the individual states have counties as a form of local government; in nine states, they are headed by a county council. In other states, each county is headed by a county commission or a county board of supervisors.References
1. ^ Edwards, John (1955). 'County' in Chambers's Encyclopedia. LONDON: George Newnes, pp189-191.
2. ^ Edwards, op cit
2. ^ Edwards, op cit
Not to be confused with a country.
A county is generally a sub-unit of regional self-government within a sovereign jurisdiction. Originally, in continental Europe, a county was the land under the jurisdiction of a count...... Click the link for more information.
Motto
Dieu et mon droit (French)
"God and my right"
Anthem
No official anthem specific to England — the anthem of the United Kingdom is "God Save the Queen".
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Dieu et mon droit (French)
"God and my right"
Anthem
No official anthem specific to England — the anthem of the United Kingdom is "God Save the Queen".
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Motto
Cymru am byth (Welsh)
"Wales forever"
Anthem
"Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau"
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Cymru am byth (Welsh)
"Wales forever"
Anthem
"Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau"
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Local governments are administrative offices that are smaller than a state or province. The term is used to contrast with offices that stand naked nation-state level, which are referred to as the central government, national government, or (where appropriate) federal government.
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Not to be confused with a country.
A county is generally a sub-unit of regional self-government within a sovereign jurisdiction. Originally, in continental Europe, a county was the land under the jurisdiction of a count...... Click the link for more information.
19th century - 20th century
1850s 1860s 1870s - 1880s - 1890s 1900s 1910s
1886 1887 1888 - 1889 - 1890 1891 1892
:
Subjects: Archaeology - Architecture -
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1850s 1860s 1870s - 1880s - 1890s 1900s 1910s
1886 1887 1888 - 1889 - 1890 1891 1892
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Subjects: Archaeology - Architecture -
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England and Wales are both constituent countries of the United Kingdom, that together share a single legal system: English law. Legislatively, England and Wales are treated as a single unit (see State (law)) for the conflict of laws.
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Acts of Parliament of predecessor
states to the United Kingdom
Acts of English Parliament to 1601
Acts of English Parliament to 1641
Acts and Ordinances (Interregnum) to 1660
Acts of English Parliament to 1699
Acts of English Parliament to 1706
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states to the United Kingdom
Acts of English Parliament to 1601
Acts of English Parliament to 1641
Acts and Ordinances (Interregnum) to 1660
Acts of English Parliament to 1699
Acts of English Parliament to 1706
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The Courts of Quarter Sessions or Quarter Sessions were periodic courts held in each county and county borough in England and Wales until 1972, when together with the Assize courts they were abolished by the Courts Act 1971 and replaced by a single permanent Crown Court of
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Motto
Nemo me impune lacessit (Latin)
"No one provokes me with impunity"
"Cha togar m'fhearg gun dioladh"
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Nemo me impune lacessit (Latin)
"No one provokes me with impunity"
"Cha togar m'fhearg gun dioladh"
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The Local Government (Scotland) Act 1889 (52 & 53 Vict. c. 50) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which was passed on 26 August 1889. The main effect of the act was to establish elected county councils in Scotland.
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Ireland
Éire
Airlann <nowiki />
Northwest of continental Europe with Great Britain to the east.
Geography <nowiki/>
Location Western Europe <nowiki />
Archipelago
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Éire
Airlann <nowiki />
Northwest of continental Europe with Great Britain to the east.
Geography <nowiki/>
Location Western Europe <nowiki />
Archipelago
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Acts of Parliament of predecessor
states to the United Kingdom
Acts of English Parliament to 1601
Acts of English Parliament to 1641
Acts and Ordinances (Interregnum) to 1660
Acts of English Parliament to 1699
Acts of English Parliament to 1706
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states to the United Kingdom
Acts of English Parliament to 1601
Acts of English Parliament to 1641
Acts and Ordinances (Interregnum) to 1660
Acts of English Parliament to 1699
Acts of English Parliament to 1706
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Motto
Nemo me impune lacessit (Latin)
"No one provokes me with impunity"
"Cha togar m'fhearg gun dioladh"
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Nemo me impune lacessit (Latin)
"No one provokes me with impunity"
"Cha togar m'fhearg gun dioladh"
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An administrative county was an administrative area in the United Kingdom and Ireland used for the purposes of local government.
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History
England and Wales
- Further information: Administrative counties of England
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The counties of the United Kingdom are a type of subnational division of historical origin; by the Middle Ages they had become established as a unit of local government.[1]
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worldwide view of the subject.
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In the British Isles an urban district was a type of local government district which covered an urbanised area.
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Rural districts were a type of local government area – now superseded – established at the end of the 19th century in England, Wales, and Ireland for the administration of predominantly rural areas at a level lower than that of the administrative counties.
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County borough is a term introduced in 1889 in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (excluding Scotland), to refer to a borough or a city independent of county council control.
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19th century - 20th century - 21st century
1940s 1950s 1960s - 1970s - 1980s 1990s 2000s
1971 1972 1973 - 1974 - 1975 1976 1977
Year 1974 (MCMLXXIV
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1940s 1950s 1960s - 1970s - 1980s 1990s 2000s
1971 1972 1973 - 1974 - 1975 1976 1977
Year 1974 (MCMLXXIV
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Greater London is the top-level administrative subdivision covering London, England. The administrative area was created in 1965 and covers the City of London and 32 London boroughs. Its area also forms the London region of England and the London European Parliament constituency.
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The districts of England are a level of subnational division of England used for the purposes of local government. As the structure of local government in England is not uniform, there are currently four types of district level subdivision.
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19th century - 20th century - 21st century
1950s 1960s 1970s - 1980s - 1990s 2000s 2010s
1983 1984 1985 - 1986 - 1987 1988 1989
Year 1986 (MCMLXXXVI
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1950s 1960s 1970s - 1980s - 1990s 2000s 2010s
1983 1984 1985 - 1986 - 1987 1988 1989
Year 1986 (MCMLXXXVI
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The Greater London Council (GLC) was the top-tier local government administrative body for Greater London from 1965 to 1986. It replaced the earlier London County Council (LCC) which had covered a much smaller area.
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The metropolitan counties are a type of county-level country subdivision in current use in England. There are six metropolitan counties, which each cover large urban areas, typically with populations of 1.2 to 2.8 million.
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A metropolitan borough (or metropolitan district) is a type of local government district in England, covering urban areas within metropolitan counties.
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Metropolitan boroughs of London (1900-1965)
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19th century - 20th century - 21st century
1960s 1970s 1980s - 1990s - 2000s 2010s 2020s
1993 1994 1995 - 1996 - 1997 1998 1999
Year 1996 (MCMXCVI
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1960s 1970s 1980s - 1990s - 2000s 2010s 2020s
1993 1994 1995 - 1996 - 1997 1998 1999
Year 1996 (MCMXCVI
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Motto
Cymru am byth (Welsh)
"Wales forever"
Anthem
"Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau"
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Cymru am byth (Welsh)
"Wales forever"
Anthem
"Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau"
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A unitary authority is a type of local authority that has a single tier and is responsible for all local government functions within its area or performs additional functions which elsewhere in the relevant country are usually performed by national government or a higher level of
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principal areas of Wales. They came into being on April 1, 1996 by virtue of the Local Government (Wales) Act 1994 (1994 c. 19).
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1
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