Information about Collarbone
| Bone: Clavicle | ||
|---|---|---|
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| subject #49 200 | ||
| MeSH | Clavicle | |
- Collarbone and collar bone redirect here. The eye abnormality is correctly spelled coloboma.
- This article uses some professional terms to describe relative positions and directions. See Anatomical terms of location for more detailed information.
In human anatomy, the clavicle or collar bone is classified as a long bone that makes up part of the shoulder girdle (pectoral girdle). It receives its name from the Latin clavicula ("little key") because the bone rotates along its axis like a key when the shoulder is abducted. (This movement is palpable with the opposite hand). In some people, particularly females who may have less fat in this region, the location of the bone is clearly visible as it creates a bulge in the skin.
Overview
) ) |
| Right clavicle - from below, and from above. |
) ) |
| Left clavicle - from above, and from below. |
From the roughly pyramidal sternal end, each clavicle curves laterally and posteriorly for roughly half its length. It then forms a smooth posterior curve to articulate with a process of the scapula (acromion). The flat, acromial end of the clavicle is broader than the sternal end. The acromial end has a rough inferior surface that bears prominent lines and tubercles. These surface features are attachment sites for muscles and ligaments of the shoulder.
Functions
The clavicle serves several functions:- It serves as a rigid support from which the scapula and free limb are suspended. This arrangement keeps the upper limb (arm) away from the thorax so that the arm has maximum range of movement.
- Covers the cervicoaxillary canal (passageway between the neck and arm), through which several important structures pass.
- Transmits physical impacts from the upper limb to the axial skeleton.
Attachments
Muscles and ligaments that attach to the clavicle include:| Attachment on clavicle | Muscle/Ligament | Other attachment |
| Superior surface and anterior border | Deltoid muscle | deltoid tubercle, anteriorly on the lateral third |
| Superior surface | Trapezius muscle | posteriorly on the lateral third |
| Inferior surface | Subclavius muscle | subclavian groove |
| Inferior surface | Conoid ligament (the medial part of the coracoclavicular ligament) | conoid tubercle |
| Inferior surface | Trapezoid ligament (the lateral part of the coracoclavicular ligament) | trapezoid line |
| Anterior border | Pectoralis major muscle | medial third (rounded border) |
| Posterior border | Sternocleidomastoid muscle (clavicular head) | superiorly, on the medial third |
| Posterior border | Sternohyoid muscle | inferiorly, on the medial third |
| Posterior border | Trapezius muscle | lateral third |
Development
The clavicle is the first bone to begin the process of hardening (ossification) during development of the embryo, during the 5th and 6th weeks of gestation. However, it is the last of the long bones to finish ossification, at about 21 years of age. It forms by intramembranous ossification.Common clavicle injuries
- acromioclavicular dislocation
- sternoclavicular dislocations
- clavicle fractures
- osteolysis
- degeneration of the clavicle
Additional images
) Pectoral girdle - front | ) Diagram of the human shoulder joint | Sternoclavicular articulation. Anterior view. | The left shoulder and acromioclavicular joints, and the proper ligaments of the scapula. |
Muscles of the neck. Lateral view. | Muscles of the neck. Anterior view. | Anterolateral view of head and neck. | Front view of neck. |
See also
- Bone terminology
- Terms for anatomical location
- The collarbones are sometimes partly or completely absent in cleidocranial dysostosis
- Wishbone or furcula - the fused clavicles of most birds
References
- Chung, Kyung. Board Review Series: Gross Anatomy, 4th edition.
- Moore, Keith L. and Arthur F. Dalley. Clinically Oriented Anatomy, 4th edition.
- Stedman's Medical Dictionary, 27th edition.
- Mosby's Medical, Nursing, and Allied Health Dictionary, 5th ed.
- Postal 2, Postal Dude
External links
Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) is a huge controlled vocabulary (or metadata system) for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books in the life sciences. Created and updated by the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), it is used by the MEDLINE/PubMed
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Coloboma
Classification & external resources
ICD-10 Q10.3, Q12.2, Q13.0, Q14.2, Q14.8
ICD-9 377.23 , 743.4 , 743.46 , 743.52 , 743.57
DiseasesDB 29894
A coloboma (also part of the rare Cat Eye syndrome
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Classification & external resources
ICD-10 Q10.3, Q12.2, Q13.0, Q14.2, Q14.8
ICD-9 377.23 , 743.4 , 743.46 , 743.52 , 743.57
DiseasesDB 29894
A coloboma (also part of the rare Cat Eye syndrome
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In sciences dealing with the anatomy of animals, precise anatomical terms of location are necessary for a variety of reasons. Non-scientists often wonder why zoological and human anatomists use complex terminology to describe locations on a body, when common terms like "up",
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Anatomy (from the Greek ἀνατομία anatomia, from ἀνατέμνειν
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Bones are rigid organs that form part of the endoskeleton of vertebrates. They function to move, support, and protect the various organs of the body, produce red and white blood cells and store minerals.
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In human anatomy, the shoulder comprises the part of the body where the arm attaches to the torso. It is made up of three bones: the clavicle (collarbone), the scapula (shoulder blade), and the humerus (upper arm bone) as well as associated muscles, ligaments and tendons.
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girdle originally meant a belt (or metaphorically speaking, something which confines or encloses, as in Tolkien's Girdle of Melian). In modern English the term "girdle" is most commonly used for a form of women's foundation wear that replaced the corset in popularity.
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The pectoral girdle is the set of bones which connect the upper limb to the axial skeleton on each side. It consists of the clavicle and scapula in humans and, in those species with three bones in the pectoral girdle, the coracoid. Some mammalian species (e.g.
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Abduction, in functional anatomy, is a movement which draws a limb away from the median (Sagittal) plane of the body. It is thus opposed to adduction.
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Muscles of abduction
Upper limb
the coming together of two bones attached by a joint laterally..... Click the link for more information.
The long bones are those that are longer than they are wide, and grow primarily by elongation of the diaphysis, with an epiphysis at the ends of the growing bone. The ends of epiphyses are covered with a hyaline cartilage ("articular cartilage").
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In human anatomy, the upper limb (also upper extremity) refers to what in common English is known as the arm, that is, the region of the shoulder to the fingertips. It includes the entire limb, and thus, is not synonymous with the term upper arm.
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Trunk may be:
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- Trunk (botany), the main structural member of a tree.
- Trunk (structural), a chute or conduit, or a watertight shaft connecting two or more decks.
- Trunk (luggage), a large case.
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sternum (from Greek στέρνον, sternon, "chest" and hebrew pronounced "Shamokin" also meaning chest) or breastbone is a long, flat bone located in the center of the thorax (chest).
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The sternoclavicular articulation is a double arthrodial joint. The parts entering into its formation are the sternal end of the clavicle, the upper and lateral part of the manubrium sterni, and the cartilage of the first rib, visible from the outside as the suprasternal notch.
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The acromion process, or simply the acromion, is an anatomical feature on the scapula.
The acromion articulates with the clavicle to form the acromioclavicular joint.
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In humans
It is a continuation of the scapular spine, and hooks over anteriorly.The acromion articulates with the clavicle to form the acromioclavicular joint.
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scapula, or shoulder blade, is the bone that connects the humerus (arm bone) with the clavicle (collar bone).
The scapula forms the posterior part of the shoulder girdle. In humans, it is a flat bone, roughly triangular in shape.
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The scapula forms the posterior part of the shoulder girdle. In humans, it is a flat bone, roughly triangular in shape.
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The acromioclavicular joint, or AC joint, is a joint at the top of the shoulder. It is the junction between the acromion (part of the scapula that forms the highest point of the shoulder) and the clavicle.
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The acromion process, or simply the acromion, is an anatomical feature on the scapula.
The acromion articulates with the clavicle to form the acromioclavicular joint.
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In humans
It is a continuation of the scapular spine, and hooks over anteriorly.The acromion articulates with the clavicle to form the acromioclavicular joint.
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The axial skeleton consists of the 80 bones in the head and trunk of the human body. It is composed of five parts; the human skull, the ossicles of the inner ear, the hyoid bone of the throat, the chest, and the vertebral column.
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The long bones are those that are longer than they are wide, and grow primarily by elongation of the diaphysis, with an epiphysis at the ends of the growing bone. The ends of epiphyses are covered with a hyaline cartilage ("articular cartilage").
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Cortical bone, also known as compact bone is one of two main types of osseous tissues. Cortical bone is dense and forms the surface of bones, contributing 80% of the weight of a human skeleton. It is extremely hard, formed of multiple stacked layers with few gaps.
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The dermal bone, the pattern and form of bones derived from intramembranous ossification, define essential components of the vertebrate skeleton including the skull, jaws, gills, fins and exoskeleton.
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In human anatomy, the deltoid muscle is the muscle forming the rounded contour of the shoulder.
It was previously called the Deltoideus and the name is still used by some anatomists. It is called so because it is in the shape of the Greek letter Delta (triangle).
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It was previously called the Deltoideus and the name is still used by some anatomists. It is called so because it is in the shape of the Greek letter Delta (triangle).
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Please [improve the article] or discuss this issue on the talk page. This article has been tagged since December 2006.
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The Subclavius is a small triangular muscle, placed between the clavicle and the first rib. Along with the pectoralis major and pectoralis minor muscles, the subclavius muscle makes up the anterior wall of the axilla.
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groove, which gives attachment to the Subclavius; the coracoclavicular fascia, which splits to enclose the muscle, is attached to the margins of the groove. Not infrequently this groove is subdivided longitudinally by a line which gives attachment to the intermuscular septum of the
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The Conoid Ligament, the posterior and medial fasciculus, is a dense band of fibers, conical in form, with its base directed upward.
It is attached by its apex to a rough impression at the base of the coracoid process, medial to the trapezoid ligament; above, by its
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It is attached by its apex to a rough impression at the base of the coracoid process, medial to the trapezoid ligament; above, by its
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The Coracoclavicular Ligament serves to connect the clavicle with the coracoid process of the scapula.
It does not properly belong the acromioclavicular joint articulation, but is usually described with it, since it forms a most efficient means of retaining the clavicle in
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It does not properly belong the acromioclavicular joint articulation, but is usually described with it, since it forms a most efficient means of retaining the clavicle in
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conoid tubercle (or coracoid tuberosity); this, in the natural position of the bone, surmounts the coracoid process of the scapula, and gives attachment to the conoid ligament.
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