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Information about Chitinase

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Chitinase from barley seeds
chitinase, acidic
Identifiers
SymbolCHIA
Entrez27159
HUGO17432
OMIM606080
RefSeqNM_001040623
UniProtQ9BZP6
Other data
LocusChr. 1 p13.1-21.3
chitinase 1 (chitotriosidase)
Identifiers
SymbolCHIT1
Entrez1118
HUGO1936
OMIM600031
RefSeqNM_003465
UniProtQ13231
Other data
LocusChr. 1 q31-q32
Chitinase (barley seed chitinase: PDB 1CNS, EC 3.2.1.14) is a digestive enzyme that breaks down glycosidic bonds in chitin. It is found in chitinivorous bacteria (bacteria that are able to digest chitin), a few kinds of fungi, such as Coccidioides immitis, and, according to the Protein Data Bank, in quite a few plants as well. Some plant chitinases are members of the pathogenesis related (PR) proteins which are induced after systemic acquired resistance induction (biotic and abiotic). Expression is mediated by the NPR1 gene and the salicylic acid pathway

See also

Chitin

External links

 •  • [ e]
Hydrolase: sugar hydrolases (EC 3.2)
3.2.1: Glycoside hydrolasesAmylase (Alpha-Amylase) - Chitinase - Lysozyme - Neuraminidase - Galactosidases (Alpha, Beta) - alpha-Mannosidase - Glucuronidase - Hyaluronidase - Pullulanase - Glucocerebrosidase - Galactosylceramidase - Alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase - Fucosidase - Hexosaminidase - Iduronidase - Disaccharidase (Sucrase/Sucrase-isomaltase/Invertase, Maltase, Trehalase, Lactase) - Glucosidases (Cellulase, Alpha-glucosidase, Beta-glucosidase, Debranching enzyme)
3.2.2: Hydrolysing N-Glycosyl compoundsDNA glycosylases: Oxoguanine glycosylase
The Entrez Global Query Cross-Database Search System is a powerful federated search engine, or web portal that allows users to search many discrete health sciences databases at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) website.
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Hugo is a male given name, a latinized form of the name Hugh, a German/Teutonic name meaning "Bright in Mind and Spirit".

Hugo is one of the most popular names in Europe ranking as high as #2 in France, #6 in Spain, and #7 in Belgium in 2006.
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The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) is part of the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), a branch of the National Institutes of Health. The NCBI is located in Bethesda, Maryland and was founded in 1988.
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Swiss-Prot is a manually curated biological database of protein sequences. Swiss-Prot was created in 1986 by Amos Bairoch during his PhD and developed by the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics and the European Bioinformatics Institute.
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locus (plural loci) is a fixed position on a chromosome, such as the position of a gene or a biomarker (genetic marker). A variant of the DNA sequence at a given locus is called an allele. The ordered list of loci known for a particular genome is called a genetic map.
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The Entrez Global Query Cross-Database Search System is a powerful federated search engine, or web portal that allows users to search many discrete health sciences databases at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) website.
..... Click the link for more information.
Hugo is a male given name, a latinized form of the name Hugh, a German/Teutonic name meaning "Bright in Mind and Spirit".

Hugo is one of the most popular names in Europe ranking as high as #2 in France, #6 in Spain, and #7 in Belgium in 2006.
..... Click the link for more information.
The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) is part of the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), a branch of the National Institutes of Health. The NCBI is located in Bethesda, Maryland and was founded in 1988.
..... Click the link for more information.
Swiss-Prot is a manually curated biological database of protein sequences. Swiss-Prot was created in 1986 by Amos Bairoch during his PhD and developed by the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics and the European Bioinformatics Institute.
..... Click the link for more information.
locus (plural loci) is a fixed position on a chromosome, such as the position of a gene or a biomarker (genetic marker). A variant of the DNA sequence at a given locus is called an allele. The ordered list of loci known for a particular genome is called a genetic map.
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Protein Data Bank (PDB) is a repository for 3-D structural data of proteins and nucleic acids. This data, typically obtained by X-ray crystallography or NMR spectroscopy, is submitted by biologists and biochemists from around the world, is released into the public domain,
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Enzyme Commission number (EC number) is a numerical classification scheme for enzymes, based on the chemical reactions they catalyze. As a system of enzyme nomenclature, every EC number is associated with a recommended name for the respective enzyme.
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Enzymes are proteins that catalyze (i.e. accelerate) chemical reactions.[1] In enzymatic reactions, the molecules at the beginning of the process are called substrates, and the enzyme converts them into different molecules, the products.
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In chemistry, a glycosidic bond is a certain type of functional group that joins a carbohydrate (sugar) molecule to an alcohol, which may be another carbohydrate. Specifically, a glycosidic bond is formed between the hemiacetal group of a saccharide (or a molecule derived from a
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Chitin (C8H13O5N)n (IPA: [ˈkaɪtn̩]) is a long-chain polymer of beta-glucose that forms a hard, semitransparent material found throughout the natural world.
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Bacteria

Phyla

Actinobacteria
Aquificae
Chlamydiae
Bacteroidetes/Chlorobi
Chloroflexi
Chrysiogenetes
Cyanobacteria
Deferribacteres
Deinococcus-Thermus
Dictyoglomi
Fibrobacteres/Acidobacteria
Firmicutes
Fusobacteria
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Eukarya
Whittaker & Margulis, 1978
(unranked) Opisthokonta

Kingdom: Fungi
(L., 1753) R.T. Moore, 1980[1]

Subkingdom/Phyla

Chytridiomycota
Blastocladiomycota

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Coccidioides immitis
G.W. Stiles

Coccidioides immitis is a pathogenic fungus that resides in the soil in certain parts of the southwestern United States, northern Mexico, and a few other areas in the Western Hemisphere.
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Protein Data Bank (PDB) is a repository for 3-D structural data of proteins and nucleic acids. This data, typically obtained by X-ray crystallography or NMR spectroscopy, is submitted by biologists and biochemists from around the world, is released into the public domain,
..... Click the link for more information.
Enzyme induction is a process in which a molecule (e.g. a drug) induces (i.e. initiates or enhances) the expression of an enzyme.

Enzyme inhibition can refer to
  • the inhibition of the expression of the enzyme by another molecule

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Chitin (C8H13O5N)n (IPA: [ˈkaɪtn̩]) is a long-chain polymer of beta-glucose that forms a hard, semitransparent material found throughout the natural world.
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Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) is a huge controlled vocabulary (or metadata system) for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books in the life sciences. Created and updated by the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), it is used by the MEDLINE/PubMed
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In biochemistry, a hydrolase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of a chemical bond. For example, an enzyme that catalyzed the following reaction is a hydrolase:

A–B + H2O → A–OH + B–H

Nomenclature


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Enzyme Commission number (EC number) is a numerical classification scheme for enzymes, based on the chemical reactions they catalyze. As a system of enzyme nomenclature, every EC number is associated with a recommended name for the respective enzyme.
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Glycoside hydrolases (also called glycosidases) catalyze the hydrolysis of the glycosidic linkage to generate two smaller sugars. They are extremely common enzymes with roles in nature including degradation of biomass such as cellulose and hemicellulose, in anti-bacterial
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Amylase is the name given to glycoside hydrolase enzymes that break down starch into glucose molecules. Amylase is also known as Ptyalin. Although the amylases are designated by different Greek letters, they all act on α-1,4-glycosidic bonds.
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α-Amylase is the major form of amylase found in humans and other mammals.

Amylase in human physiology

Although found in many tissues, amylase is most prominent in pancreatic juice and saliva which each have their own isoform of human α-amylase.
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Lysozyme is a 14.4 kilodalton enzyme (EC 3.2.1.17 ) that damages bacterial cell walls by catalyzing hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in a peptidoglycan and between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitodextrins.
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Neuraminidase is a glycoside hydrolase enzyme (EC 3.2.1.18 ). It is frequently found as an antigenic glycoprotein and is best known as one of the enzymes found on the surface of the Influenza virus.
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Galactosidases are enzymes (glycoside hydrolases) which catalyzes the hydrolysis of galactosides into monosaccharides

If the galactoside is an alpha-galactoside, the enzyme is called alpha-galactosidase, and if it is a beta-galactoside, it is called beta-galactosidase.
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