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Information about Charter

For other uses of charter, see Charter (disambiguation).


A charter is a document bestowing certain rights on a town, city, university, land or institution; sometimes used as a loan of money. The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms is a bill of rights. The term derives from a root word meaning "paper".

Origin

As John Fiske described in his 1890 treatise on the Origin of Civil Government in the United States:
The word "charter" originally meant simply a paper or written document, and it was often applied to deeds for the transfer of real estate. In contracts of such importance papers or parchment documents were drawn up and carefully preserved as irrefragable evidences of the transaction. And so, in quite significant phrase the towns zealously guarded their charters as the "title-deeds of their liberties."
After a while the word charter was applied in England to a particular document which specified certain important concessions forcibly wrung by the people from a most unwilling sovereign. This document was called Magna Carta, or the "Great Charter," signed at Runnymede, June 15, 1215, by John, king of England.

History

In Anglo-Saxon England charters were used to grant land rights.

Charters were issued in medieval times by Royal decree, perhaps giving a particular town the right to hold a weekly market, or to levy a toll on a road or bridge. This pledged to the King.

Legal status

A charter is a legally binding document incorporating an organization or institution and specifying its purpose, remit or bylaws. Organizations such as the Institution of Civil Engineers in the UK is chartered to maintain and advance the science and practice of civil engineering in the UK, and by this charter has the right to regulate the business of civil engineering in the UK; this gives rise to a status of a chartered engineer - one who satisfies the requirements of the charter holding organization. Royal Charters also exist and may have legal status in the case of Universities & similar bodies the power to award degrees normally comes from a Royal Charter.

Municipal charters

Main article: Municipal charter
A charter is often the founding document of an incorporated town or city.

Charter schools

In education, charter schools are becoming quite common.

Charter buses

Chartered buses are used by some groups of individuals who use a common bus in order to go on a trip or go on a tour of a certain location. These buses are mostly for longer periods of time.

Charter flights

Main article: Charter airline
Charter flights are organised on behalf of a group of individuals who share seats on a plane to travel together to another destination. These flights can be organised by individuals on behalf of other individuals or by tour companies. These companies are commonly referred to as tour operators or inclusive tour (IT) companies. The latter term is used to refer to companies whose charter arrangements include accommodation as well as flights. These arrangements are also known as package holiday or package tours. Firms that charter aircraft without offering any accommodation are "seat-only" operators. In the UK any company or individual organising charter flights - with or without accommodation - on a commercial basis must obtain Air Travel Organisers' Licensing (ATOL) from the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and must lodge a bond with it, which will be used to repatriate charter airline passengers whose tour organiser has failed and who are stranded abroad. The term charter flights generally refers to flights and seats on large jets such as those produced by Boeing or Airbus, and is usually a cheap way for individuals to fly on a set route at a set time. In contrast air charter typically involves smaller planes, where one individual or company wants to use the whole plane for a very specific flight at a time of their choosing, and is a much more expensive way to fly.

Charter colony

A charter colony is a type of colony that was established by a group of settlers that received a charter.

Charter member

The term charter member refers to a person or group who was among those participating in the creation of any chartered organization.

The Charter of Goods and Services

The term charter can refer to the letting, renting or hire of an object or a service. For instance yacht charter concerns the renting of a yacht and it's crew for a set period of time. Also, aircraft are chartered in the same way.

Newsgroup charter

On Usenet, newsgroups in the Big-8 and some other hierarchies must have a newsgroup charter spelling out the purpose of the newsgroup, what constitutes on-topic discussion, and whether or not the newsgroup is moderated.

See also

External links

Charter may refer to:
  • charter airline
  • yacht charter
  • bare-boat charter
  • Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
  • Charter Communications
  • Charter School of Wilmington
  • The Charter, a fictional form of magic in Garth Nix's Old Kingdom series.

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town is a community of people ranging from a few hundred to several thousands, although it may be applied loosely even to huge metropolitan areas. Usually, a "town" is thought of as larger than a village but smaller than a "city".
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city is an urban settlement with a particularly important status which differentiates it from a town.

City is primarily used to designate an urban settlement with a large population. However, city may also indicate a special administrative, legal, or historical status.
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university is an institution of higher education and research, which grants academic degrees at all levels (bachelor, master, and doctorate) in a variety of subjects. A university provides both tertiary and quaternary education.
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A LAND attack is a DoS (Denial of Service) attack that consists of sending a special poison spoofed packet to a computer, causing it to lock up. The security flaw was actually first discovered in 1997 by someone using the alias "m3lt", and has resurfaced many years later in
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Institutions are structures and mechanisms of social order and cooperation governing the behavior of two or more individuals. Institutions are identified with a social purpose and permanence, transcending individual human lives and intentions, and with the making and enforcing of
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Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms (also known as The Charter of Rights and Freedoms or simply The Charter) is a bill of rights entrenched in the Constitution of Canada. It forms the first part of the Constitution Act, 1982.
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A bill of rights is a list or summary of rights that are considered important and essential by a group of people, generally leaders of the group create this bill. The purpose of these bills is to protect those rights against infringement of people.
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Paper is thin material used for writing upon, printing upon or packaging, produced by the amalgamation of fibres, typically vegetable fibers composed of cellulose, which are subsequently held together by hydrogen bonding.
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John Fiske may refer to:
  • John Fiske (philosopher) (1842 - 1901), born Edmund Fisk Green, an American philosopher and historian. He wrote a two-volume set titled, "The American Revolution", in 1891.

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18th century - 19th century - 20th century
1860s  1870s  1880s  - 1890s -  1900s  1910s  1920s
1887 1888 1889 - 1890 - 1891 1892 1893

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Subjects:     Archaeology - Architecture -
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Property law
Part of the common law series
Acquisition of property
Gift  · Adverse possession  · Deed
Lost, mislaid, and abandoned property
Alienation  · Bailment  · License
Estates in land
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Magna Carta (Latin for "Great Charter", literally "Great Paper"), also called Magna Carta Libertatum ("Great Charter of Freedoms"), is an English charter originally issued in 1215.
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Runnymede is a water-meadow alongside the River Thames in the county of Surrey, England, associated with the signing of the Magna Carta and today the site of a collection of memorials.
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1215 in other calendars
Gregorian calendar 1215
MCCXV
Ab urbe condita 1968
Armenian calendar 664
ԹՎ ՈԿԴ
Bah' calendar -629 – -628
Buddhist calendar 1759
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Anglo-Saxon Charters are documents from the early medieval period in Britain which typically make a grant of land or record a privilege. They are usually written on parchment, in Latin but often with sections in the vernacular, describing the bounds of estates, which often
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Middle Ages form the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three "ages": the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages and Modern Times.
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royal family is the extended family of a monarch. Generally, the head of a royal family is a king or queen regnant. The term "imperial family" more appropriately describes the extended family of an emperor or empress regnant, while the terms "ducal family", "grand ducal family" or
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town is a community of people ranging from a few hundred to several thousands, although it may be applied loosely even to huge metropolitan areas. Usually, a "town" is thought of as larger than a village but smaller than a "city".
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market is a social arrangement that allows buyers and sellers to discover information and carry out a voluntary exchange of goods or services. It is one of the two key institutions that organize trade, along with the right to own property.
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Economic policy
Monetary policy
Central bank   Money supply
Fiscal policy
Spending   Deficit   Debt
Trade policy
Tariff   Trade agreement

Finance
Financial market
Financial market participants
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road is an identifiable route, way or path between two or more places.[1] Roads are typically smoothed, paved, or otherwise prepared to allow easy travel;[2]
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bridge is a structure built to span a gorge, valley, road, railroad track, river, body of water, or any other physical obstacle. Designs of bridges will vary depending on the function of the bridge and the nature of the terrain where the bridge is to be constructed.
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Business law
Business organizations
Basic forms:
Sole proprietorship
Corporation
Partnership
(General · Limited · LLP)
Cooperative
USA:
Business trust · LLC · LLLP
Delaware corporation
Nevada corporation
UK/Commonwealth:
Limited company
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A bylaw (sometimes also spelled by-law or byelaw) was originally the Viking town law in the Danelaw. Contrary to popular etymology the element by has nothing to do with the preposition by.
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Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE) is an independent professional association, based in central London, representing civil engineers. Like its early membership, the majority of its current members are British engineers, but it also has members in more than 100 countries around
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For the ship of the same name, see .


A Royal Charter is a charter granted by the Sovereign on the advice of the privy council, to legitimize an incorporated body, such as a city, company, university or such.
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A city charter or town charter (generically, municipal charter) is a legal document establishing a municipality such as a city or town. The concept developed in Europe during the middle ages.
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The external links in this article or section may require cleanup to comply with Wikipedia's content policies.
Please [ improve this article] by removing excessive or inappropriate external links. Please remove this tag when this is done.
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A charter airline operates aircraft on a charter basis, that is flights that take place outside normal schedules, by a hiring arrangement with a particular customer. Most scheduled airline companies also operate charter flights but are not considered or classified as charter
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