Information about Catlinite
Catlinite, or pipestone, is a type of argillite (metamorphosed mudstone), usually brownish-red in color, which occurs in a matrix of Sioux quartzite. Because it is fine-grained and easily-worked, it is prized by Native Americans for use in making sacred pipes commonly referred to as peace pipes. Pipestone quarries are located and preserved in Pipestone National Monument in the southwest corner of Minnesota, and at the Pipestone River in Manitoba, Canada.
The term Catlinite came into use after the American painter George Catlin visited the quarries in Minnesota in 1835; but it was Philander Prescott who first wrote about the rock in 1832, noting that evidence indicated that American Indians had been using the quarries since at least as far back as 1637.
The term Catlinite came into use after the American painter George Catlin visited the quarries in Minnesota in 1835; but it was Philander Prescott who first wrote about the rock in 1832, noting that evidence indicated that American Indians had been using the quarries since at least as far back as 1637.
External links
- Mississippi Valley Archaeology Center at the University of Wisconsin - La Crosse: Describes the process of making pipes from Catlinite
argillite (IPA: /ˈɑːdʒilʌɪt/) is a fine-grained sedimentary rock composed predominantly of indurated clay particles. Argillites are basically lithified muds and oozes.
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Metamorphic rock is the result of the transformation of a pre-existing rock type, the protolith, in a process called metamorphism, which means "change in form". The protolith is subjected to heat (greater than 150 degrees Celsius) and extreme pressure causing profound
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Mudstone (also called mudrock) is a fine grained sedimentary rock whose original constituents were clays or muds. Grain size is up to 0.0625 mm (0.0025 in) with individual grains too small to be distinguished without a microscope.
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The matrix or groundmass of rock is the fine-grained mass of material in which larger grains or crystals are embedded.
The matrix of an igneous rock consists of fine-grained, often microscopic, crystals in which larger crystals (phenocrysts) are embedded.
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The matrix of an igneous rock consists of fine-grained, often microscopic, crystals in which larger crystals (phenocrysts) are embedded.
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<noinclude></noinclude> Quartzite (from German Quarzit[1]) is a hard, metamorphic rock which was originally sandstone.[2] Sandstone is converted into quartzite through heating and pressure usually related to tectonic compression within
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American Indian and Alaska Native
One race: 2.5 million[1]
In combination with one or more other races: 1.6 million[2]
Regions with significant populations United States
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One race: 2.5 million[1]
In combination with one or more other races: 1.6 million[2]
Regions with significant populations United States
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pipe is a tool used for smoking. The designs of pipes vary considerably, but for the most part they are reusable and consist of a chamber, or bowl, in which the substance to be smoked is placed, a stem of some sort and a mouthpiece through which the smoked is inhaled.
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peace pipe, also called a calumet or medicine pipe, is a ceremonial smoking pipe used by many Native American tribes, traditionally as a token of peace.
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Location Pipestone County, Minnesota, USA
Nearest city Pipestone, Minnesota
Coordinates
Area 281.78 (1.14 km²)
Established August 25, 1937
Total visitation 69,820 (in 2005)
Governing body
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Nearest city Pipestone, Minnesota
Coordinates
Area 281.78 (1.14 km²)
Established August 25, 1937
Total visitation 69,820 (in 2005)
Governing body
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State of Minnesota
Flag of Minnesota Seal
Nickname(s): North Star State,
The Land of 10,000 Lakes, The Gopher State
Motto(s): L'Étoile du Nord (French: The Star of the North)
Capital Saint Paul
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Flag of Minnesota Seal
Nickname(s): North Star State,
The Land of 10,000 Lakes, The Gopher State
Motto(s): L'Étoile du Nord (French: The Star of the North)
Capital Saint Paul
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Manitoba
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: Gloriosus et Liber (Latin: Glorious and free)
Capital Winnipeg
Largest city Winnipeg
Official languages English
Government
- Lieutenant-Governor John Harvard
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Flag Coat of arms
Motto: Gloriosus et Liber (Latin: Glorious and free)
Capital Winnipeg
Largest city Winnipeg
Official languages English
Government
- Lieutenant-Governor John Harvard
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George Catlin by William Fisk, 1849]] George Catlin (July 26, 1796–December 23, 1872) was an American painter, author and traveler who specialized in portraits of Native Americans in the Old West.
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