Information about Carotid Triangle
| The triangles of the neck. (Anterior triangles to the left; posterior triangles to the right. Superior carotid triangle labeled at center left.) | |
| Side of neck, showing chief surface markings. (Nerves are yellow, arteries are red.) | |
| Latin | trigonum caroticum |
| subject #145 564 | |
| Dorlands/Elsevier | t_19/12823361 |
Coverings and boundaries
It is bounded:- behind by the Sternocleidomastoideus;
- below, by the superior belly of the Omohyoideus
- above, by the Stylohyoideus and the posterior belly of the Digastricus.
Its floor is formed by parts of the Thyrohyoideus, Hyoglossus, and the Constrictores pharyngis medius and inferior.
Arteries
This space when dissected is seen to contain the upper part of the common carotid artery, which bifurcates opposite the upper border of the thyroid cartilage into the external and internal carotid. These vessels are somewhat concealed from view by the anterior margin of the Sternocleidomastoideus, which overlaps them.The external and internal carotids lie side by side, the external being the more anterior of the two.
The following branches of the external carotid are also met with in this space:
- the superior thyroid artery, running forward and downward;
- the lingual artery, directly forward;
- the facial artery, forward and upward;
- the occipital artery, backward;
- the ascending pharyngeal artery, directly upward on the medial side of the internal carotid.
Veins
The veins met with are:- the internal jugular, which lies on the lateral side of the common and internal carotid arteries;
- and veins corresponding to the above-mentioned branches of the external carotid—viz.,
- the superior thyroid,
- the lingual,
- common facial,
- ascending pharyngeal,
- and sometimes the occipital
Nerves
The nerves in this space are the following.In front of the sheath of the common carotid is the ramus descendens hypoglossi.
The hypoglossal nerve crosses both the internal and external carotids above, curving around the origin of the occipital artery.
Within the sheath, between the artery and vein, and behind both, is the vagus nerve; behind the sheath, the sympathetic trunk.
On the lateral side of the vessels, the accessory nerve runs for a short distance before it pierces the Sternocleidomastoideus; and on the medial side of the external carotid, just below the hyoid bone, may be seen the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve; and, still more inferiorly, the external branch of the same nerve.
Other contents
The upper portion of the larynx and lower portion of the pharynx are also found in the front part of this space.See also
Additional images
) | Muscles of the neck. Anterior view. |
External links
This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. As such, some of the information contained herein may be outdated. Please edit the article if this is the case, and feel free to remove this notice when it is no longer relevant.General anatomy of neck (Throat • Pharynx • Larynx) | |
|---|---|
| Cartilages | Cricoid • Thyroid (Adam's apple) • Epiglottis • Arytenoid • Cuneiform • Corniculate |
| Ligaments | Extrinsic ligaments: Thyrohyoid membrane (Lateral thyrohyoid ligament, Median thyrohyoid ligament) • Hyoepiglottic ligament • Cricotracheal ligament Intrinsic ligaments: Cricothyroid ligament |
| Folds and related structures | Folds: (Glossoepiglottic, Aryepiglottic, Vocal, Vestibular) • Vocal ligament • Ventricle of the larynx • Infraglottic cavity • Vestibule of larynx • Rima glottidis • Glottis |
| Triangles of the neck | Anterior of the neck (Muscular, Carotid, Submandibular, Submental) • Posterior of the neck (Occipital, Subclavian) • Suboccipital |
| Fascia | Deep cervical fascia (Pretrachial fascia, Prevertebral fascia, Investing layer) • Carotid sheath |
| Other | Retropharyngeal space |
Latin}}}
Official status
Official language of: Vatican City
Used for official purposes, but not spoken in everyday speech
Regulated by: Opus Fundatum Latinitas
Roman Catholic Church
Language codes
ISO 639-1: la
ISO 639-2: lat
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Official status
Official language of: Vatican City
Used for official purposes, but not spoken in everyday speech
Regulated by: Opus Fundatum Latinitas
Roman Catholic Church
Language codes
ISO 639-1: la
ISO 639-2: lat
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The anterior triangle is bounded, in front, by the middle line of the neck; behind, by the anterior margin of the Sternocleidomastoideus; its base, directed upward, is formed by the lower border of the body of the mandible, and a line extending from the angle of the mandible to
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In human anatomy, the sternocleidomastoid (pronounced /ˌstɚ.noˌkli.dəˈmæs.tɔɪ̯d/) muscles are anterior muscles in the neck that act to flex and rotate the head.
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The omohyoid muscle is a muscle at the front of the neck that consists of two bellies separated by an intermediate tendon. It belongs to the group of infrahyoid muscles.
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Structure
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The Stylohyoid muscle is a slender muscle, lying in front of, and above the posterior belly of the digastric muscle. It shares this muscle's innervation by the facial nerve.
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The digastric muscle (named digastric as it has two bellies) is a small muscle located under the jaw.
It lies below the body of the mandible, and extends, in a curved form, from the mastoid process to the symphysis menti. It belongs to the suprahyoid muscles group.
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It lies below the body of the mandible, and extends, in a curved form, from the mastoid process to the symphysis menti. It belongs to the suprahyoid muscles group.
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The platysma is a superficial muscle that overlaps the sternocleidomastoid.
It is a broad sheet arising from the fascia covering the upper parts of the Pectoralis major and Deltoideus; its fibers cross the clavicle, and proceed obliquely upward and medialward along the side of the
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It is a broad sheet arising from the fascia covering the upper parts of the Pectoralis major and Deltoideus; its fibers cross the clavicle, and proceed obliquely upward and medialward along the side of the
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The Thyrohyoid muscle is a small, quadrilateral muscle appearing like an upward continuation of the Sternothyreoideus. It belongs to the infrahyoid muscles group.
It arises from the oblique line on the lamina of the thyroid cartilage, and is inserted into the lower border
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It arises from the oblique line on the lamina of the thyroid cartilage, and is inserted into the lower border
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The Hyoglossus, thin and quadrilateral, arises from the side of the body and from the whole length of the greater cornu of the hyoid bone, and passes almost vertically upward to enter the side of the tongue, between the Styloglossus and Longitudinalis inferior.
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The middle pharyngeal constrictor is a fanshaped muscle, smaller than the Inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle.
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Origin and insertion
It arises from the whole length of the upper border of the greater cornu of the hyoid bone, from the lesser cornu, and from the..... Click the link for more information.
The thyroid cartilage is the largest of the nine cartilages that make up the laryngeal skeleton, the cartilage structure in and around the trachea that contains the larynx.
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The superior thyroid artery arises from the external carotid artery just below the level of the greater cornu of the hyoid bone and ends in the thyroid gland.
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Relations
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The lingual artery arises from the external carotid between the superior thyroid and facial artery.
It first runs obliquely upward and medialward to the greater cornu of the hyoid bone.
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It first runs obliquely upward and medialward to the greater cornu of the hyoid bone.
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The facial artery (external maxillary artery in older texts) is a branch of the external carotid artery that supplies structures of the face.
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Structure
The facial artery arises in the carotid triangle from the external carotid artery a little above the lingual..... Click the link for more information.
The occipital artery arise opposite the facial artery, its path is below the posterior belly of digastic to the occipital region. This artery supplies blood to the back of the scalp and sterno-mastoid muscles. Other muscles it supplies are deep muscles in the back and neck.
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The ascending pharyngeal artery, the smallest branch of the external carotid, is a long, slender vessel, deeply seated in the neck, beneath the other branches of the external carotid and under the Stylopharyngeus.
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The internal jugular vein collects the blood from the brain, from the superficial parts of the face, and from the neck.
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Path
It is directly continuous with the sigmoid sinus, and begins in the posterior compartment of the jugular foramen, at the base of the skull...... Click the link for more information.
The superior thyroid artery arises from the external carotid artery just below the level of the greater cornu of the hyoid bone and ends in the thyroid gland.
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Relations
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The tongue is the large bundle of skeletal muscles on the floor of the mouth that manipulates food for chewing and swallowing (deglutition). It is the primary organ of taste. Much of the surface of the tongue is covered in taste buds.
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The anterior facial vein usually unites with the posterior facial vein to form the common facial vein, which crosses the external carotid artery and enters the internal jugular vein at a variable point below the hyoid bone.
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The ascending pharyngeal artery, the smallest branch of the external carotid, is a long, slender vessel, deeply seated in the neck, beneath the other branches of the external carotid and under the Stylopharyngeus.
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The word occipital refers to several areas of the human body in the occiput, the rear of the skull:
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- Occipital bun
- Occipital lobe
- Occipital bone
- Occipital scales
- Occipital artery
- Occipital vein
- Lesser occipital nerve
- Greater occipital nerve
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In human anatomy, the common carotid artery is an artery that supplies the head and neck with oxygenated blood; it divides in the neck to form the external and internal carotid arteries.
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The hypoglossal nerve is the twelfth cranial nerve (XII). The nerve arises from the hypoglossal nucleus and emerges from the medulla oblongata in the preolivary sulcus separating the olive and the pyramid. It then passes through the hypoglossal canal.
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The hypoglossal nerve is the twelfth cranial nerve (XII). The nerve arises from the hypoglossal nucleus and emerges from the medulla oblongata in the preolivary sulcus separating the olive and the pyramid. It then passes through the hypoglossal canal.
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The occipital artery arise opposite the facial artery, its path is below the posterior belly of digastic to the occipital region. This artery supplies blood to the back of the scalp and sterno-mastoid muscles. Other muscles it supplies are deep muscles in the back and neck.
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The vagus nerve (also called pneumogastric nerve or cranial nerve X) is the tenth of twelve paired cranial nerves, and is the only nerve that starts in the brainstem (within the medulla oblongata) and extends, through the jugular foramen, down below the head, to the
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The sympathetic trunk (sympathetic chain, gangliated cord) is a bundle of nerve fibers that runs from the base of the skull to the coccyx. There are two sympathetic trunks in the body, a right one and a left one.
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In anatomy, the accessory nerve is a nerve that controls specific muscles of the neck. As a part of it is traditionally believed to originate in the brain, it is considered a cranial nerve.
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