By Product

Information about By Product

A by-product is a secondary or incidental product deriving from a manufacturing process, a chemical reaction or a biochemical pathway, and is not the primary product or service being produced. A by-product can be useful and marketable, or it can have severe ecological consequences.

Major by-products

Animal sources

dried blood and blood meal - from slaughterhouse operations
chicken by-product meal - clean parts of the carcass of slaughtered chicken, such as necks, feet, undeveloped eggs, and intestines.
chrome shavings - from a stage of leather manufacture
collagen and gelatin - from the boiled skin and other parts of slaughtered livestock
feathers - from poultry processing
lanolin - from the cleaning of wool]
manure - from animal husbandry
meat and bone meal - from the rendering of animal bones and offal
poultry byproduct and poultry meal - made from unmarketable poultry bones and offal
poultry litter - swept from the floors of chicken coops]
whey - from cheese manufacturing

Vegetation

acidulated soap stock - from the refining of vegetable oil
bran and germ - from the milling of whole grains into refined grains
brewer's yeast - from ethanol fermentation
corn stover - residual plant matter after harvesting of cereals
dried distiller's grain - from ethanol fermentation
glycerol - from the production of biodiesel
grape seed oil - recovered from leftovers of the winemaking process
molasses - from sugar refining
orange oil and other citrus oils - recovered from the peels of processed fruit
pectin - recovered from the remains of processed fruit
sawdust and bark- from the processing of logs into lumber
straw- from grain harvesting

Minerals and petro chemicals

asphalt - from the refining of crude oil
slag - from ore refining
gypsum - from Flue gas desulfurization
ash and smoke - from the combustion of fuel
mineral oil - from refining crude oil to produce gasoline

Other

sludge - from wastewater treatment

Uses

..... Click the link for more information.

For the art collective, see .

Gelatin (also gelatine , from French gélatine) is a translucent, colourless, brittle, nearly tasteless solid substance, extracted from the collagen inside animals' connective tissue.
..... Click the link for more information.

Feathers are one of the epidermal growths that form the distinctive outer covering, or plumage, on birds. They are the outstanding characteristic that distinguishes the Class Aves from all other living groups. Other Theropoda also had feathers (see Feathered dinosaurs).
..... Click the link for more information.

Poultry is the category of domesticated birds kept for meat, eggs, and feathers. These most typically are members of the order Galliformes (which includes chickens and turkeys) and the family Anatidae (in order Anseriformes), commonly known as "waterfowl" (e.g.
..... Click the link for more information.

Lanolin, also called Adeps Lanae, wool wax, wool fat, or wool grease, a greasy yellow substance from wool-bearing animals, acts as a skin ointment, water-proofing wax, and raw material (such as in shoe polish).
..... Click the link for more information.

Manure is organic matter used as fertilizer in agriculture. Manures contribute to the fertility of the soil by adding organic matter and nutrients, such as nitrogen that is trapped by bacteria in the soil.
..... Click the link for more information.

Animal husbandry, also called animal science, stockbreeding or simple husbandry, is the agricultural practice of breeding and raising livestock.

The science of animal husbandry is taught in many universities and colleges around the world.
..... Click the link for more information.

Meat and bone meal (MBM) is a product of the rendering industry. It is typically about 50% protein, 35% ash, 8-12% fat, and 4-7% moisture. It is primarily used in the formulation of animal feed to improve the amino acid profile of the feed.
..... Click the link for more information.

Rendering is a process that converts waste animal tissue into stable, value-added materials. Rendering can refer generally to any processing of animal byproducts into more useful materials, or more narrowly to the rendering of whole animal fatty tissue into purified fats like lard
..... Click the link for more information.

Offal is the entrails and internal organs of a butchered animal. The word does not refer to a particular list of organs, but includes most internal organs other than muscles or bones.
..... Click the link for more information.

In agriculture, poultry litter or broiler litter is a material used as bedding in poultry operations to render the floor more manageable. Common litter materials are wood shavings, sawdust, peanut hulls, shredded sugar cane, straw, and other dry, absorbant, low-cost organic
..... Click the link for more information.

Whey or milk plasma is the liquid remaining after milk has been curdled and strained; it is a by-product of the manufacture of cheese or casein and has several commercial uses.
..... Click the link for more information.

Cheese is a solid food made from the milk of cows, goats, sheep and other mammals. Cheese is made by coagulating milk. This is accomplished by first acidification with a bacterial culture and then employing an enzyme, rennet (or rennet substitutes) to coagulate the milk to "curds
..... Click the link for more information.

Bran

Bran is the hard outer layer of grain and consists of combined aleurone and pericarp. Along with germ, it is an integral part of whole grains, and is often produced as a by-product of milling in the production of refined grains.
..... Click the link for more information.

The germ is the "heart" of the cereal kernel, the embryo of the seed, and a concentrated source of several essential nutrients including Vitamin E, folate (folic acid), phosphorus, thiamin, zinc and magnesium, as well as essential fatty acids and fatty alcohols.
..... Click the link for more information.

Whole grains are cereal grains which retain the bran and germ as well as the endosperm, in contrast to refined grains which retain only the endosperm. Whole meal products are made from whole grain flour.
..... Click the link for more information.

Ascomycota (sac fungi)

Saccharomycotina (true yeasts)
Taphrinomycotina
Schizosaccharomycetes (fission yeasts)

Basidiomycota (club fungi)

Urediniomycetes

..... Click the link for more information.

Ethanol, also known as ethyl alcohol, drinking alcohol or grain alcohol, is a flammable, colorless, slightly toxic chemical compound, and is best known as the alcohol found in alcoholic beverages.
..... Click the link for more information.

Stover consists of the leaves and stalks of corn (maize), sorghum or soybean plants that are left in a field after harvest. It can be directly grazed by cattle or dried for use as fodder (forage).
..... Click the link for more information.

Cereal crops or grains are mostly grasses cultivated for their edible grains or seeds (i.e., botanically a type of fruit called a caryopsis). Cereal grains are grown in greater quantities and provide more energy worldwide than any other type of crop; they are therefore
..... Click the link for more information.

Distillers dried grains is a cereal byproduct of the distillation process. There are two main sources of these grains. The traditional sources were from brewers. More recently, ethanol plants are a growing source.
..... Click the link for more information.

This article is copied from an article on Wikipedia.org - the free encyclopedia created and edited by online user community. The text was not checked or edited by anyone on our staff. Although the vast majority of the wikipedia encyclopedia articles provide accurate and timely information please do not assume the accuracy of any particular article. This article is distributed under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License.

Herod_Archelaus

iPedia Free Information Center