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Information about Bathypelagic

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The layers of the pelagic zone.
The bathyal zone or bathypelagic is the pelagic zone that extends from a depth of 1000 to 4000 meters below the ocean surface. It lies between the mesopelagic above, and the abyssopelagic below. The average temperature hovers at about 4 degrees Celsius, or 39 degrees Fahrenheit. Although larger by volume than the Euphotic zone, the bathyal zone is less densely populated. Sunlight does not reach this zone, meaning there can be no primary production. It is known as the midnight zone because of this feature. Because of the lack of light, some species do not have eyes, but one of the species that does is the viperfish. Many forms of nekton live in the bathyal zone, such as squid, large whales, and octopi, but this zone is difficult for fish to live in. Sponges, brachiopods, sea stars, and echinoids are also common in the bathyal zone. The fish in this zone have become very energy efficient since it is especially hard to find nutrients. Many have slow metabolic rates, to conserve energy. The fish here have weak muscles, soft skin and slimy bodies. Animals in the bathyal zone aren't threatened by predators that can see them, so they do not have powerful muscles. There are few plants because of lack of sun, photosynthesis.
The pelagic zone is the part of the open sea or ocean that is not near the coast. In contrast, the neritic zone comprises the water that is near to (and is significantly affected by) the coast or the continental shelf.
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Earth's oceans
(World Ocean)
  • Arctic Ocean
  • Atlantic Ocean
  • Indian Ocean
  • Pacific Ocean
  • Southern Ocean
An ocean (from Ωκεανός, Okeanos
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The mesopelagic (Greek μέσον, middle) (also known as the middle pelagic or twilight zone) is a pelagic zone extending from 200 m down to around 1000 m below sea level.
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The abyssal zone is the pelagic zone that contains the very deep benthic communities near the bottom of oceans. Abyss is from the Greek word meaning bottomless sea. At depths of 4,000 to 6,000 meters (13,123 to 19,685 feet), this zone remains in perpetual darkness and never
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The photic zone or euphotic zone (Greek 'well lit') is the depth of the water whether in a lake or an ocean, that is exposed to sufficient sunlight for photosynthesis to occur. The depth of the euphotic zone can be greatly affected by seasonal turbidity.
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Primary production is the production of organic compounds from atmospheric or aquatic carbon dioxide, principally through the process of photosynthesis, with chemosynthesis being much less important. All life on earth is directly or indirectly reliant on primary production.
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Chauliodus
Bloch & Schneider, 1801

Species
See text.

A viperfish is a deepwater fish in the genus Chauliodus, with long, needle-like teeth and hinged lower jaws. They grow to lengths of 30 to 60 cm (14 inches).
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Nekton is a grouping of living organisms that live in the water column of the ocean and freshwater lakes.

Nekton organisms can propel themselves independent of the currents in the water mass.
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For other uses, see Squid (disambiguation).


Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices (SQUID) are very sensitive magnetometers used to measure extremely small magnetic fields, based on superconducting loops
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whale can refer to all cetaceans, to just the larger ones, or only to members of particular families within the order Cetacea. The last definition is the one followed here. Whales are those cetaceans which are neither dolphins (i.e.
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Octopoda
Leach, 1818

Suborders

†Pohlsepia (incertae sedis)
†Proteroctopus (incertae sedis)
†Palaeoctopus (incertae sedis)
Cirrina
Incirrina
Synonyms

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predation describes a biological interaction where a predator organism feeds on another living organism or organisms known as prey.[1] Predators may or may not kill their prey prior to feeding on them.
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Herod_Archelaus


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