Information about Autapomorph
An autapomorphy in cladistics is a derived trait that is unique to a given terminal group. That is, it is found only in one member of a clade, but not found in any others or outgroup taxa, not even those most closely related to the group (which may be a species, family or in general any clade.
An autapomorphy is not present in the closest relative of the terminal group and also was not present in their common ancestor.
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An autapomorphy is not present in the closest relative of the terminal group and also was not present in their common ancestor.
See also
- Homoplasy - a trait that is found in several terminal groups but evolved independently (i.e., was not present in their common ancestor)
- Synapomorphy - a trait that is found in some or all terminal groups of a clade, and inherited from a common ancestor, for which it was an autapomorphy (i.e., not present in its immediate ancestor).
- Underlying synapomorphy - a synapomorphy that has been lost againin many members of the clade. If lost in all but one, it can be hard to distinguish from an autapomorphy.
Cladistics is a philosophy of classification that arranges organisms only by their order of branching in an evolutionary tree and not by their morphological similarity, in the words of Luria et al. (1981).
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outgroup. The evolutionary conclusion from this is that the outgroup branched from the parent group before the other two groups branched from each other.
Some examples, with outgroup on the right:
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Some examples, with outgroup on the right:
- Humans, chimpanzees — gorillas
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For the journal, see .
A taxon (plural taxa), or taxonomic unit, is a name designating an organism or group of organisms. A taxon is assigned a rank and can be placed at a particular level in a systematic hierarchy reflecting evolutionary..... Click the link for more information.
species is one of the basic units of biological classification. A species is often defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring.
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family (Latin: familia, plural familiae) is a rank, or a taxon in that rank. Exact details of formal nomenclature depend on the Nomenclature Code which applies.
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In evolutionary biology, convergent evolution is the process whereby organisms not closely related (not monophyletic), independently evolve similar traits as a result of having to adapt to similar environments or ecological niches[1].
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In evolutionary biology, a synapomorphy is a derived character state shared by two or more terminal groups (taxa included in a cladistic analysis as further indivisible units) and inherited from their most recent common ancestor.
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