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Information about Anterior Cruciate Ligament

Ligament: Anterior cruciate ligament
Diagram of the right knee. (Anterior cruciate ligament labeled at center left.)
Latinligamentum cruciatum anterius
subject #93 342
Fromlateral condyle of the femur
Tointercondyloid eminence of the tibia
Dorlands/Elsevier l_09/12492099
The anterior cruciate ligament (or ACL) is one of the four major ligaments of the knee.

It connects from a posterio-lateral part of the femur to an anterio-medial part of the tibia. These attachments allow it to resist forces pushing the tibia forward relative to the femur.

More specifically, it is attached to the depression in front of the intercondyloid eminence of the tibia, being blended with the anterior extremity of the lateral meniscus.

It passes up, backward, and laterally, and is fixed into the medial and back part of the lateral condyle of the femur.

Injury

Main article: anterior cruciate ligament injury
Although there are many ACL injuries, the ACL is next to the most commonly injured knee ligament, the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)[1] and commonly injured by athletes. The ACL is often torn during sudden dislocation, tortion, or hyperextension of the knee. It is a very common injury in hockey, skiing, skating, basketball, and football due to the enormous amount of pressure, weight and number of blows the knee must withstand.


Diagnosis

The Lachman test is supported by most authorities to be the most reliable and sensitive maneuver for the diagnosis of an ACL tear.

References

1. ^ Widuchowski, Widuchowski, Widuchowski (2007). "Articular cartilage defects: Study of 25,124 knee arthroscopies". PMID 17428666. 

See also

Additional images


Right knee-joint, from the front, showing interior ligaments.

Left knee-joint from behind, showing interior ligaments.

Head of right tibia seen from above, showing menisci and attachments of ligaments.

Capsule of right knee-joint (distended). Posterior aspect.


External links

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Joints and ligaments of lower limbs
Coxal/hipiliofemoral - pubofemoral - ischiofemoral - head of femur - transverse acetabular
Knee-jointpatellar - popliteal (oblique, arcuate) - collateral (medial/tibial, lateral/fibular) - cruciate (anterior, posterior) - menisci (medial, lateral)
TibiofibularSuperior tibiofibular: anterior of the head of the fibula - posterior of the head of the fibula
Inferior tibiofibular: anterior of the lateral malleolus - posterior of the lateral malleolus
Talocrural/ankledeltoid - external lateral of the ankle-joint (anterior talofibular, posterior talofibular, calcaneofibular)
Foot - intertarsalSubtalar/talocalcaneal: anterior talocalcaneal - posterior talocalcaneal - lateral talocalcaneal - medial talocalcaneal - interosseous talocalcaneal
Talocalcaneonavicular: dorsal talonavicular
Calcaneocuboid: dorsal calcaneocuboid - bifurcated - long plantar - plantar calcaneocuboid
Transverse tarsal: plantar calcaneonavicular/spring
Foot - otherCuneonavicular, Cuboideonavicular, Intercuneiform and cuneocuboid, Tarsometatarsal/Lisfranc, Intermetatarsal, Metatarsophalangeal, Interphalangeal
Arches of the foot (Longitudinal, Transverse)
Latin}}} 
Official status
Official language of: Vatican City
Used for official purposes, but not spoken in everyday speech
Regulated by: Opus Fundatum Latinitas
Roman Catholic Church
Language codes
ISO 639-1: la
ISO 639-2: lat
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The lateral condyle is one of the two projections on the lower extremity of femur. It is the more prominent and is the broader both in its antero-posterior and transverse diameters.
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The femur or thigh bone is the longest, most voluminous, and strongest bone of mammalian bodies. It forms part of the hip and part of the knee.

The word femur is Latin for thigh.
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intercondyloid eminence (intercondylar eminence, spine of tibia'), surmounted on either side by a prominent tubercle, on to the sides of which the articular facets are prolonged; in front of and behind the intercondyloid eminence are rough depressions for the
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tibia is the larger of the two bones in the leg below the knee in vertebrates.

In humans

The tibia or shin bone, in human anatomy, is found medial (towards the middle) and anterior (towards the front) to the other such bone, the fibula.
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Elsevier, the world's largest publisher of medical and scientific literature, forms part of the Reed Elsevier group. Based in Amsterdam, the company has substantial operations in the UK, USA and elsewhere.
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In anatomy, the term ligament is used to denote three different types of structures:[1]
  1. Fibrous tissue that connects bones to other bones. They are sometimes called "articular ligaments"[2], "fibrous ligaments", or "true ligaments".

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In human anatomy, the knee is the lower extremity joint connecting the femur and the tibia. Since in humans the knee supports nearly the entire weight of the body, it is the joint most vulnerable both to acute injury and to the development of osteoarthritis.
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The femur or thigh bone is the longest, most voluminous, and strongest bone of mammalian bodies. It forms part of the hip and part of the knee.

The word femur is Latin for thigh.
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tibia is the larger of the two bones in the leg below the knee in vertebrates.

In humans

The tibia or shin bone, in human anatomy, is found medial (towards the middle) and anterior (towards the front) to the other such bone, the fibula.
..... Click the link for more information.
intercondyloid eminence (intercondylar eminence, spine of tibia'), surmounted on either side by a prominent tubercle, on to the sides of which the articular facets are prolonged; in front of and behind the intercondyloid eminence are rough depressions for the
..... Click the link for more information.
The lateral meniscus (external semilunar fibrocartilage) is nearly circular and covers a larger portion of the articular surface than the medial meniscus.

It is grooved laterally for the tendon of the Popliteus, which separates it from the fibular collateral ligament.
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Lateral condyle can refer to:
  • Lateral condyle of tibia
  • Lateral condyle of femur
  • Lateral condyle on metatarsal

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This article or section needs copy editing for grammar, style, cohesion, tone and/or spelling.
You can assist by [ editing it] now. A how-to guide is available, as is general .
This article has been tagged since October 2007.
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The posterior cruciate ligament (or PCL) is one of the four major ligaments of the knee. It connects the posterior intercondylar area of the tibia to the medial condyle of the femur.
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A sportsperson (British and American English) or athlete (principally American English) is any person who participates regularly in a sport.

Athletes can be professional (paid) or amateur (unpaid).
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A Lachman test is a medical test used for examining the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) in the knee for patients where there is a suspicion of a torn ACL.

To do this, lie the patient supine on a bed. Put the patient's knee in about 20-30 degrees flexion.
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In human anatomy, the knee is the lower extremity joint connecting the femur and the tibia. Since in humans the knee supports nearly the entire weight of the body, it is the joint most vulnerable both to acute injury and to the development of osteoarthritis.
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The lateral collateral ligament (or LCL) is one of the four major ligaments of the knee. It is on the lateral or outside of the joint. It resists forces pushing the knee laterally (away from the body).
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The medial collateral ligament or MCL (or tibial collateral ligament) is one of the four major ligaments of the knee. It is on the medial or inner side of the joint.
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The posterior cruciate ligament (or PCL) is one of the four major ligaments of the knee. It connects the posterior intercondylar area of the tibia to the medial condyle of the femur.
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This article or section needs copy editing for grammar, style, cohesion, tone and/or spelling.
You can assist by [ editing it] now. A how-to guide is available, as is general .
This article has been tagged since October 2007.
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The State University of New York Health Science Center at Brooklyn, better known as SUNY Downstate Medical Center, is an academic medical center and is the only one of its kind in the Borough of Brooklyn in New York City.
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The State University of New York Health Science Center at Brooklyn, better known as SUNY Downstate Medical Center, is an academic medical center and is the only one of its kind in the Borough of Brooklyn in New York City.
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The State University of New York Health Science Center at Brooklyn, better known as SUNY Downstate Medical Center, is an academic medical center and is the only one of its kind in the Borough of Brooklyn in New York City.
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eMedicine is an online clinical medical knowledge base that was founded in 1996 by Scott Plantz and Richard Lavely, two medical doctors. It was sold to WebMD in January 2006.
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Not to be confused with pneumonic.


A mnemonic (pronounced IPA: /niːˈmɒnɪk/ in RP, /nɨˈmɑnɨk/
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Released October 31, 2007
Genre J-Pop
Length N/A
Label Geneon
Producer(s) I've Sound

Mami Kawada singles chronology

Get my way!
(2007) JOINT
(2007)

JOINT
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In anatomy, the term ligament is used to denote three different types of structures:[1]
  1. Fibrous tissue that connects bones to other bones. They are sometimes called "articular ligaments"[2], "fibrous ligaments", or "true ligaments".

..... Click the link for more information.
In common usage, a human leg is the lower limb of the body, extending from the hip to the ankle, and including the thigh, the knee, and the cnemis.[1] The largest bone in the human body, the femur, is in the leg.
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